{ "model": { "rank": 1300, "code": "thing-q33609", "model_id": "vr.tr.ursus-maritimus", "name": "Ursus maritimus", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise Ursus maritimus, interpret evidence about its individuals and populations, and support habitat protection, monitoring and authorised management.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.LIV", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q33609/", "tier": 2, "score": 158, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [], "aliasCount": 0, "merged": 0, "knownIn": 158, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q33609", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33609", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-07T11:12:06Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 24.1, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.3\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a07b90-01fa-79c2-b5ab-9720417892cd\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: Ursus maritimus\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: PHY.LIV\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 210 things:\n# Batch 001: 1001 ", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 96.2, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.3\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a07b90-01ea-7420-978d-aeced83d1b63\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: Ursus maritimus\nRegistry id: vr.tr.ursus-maritimus\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.LIV\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q33609", "registryId": "vr.tr.ursus-maritimus", "name": "Ursus maritimus", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.LIV" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q33609/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.ursus-maritimus", "name": "Ursus maritimus", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise Ursus maritimus, interpret evidence about its individuals and populations, and support habitat protection, monitoring and authorised management.", "definition": "Ursus maritimus Phipps, 1774, the polar bear, is a species of large carnivorous mammal in the family Ursidae, native to the circumpolar Arctic and adapted to hunting seals on sea ice.", "scope_statement": "This model owns the species-level biological identity and polar-bear-specific assessment requirements of vr.tr.ursus-maritimus in PHY / PHY.LIV, distinguishing the taxon from individual bears, populations and management units.", "in_scope": [ "Taxonomic identity, authority, external identifiers and identification uncertainty", "Individual life stage, sex, reproductive state and body condition", "Arctic distribution, seasonal movement, sea-ice access and maternity habitat", "Feeding opportunities, fasting exposure and relationships with prey", "Population evidence, conservation assessments and human interactions" ], "out_of_scope": [ "General bear biology owned by broader Ursidae or Ursus models", "Brown bears and hybrid taxa as independent taxonomic subjects", "Sea-ice physics and climate simulation methods", "Seal species biology beyond polar bear prey relationships", "Meat, hides, trophies and other derived products", "Veterinary treatment protocols and wildlife legislation as independent bodies of knowledge" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Assess the combination of elongated neck, relatively small rounded ears, head profile and broad paws against brown-bear alternatives; pale fur alone is insufficient.", "Check whether a wild occurrence is consistent with Arctic distribution; an Antarctic location demands correction or evidence of captivity or transport.", "Use sea-ice-associated seal hunting as ecological support for identification, without excluding bears observed ashore or eating other foods.", "Flag suspected polar bear-brown bear hybrids for expert assessment and appropriate genetic evidence rather than forcing identification from coat colour.", "Separate an assertion about the species from a sighting of one bear or an estimate for a geographically bounded population." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Taxonomic identity", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Ursus maritimus Phipps, 1774; species; genus Ursus; family Ursidae", "why_it_matters": "Anchors recognition to a taxonomic concept rather than the common name alone; reconcile provider-specific authority differences. [GBIF taxon record](https://www.gbif.org/taxon/7F2J9)" }, { "name": "External taxonomy linkage", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "NCBI Taxonomy: 29073; GBIF accepted identifier and checklist version require reconciliation", "why_it_matters": "Connects genetic and occurrence evidence without silently equating conflicting records. [NCBI Taxonomy](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?id=29073&lvl=0)" }, { "name": "Biological subject level", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Species; population; management unit; individual; observation", "why_it_matters": "Prevents global conservation status from being interpreted as the health or trajectory of every bear." }, { "name": "Sex and life stage", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Sex: female, male, undetermined; stage: dependent cub, independent immature, adult, undetermined", "why_it_matters": "Supports interpretation of sexual size dimorphism, dependency and reproductive potential without assigning sex from size alone." }, { "name": "Body mass and condition", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Mass in kg; body-condition score with named protocol; date, sex, life stage and uncertainty", "why_it_matters": "Makes seasonal and demographic comparisons interpretable and distinguishes measured mass from visual estimates." }, { "name": "Reproductive and denning state", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Pregnancy suspected or confirmed; maternity denning; accompanying dependent cubs; other; unknown", "why_it_matters": "Identifies sensitive maternal situations while keeping pregnancy and den occupancy separate from inference." }, { "name": "Native range and occurrence context", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Circumpolar Arctic, including Canada, Greenland, Norway, Russia and the United States; dated location and wild or captive context", "why_it_matters": "Supports geographic plausibility checks and local assessment. [USFWS species account](https://www.fws.gov/species/polar-bear-ursus-maritimus)" }, { "name": "Seasonal sea-ice access", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Accessible ice days per season; distance to suitable ice in km; habitat definition and observation interval", "why_it_matters": "Connects local habitat conditions with opportunities to reach marine prey." }, { "name": "Population abundance and trend", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Estimated individuals with uncertainty interval; trend over a stated period; geographic boundary and method", "why_it_matters": "Prevents incompatible surveys, changing boundaries or sparse observations from producing misleading comparisons." }, { "name": "Dated global conservation assessment", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Verified baseline: IUCN Vulnerable, assessment year 2015; retain assessment source and check for supersession", "why_it_matters": "Records a dated species-level assessment independently of local trends and legal designations. [IUCN Polar Bear Specialist Group](https://www.iucn-pbsg.org/iucn-redlist/)" } ], "affordances": [ "Evaluate a sighting or specimen identification and retain unresolved brown-bear or hybrid alternatives.", "Associate individual observations with dated population boundaries without assuming permanent membership.", "Compare body condition, reproduction and abundance only across compatible methods and demographic groups.", "Identify seasonal feeding access and maternity habitat that require closer monitoring or protection review.", "Route encounters, injured bears and suspected den disturbance to the relevant wildlife authority.", "Determine which jurisdictional permissions and evidence must be checked before proposed monitoring or intervention." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "polar-bear-identity", "name": "Polar bear identity", "description": "Establish the taxon and evaluate whether evidence belongs to it.", "rationale": "Common names, pale bears and hybrid ancestry can produce incorrect species assignments.", "layers": [ { "id": "taxonomic-anchor", "name": "Taxonomic anchor", "description": "Resolve the scientific name and provider records.", "findings": [ { "id": "accepted-species-concept", "name": "Accepted species concept", "description": "Record the accepted binomial, authority, placement and versioned external identifiers; retain unresolved provider discrepancies.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which taxonomic authority supports Ursus maritimus Phipps, 1774 and its placement within Ursidae?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "accepted-species-concept-q01" }, { "text": "Which accepted GBIF record corresponds to NCBI Taxonomy 29073, and which checklist version establishes that mapping?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "accepted-species-concept-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "field-identification", "name": "Field identification", "description": "Assess observations against other bears and possible hybrids.", "findings": [ { "id": "identification-confidence", "name": "Identification confidence", "description": "Combine diagnostic morphology, location and evidence quality without treating pale fur as decisive.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which visible head, neck, ear and paw features support polar bear identification over a pale brown bear?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "identification-confidence-q01" }, { "text": "What conflicting evidence would require expert or genetic review for possible hybrid ancestry?", "kind": "action", "id": "identification-confidence-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "life-history-and-condition", "name": "Life history and condition", "description": "Interpret a bear's state through sex, development and maternal dependency.", "rationale": "Body size, condition and vulnerability depend on demographic and seasonal context.", "layers": [ { "id": "demographic-condition", "name": "Demographic condition", "description": "Separate life stage and sex from measurements of condition.", "findings": [ { "id": "contextual-body-assessment", "name": "Contextual body assessment", "description": "Record sex, age evidence, dependency, mass and condition with methods suitable for comparison.", "questions": [ { "text": "How were sex, age class and independence from the mother established?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "contextual-body-assessment-q01" }, { "text": "Does the condition comparison account for sexual size dimorphism, reproductive state and season?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "contextual-body-assessment-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "maternal-cycle", "name": "Maternal cycle", "description": "Track reproductive evidence, denning and dependent young.", "findings": [ { "id": "maternity-and-cub-dependency", "name": "Maternity and cub dependency", "description": "Represent maternity denning separately from general shelter use and record cub outcomes over time. [USFWS species account](https://www.fws.gov/species/polar-bear-ursus-maritimus)", "questions": [ { "text": "What evidence distinguishes an occupied maternity den from a suspected den or temporary shelter?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "maternity-and-cub-dependency-q01" }, { "text": "When were cub number, dependency and subsequent survival observed, and which outcomes remain unknown?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "maternity-and-cub-dependency-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "arctic-habitat-and-movement", "name": "Arctic habitat and movement", "description": "Connect seasonal locations to usable ice, land and denning habitat.", "rationale": "A range polygon alone cannot describe changing access to feeding and maternity areas.", "layers": [ { "id": "seasonal-ice-access", "name": "Seasonal ice access", "description": "Evaluate sea ice as accessible habitat rather than total regional ice cover.", "findings": [ { "id": "usable-hunting-habitat", "name": "Usable hunting habitat", "description": "Specify how local ice conditions, timing and movement determine access to hunting areas.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which ice conditions count as accessible hunting habitat for this location and season?", "kind": "definition", "id": "usable-hunting-habitat-q01" }, { "text": "How do breakup, freeze-up and distance to usable ice change the bear's access over the observation period?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "usable-hunting-habitat-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "land-and-denning-areas", "name": "Land and denning areas", "description": "Interpret terrestrial occurrences within seasonal movement and reproduction.", "findings": [ { "id": "terrestrial-use-context", "name": "Terrestrial use context", "description": "Distinguish seasonal land use, transit and denning from unsupported conclusions about displacement.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does the terrestrial occurrence represent seasonal residence, transit, denning or an unresolved use?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "terrestrial-use-context-q01" }, { "text": "Which dated observations establish connections between this area, feeding habitat and maternity sites?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "terrestrial-use-context-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "feeding-and-energy-balance", "name": "Feeding and energy balance", "description": "Assess food acquisition and periods without adequate feeding.", "rationale": "Food observations must be interpreted in terms of energy intake and access, not merely dietary variety.", "layers": [ { "id": "prey-and-feeding-evidence", "name": "Prey and feeding evidence", "description": "Distinguish prey availability, hunting and consumption.", "findings": [ { "id": "marine-prey-access", "name": "Marine prey access", "description": "Prioritise evidence about access to ringed and bearded seals while allowing other observed foods. [USFWS species account](https://www.fws.gov/species/polar-bear-ursus-maritimus)", "questions": [ { "text": "Does the record show available prey, an attempted hunt, a kill or confirmed consumption?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "marine-prey-access-q01" }, { "text": "Which prey and feeding observations support an estimate of intake rather than presence alone?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "marine-prey-access-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "fasting-and-reserves", "name": "Fasting and reserves", "description": "Relate feeding interruptions to condition without inventing universal thresholds.", "findings": [ { "id": "energetic-stress-evidence", "name": "Energetic stress evidence", "description": "Separate observed condition change from inferred fasting duration and modelled energy deficit.", "questions": [ { "text": "What evidence bounds the duration of limited feeding, and how does body condition change during it?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "energetic-stress-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence shows whether terrestrial food or scavenging materially offsets reduced seal access for this demographic group?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "energetic-stress-evidence-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "population-and-conservation", "name": "Population and conservation", "description": "Interpret abundance, demographic change and extinction-risk assessments at their proper scales.", "rationale": "Local observations, management units and global assessments answer different questions.", "layers": [ { "id": "population-evidence", "name": "Population evidence", "description": "Attach estimates to explicit boundaries, periods and methods.", "findings": [ { "id": "comparable-population-estimates", "name": "Comparable population estimates", "description": "Distinguish biological populations from administrative units and preserve uncertainty in estimated change.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which boundary version and movement evidence define the population or management unit being assessed?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "comparable-population-estimates-q01" }, { "text": "Are abundance, survival and recruitment estimates comparable in survey method, coverage and observation period?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "comparable-population-estimates-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "risk-and-threat-attribution", "name": "Risk and threat attribution", "description": "Keep dated conservation classifications separate from causal evidence and forecasts.", "findings": [ { "id": "assessment-scope-and-drivers", "name": "Assessment scope and drivers", "description": "Use the verified 2015 Vulnerable assessment as a dated baseline; represent sea-ice-loss projections with their assumptions and uncertainty. [IUCN Polar Bear Specialist Group](https://www.iucn-pbsg.org/iucn-redlist/)", "questions": [ { "text": "Which assessment date, geographic scope and criteria support the reported conservation category?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "assessment-scope-and-drivers-q01" }, { "text": "Which local effects of ice loss, removals, contaminants or disturbance are measured, inferred or projected?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "assessment-scope-and-drivers-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "human-interaction-and-management", "name": "Human interaction and management", "description": "Support accountable decisions where people, infrastructure and polar bears interact.", "rationale": "Encounter response and wildlife intervention require local context, qualified authority and attention to dependent young.", "layers": [ { "id": "encounter-context", "name": "Encounter context", "description": "Describe behaviour, attractants and maternal context before selecting a response.", "findings": [ { "id": "encounter-triage", "name": "Encounter triage", "description": "Record observable encounter conditions without equating proximity with aggression or assuming habituation.", "questions": [ { "text": "What behaviour, distance, food attractants and presence of cubs or a den were actually observed?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "encounter-triage-q01" }, { "text": "Which local response authority and current encounter protocol apply to this location?", "kind": "action", "id": "encounter-triage-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "authorised-monitoring-and-intervention", "name": "Authorised monitoring and intervention", "description": "Link proposed actions to their permissions, evidence and likely effects.", "findings": [ { "id": "action-eligibility", "name": "Action eligibility", "description": "Assess observation, sampling, tagging, deterrence or relocation separately, with jurisdiction, Indigenous rights and maternal risks explicitly considered.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which permissions, responsible organisations and applicable Indigenous governance arrangements govern the proposed action?", "kind": "action", "id": "action-eligibility-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence supports the action's benefit, and how will effects on the bear, dependent cubs and nearby people be evaluated?", "kind": "action", "id": "action-eligibility-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "This is recalled knowledge, not a researched assessment; verify exact GBIF and NCBI identifiers.", "Verify the current IUCN category and assessment year before adding conservation status.", "Body-mass ranges are approximate; verify population-specific measurements and current regional management rules." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of Ursus maritimus this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "International Code of Zoological Nomenclature", "value_or_pattern": "Ursus maritimus Phipps, 1774", "note": "Species name and taxonomic authority; identifies the taxon, not an individual or population." }, { "scheme": "NCBI Taxonomy", "value_or_pattern": "Numeric Taxonomy ID", "note": "The species identifier should be verified before use." }, { "scheme": "GBIF Backbone Taxonomy", "value_or_pattern": "Numeric taxon key", "note": "Verify the accepted species record and its key." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of Ursus maritimus this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature: the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature governs zoological naming.", "Agreement on the Conservation of Polar Bears (1973): the five Arctic range states cooperate on conservation and regulate taking.", "CITES, administered by its Parties: polar bears are listed in Appendix II, regulating international trade in specimens and products." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of Ursus maritimus this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Research on sea-ice ecosystems, predator ecology and responses to environmental change.", "Monitoring body condition, reproduction and survival to assess population health.", "Subsistence and cultural practices of some Arctic Indigenous communities, subject to applicable management arrangements.", "Wildlife tourism and conservation education." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of Ursus maritimus this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Adult male body mass", "typical_range": "Approximately 350-700; varies with season, age and population", "unit": "kg" }, { "quantity": "Adult female body mass", "typical_range": "Approximately 150-300 when not pregnant; pregnant females can be substantially heavier", "unit": "kg" }, { "quantity": "Litter size", "typical_range": "Usually 1-2", "unit": "cubs" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of Ursus maritimus this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Loss and fragmentation of sea ice can reduce access to seals and prolong fasting.", "Poor maternal body condition can impair reproduction and cub survival.", "Persistent contaminants can accumulate through the marine food web.", "Encounters near settlements and food attractants can cause human injury and lethal removal of bears.", "Disturbance of maternity dens can threaten females and dependent cubs." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of Ursus maritimus this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Native range spans Arctic regions of Canada, Greenland, Norway's Svalbard region, Russia and the United States through Alaska.", "Bears in seasonal-ice regions may spend extended periods ashore; movement and feeding opportunities differ where sea ice persists longer.", "Recognized management subpopulations differ in sea-ice conditions, prey availability and demographic trends; these are not separate species." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of Ursus maritimus this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Ursus arctos", "difference": "The brown bear is a distinct, closely related species with broader terrestrial feeding adaptations; hybridization means reproductive compatibility alone does not separate them." }, { "name": "Polar bear subpopulation", "difference": "A geographically and demographically defined portion of Ursus maritimus, rather than the species as a whole." }, { "name": "Individual polar bear", "difference": "A single organism with its own age, sex and condition; species-level conservation assessments do not describe that individual's condition." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of Ursus maritimus this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Which accepted GBIF identifier and checklist release should be linked to the registry, given differing authority strings and records returned by providers?", "Has a published global IUCN assessment superseded the verified 2015 assessment, and which dated source establishes the latest status?", "Which current population boundaries and naming authority should the model use, and how should disputed or changing units be represented?", "Which validated, region-specific condition and fasting measures support management decisions across sexes, ages and reproductive states?", "What identification evidence is sufficient for suspected hybrids, and which local governance rules control intervention and access to sensitive den or community-held observations?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 7, "layers": 13, "findings": 20, "questions": 32 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "organism", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a Ursus maritimus, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an AI agent to recognise Ursus maritimus, interpret evidence about its individuals and populations, and support habitat protection, monitoring and authorised management.", "characteristics": { "substance": "living", "origin": "natural", "agency": "autonomous", "mobility": "self-moving" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Described in 158 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a Ursus maritimus, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "a living thing", "physicalCharacter": [ "Moves under its own power or of its own accord.", "Acts on its own behalf.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Recognised by diagnostic characters, and those differ by life stage - the young of many kinds are mistaken for other kinds entirely. A sighting is settled by characters, a photograph and a place, not by a name alone." ], "relatedModels": [], "standing": "Described in 158 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one Ursus maritimus from another, and a Ursus maritimus from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a Ursus maritimus, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a Ursus maritimus, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a Ursus maritimus is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a Ursus maritimus, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a Ursus maritimus, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a Ursus maritimus is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a Ursus maritimus sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a Ursus maritimus, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a Ursus maritimus, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a Ursus maritimus is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a Ursus maritimus from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a Ursus maritimus, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a Ursus maritimus, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a Ursus maritimus is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a Ursus maritimus is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a Ursus maritimus, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a Ursus maritimus, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a Ursus maritimus is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Anatomy, parts and life stage.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and life stages", "description": "The parts of a Ursus maritimus and the stages it passes through.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a Ursus maritimus, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a Ursus maritimus, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a Ursus maritimus is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a Ursus maritimus is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a Ursus maritimus, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a Ursus maritimus, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a Ursus maritimus is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a Ursus maritimus is, how it got there and where it may go (self-moving).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a Ursus maritimus is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a Ursus maritimus, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a Ursus maritimus, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a Ursus maritimus is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a Ursus maritimus moves on its own.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a Ursus maritimus, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a Ursus maritimus, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a Ursus maritimus is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a Ursus maritimus passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a Ursus maritimus between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a Ursus maritimus, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a Ursus maritimus, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a Ursus maritimus is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a Ursus maritimus, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a Ursus maritimus is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a Ursus maritimus, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a Ursus maritimus, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a Ursus maritimus is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "taxonomic-placement", "name": "Taxonomic placement and identification", "description": "What Ursus maritimus is called scientifically, by whose authority, and how a specimen is recognised.", "rationale": "Names change with revisions while the organism does not, so a name without its authority and date cannot be reconciled later.", "layers": [ { "id": "accepted-name", "name": "Accepted name and synonymy", "description": "The current binomial, its author and date, and the names it replaced.", "findings": [ { "id": "name-and-authority", "name": "Accepted name, authority and synonyms", "description": "What to record so a later revision can be applied without losing the old data.", "questions": [ { "id": "name-and-authority-q01", "text": "What is the accepted scientific name of Ursus maritimus, with its author and year, and which synonyms does it absorb?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "name-and-authority-q02", "text": "Which taxonomic authority is being followed, and what would a competing authority say?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "field-identification", "name": "Field identification", "description": "The characters that separate Ursus maritimus from what it is confused with.", "findings": [ { "id": "diagnostic-characters", "name": "Diagnostic characters and confusable kinds", "description": "Features that settle an identification, and those that only suggest it.", "questions": [ { "id": "diagnostic-characters-q01", "text": "Which observable characters distinguish Ursus maritimus from its closest look-alikes, and at which life stage are they visible?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "diagnostic-characters-q02", "text": "What evidence is enough to record an identification as confirmed rather than provisional?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "life-cycle-and-condition", "name": "Life stages, condition and behaviour", "description": "What Ursus maritimus does over its life and how its state is judged.", "rationale": "Stage and condition change what may be done - handled, treated, harvested, left alone - and both are observations with a time.", "layers": [ { "id": "stages-and-reproduction", "name": "Stages and reproduction", "description": "Development from origin to death, including forms that look like different animals.", "findings": [ { "id": "life-stages", "name": "Life stages and their marks", "description": "The stages worth recording and what tells them apart.", "questions": [ { "id": "life-stages-q01", "text": "What stages does Ursus maritimus pass through, and what observable change marks each transition?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "life-stages-q02", "text": "Which stages are so unlike the adult that they are mistaken for another kind?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "health-and-condition", "name": "Health and condition", "description": "How condition is assessed and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition assessment", "description": "Signs of health, injury and stress, and who is competent to judge them.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "How is the condition of Ursus maritimus judged, on what scale, and by whom?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "What condition obliges an agent to act, and what act is permitted to whom?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "range-and-status", "name": "Habitat, range and conservation status", "description": "Where Ursus maritimus lives and how threatened it is.", "rationale": "Range and status govern what is lawful, and both are assessments with an assessor and a year rather than facts of nature.", "layers": [ { "id": "habitat-and-range", "name": "Habitat and range", "description": "Native range, introductions and the habitat it needs.", "findings": [ { "id": "range-record", "name": "Range, introductions and habitat", "description": "What to record about where it is found and how it got there.", "questions": [ { "id": "range-record-q01", "text": "What is the native range of Ursus maritimus, where has it been introduced, and what habitat does it require?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "range-record-q02", "text": "What distinguishes a native record from an introduced or vagrant one?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "protection-status", "name": "Protection and legal status", "description": "Conservation assessments and the rules that follow from them.", "findings": [ { "id": "status-and-rules", "name": "Conservation status and legal consequence", "description": "The assessment, its date, and what it forbids or requires where.", "questions": [ { "id": "status-and-rules-q01", "text": "What conservation status does Ursus maritimus hold, under which assessment and year?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "status-and-rules-q02", "text": "What does that status forbid or require of an agent, and in which jurisdiction?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a Ursus maritimus came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a Ursus maritimus and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a Ursus maritimus, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a Ursus maritimus, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a Ursus maritimus is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a Ursus maritimus is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a Ursus maritimus, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a Ursus maritimus, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a Ursus maritimus is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 8, "layers": 17, "findings": 19, "questions": 51 } } } }