{ "model": { "rank": 2635, "code": "thing-q34394", "model_id": "vr.tr.belief", "name": "belief", "purpose": "Let an agent handle beliefs respectfully as attitudes people hold, attribute them only on evidence, and represent religious and philosophical positions neutrally.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Cross-cutting context", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "XCT", "domain": "XCT.STA", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q34394/", "tier": 2, "score": 100, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "agama asli Nusantara", "theism", "theistic naturalism", "ditheism", "Diffused monotheism", "henotheism", "pantitheism", "panentheism", "Ietsism", "Classical theism", "dipolar theism", "Dystheism", "liberal theism", "philosophical theism", "skeptical theism", "omnitheism", "monolatrism", "common misconception", "neuromyths about music", "leap of faith", "core beliefs (psychology)", "zeal of the convert", "Ideological roots of the Islamic revolution", "Time in Zarathustra", "Finality of philosophy", "Requiem aeternam deo", "Ginonjing", "Justice in Islam", "Love and compassion in Christianity", "Challenge to the role of religion", "Reason and love", "Religious perennialism", "One God, many names", "Aesthetics of religion", "Rational world", "Liberation theology in Islam", "Pragmatism in the United States", "Creation from nothingness", "Philosophy and love", "Maitri (Hinduism)" ], "aliasCount": 67, "merged": 67, "knownIn": 100, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": "vr.tr.belief", "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q34394", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34394", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-11T05:15:23Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 1, "engine": "claude" }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q34394", "registryId": "vr.tr.belief", "name": "belief", "version": "0.2.0-wave.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "XCT.STA" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q34394/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.belief", "name": "belief", "purpose": "Let an agent handle beliefs respectfully as attitudes people hold, attribute them only on evidence, and represent religious and philosophical positions neutrally.", "definition": "An attitude that something is the case or is true, held with some degree of confidence, including religious and philosophical beliefs such as theism and other worldviews.", "what_it_is_for": "Beliefs guide action and form part of identity and culture.", "affordances": [ "hold, express and change it", "study it, in philosophy, psychology and religious studies", "protect its freedom, under human rights law", "discuss it respectfully" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "An attitude toward a proposition", "Held with varying confidence", "Religious and non-religious beliefs are protected", "Distinct from knowledge, which requires truth and justification" ], "appearance": "Not visible; expressed in statements, practices and affiliations.", "visual_identification": [ "Statements of belief and creeds", "Religious practices and symbols", "Affiliation does not prove individual belief" ], "physical_properties": [], "families_and_kinds": [ "factual and evaluative beliefs", "religious beliefs: theism, henotheism, indigenous religions such as agama asli Nusantara", "philosophical worldviews such as naturalism", "non-belief" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is related to", "target": "thought", "why": "mental state" }, { "relation": "is confused with", "target": "knowledge", "why": "justified true belief" }, { "relation": "is protected by", "target": "freedom of thought, conscience and religion", "why": "human right" }, { "relation": "is expressed in", "target": "human behavior", "why": "practice" } ], "identifiers": [], "standards_and_regulation": [ "ICCPR Article 18 and ECHR Article 9", "Equality law on religion or belief", "Data protection law treating religious belief as special category data" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Attributing beliefs to people from affiliation", "Disrespectful or partisan descriptions of religions", "Processing belief data without a lawful basis" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "content", "name": "Content", "description": "What is believed.", "rationale": "The content must be stated accurately.", "layers": [ { "id": "proposition", "name": "Proposition", "description": "The claim held.", "findings": [ { "id": "proposition-finding", "name": "Content", "description": "What is believed.", "questions": [ { "text": "What exactly is believed?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "How is it expressed by those who hold it?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "tradition", "name": "Tradition", "description": "Religious or philosophical tradition.", "findings": [ { "id": "tradition-finding", "name": "Tradition", "description": "The tradition.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which tradition does the belief belong to?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "How do its adherents describe it?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "holding", "name": "Holding", "description": "Who believes and how strongly.", "rationale": "Attribution needs evidence.", "layers": [ { "id": "attribution", "name": "Attribution", "description": "Who holds it.", "findings": [ { "id": "attribution-finding", "name": "Attribution", "description": "Evidence of holding.", "questions": [ { "text": "On what evidence is this belief attributed to this person or group?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Could the attribution be wrong?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "confidence", "name": "Confidence", "description": "Degree of belief.", "findings": [ { "id": "confidence-finding", "name": "Confidence", "description": "Strength of belief.", "questions": [ { "text": "How strongly is it held?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "text": "Is it open to revision?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "rights", "name": "Rights", "description": "Freedom of belief.", "rationale": "Belief is protected.", "layers": [ { "id": "freedom", "name": "Freedom", "description": "Human rights.", "findings": [ { "id": "freedom-finding", "name": "Protection", "description": "Legal protection.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which protections apply to holding and expressing this belief?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "text": "What limits on manifestation are lawful?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "equality", "name": "Equality", "description": "Discrimination.", "findings": [ { "id": "equality-finding", "name": "Non-discrimination", "description": "Protection from discrimination.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is someone being treated unfairly because of belief?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "text": "Where can they seek redress?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "handling", "name": "Handling", "description": "Discussing beliefs.", "rationale": "Agents must be neutral and accurate.", "layers": [ { "id": "neutrality", "name": "Neutrality", "description": "Balanced descriptions.", "findings": [ { "id": "neutrality-finding", "name": "Neutrality", "description": "How to describe.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is this description fair to adherents and critics?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "text": "Which sources represent the tradition itself?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "data", "name": "Data", "description": "Special category data.", "findings": [ { "id": "data-finding", "name": "Data rules", "description": "Rules on belief data.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is belief data being processed, and on what lawful basis?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "text": "Should it be withheld?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should religions and worldviews be separate entries?", "How should agents describe beliefs neutrally?", "How should belief data be protected?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "abstract concept", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a belief, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Let an agent handle beliefs respectfully as attitudes people hold, attribute them only on evidence, and represent religious and philosophical positions neutrally.", "characteristics": { "substance": "abstract", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: agama asli Nusantara, theism, theistic naturalism, ditheism, Diffused monotheism, henotheism, pantitheism, panentheism, Ietsism, Classical theism, dipolar theism, Dystheism.", "67 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 100 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a belief, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "an abstraction with no physical instance", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see. What is recognised is an instance of it, and which instances count is exactly what is argued about." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "agama asli Nusantara", "theism", "theistic naturalism", "ditheism", "Diffused monotheism", "henotheism", "pantitheism", "panentheism", "Ietsism", "Classical theism", "dipolar theism", "Dystheism" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 100 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 67 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one belief from another, and a belief from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a belief, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a belief, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a belief is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a belief, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a belief, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a belief is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a belief sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a belief, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a belief, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a belief is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a belief from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a belief, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a belief, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a belief is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a belief passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a belief between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a belief, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a belief, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a belief is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a belief, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a belief is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a belief, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a belief, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a belief is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "definitions-in-contest", "name": "Definitions and who holds them", "description": "What belief is taken to mean, and by whom.", "rationale": "When a field disagrees about a concept, the disagreement is the content. A model that picks one definition silently destroys the information.", "layers": [ { "id": "competing-definitions", "name": "Competing definitions", "description": "The main readings and the traditions behind them.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-map", "name": "Definitions and their holders", "description": "Each definition with the school or body that holds it.", "questions": [ { "id": "definition-map-q01", "text": "Which definitions of belief are in use, and which tradition or body holds each?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "definition-map-q02", "text": "What turns on the difference between them in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "operationalisation", "name": "Operationalisation", "description": "How it is measured or applied when it has to be.", "findings": [ { "id": "operational-record", "name": "Measures and proxies", "description": "Instruments and indicators used to stand in for it.", "questions": [ { "id": "operational-record-q01", "text": "How is belief operationalised or measured in practice, and by what instrument?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "operational-record-q02", "text": "What does that operationalisation leave out, and when does that matter?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "instances-and-use", "name": "Instances, use and consequence", "description": "What counts as an instance of belief and what follows from calling something that.", "rationale": "Applying a concept is an act with consequences, so a model must say what the label licenses and what it does not.", "layers": [ { "id": "instances", "name": "What counts as an instance", "description": "Clear cases, borderline cases and non-cases.", "findings": [ { "id": "instance-tests", "name": "Tests for an instance", "description": "What would settle whether something falls under it.", "questions": [ { "id": "instance-tests-q01", "text": "What would settle whether something is an instance of belief?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "instance-tests-q02", "text": "Which borderline cases are argued about, and on what grounds?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "consequence", "name": "Consequence of application", "description": "Rights, duties or decisions that follow from the label.", "findings": [ { "id": "consequence-record", "name": "What the label licenses", "description": "What an agent may do once something is classified this way.", "questions": [ { "id": "consequence-record-q01", "text": "What follows practically once something is treated as belief?", "kind": "action" }, { "id": "consequence-record-q02", "text": "What must an agent not infer from the label alone?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a belief came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a belief and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a belief, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a belief, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a belief is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a belief is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a belief, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a belief, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a belief is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 10, "findings": 12, "questions": 32 } } } }