{ "model": { "rank": 5480, "code": "thing-q3481047", "model_id": "vr.tr.ratio", "name": "ratio", "purpose": "Let an agent state ratios with their numerator, denominator and units, and avoid confusing ratios with rates, proportions and percentages.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Cross-cutting context", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "XCT", "domain": "XCT.REL", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q3481047/", "tier": 2, "score": 67, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "factor of safety", "waist-to-height ratio", "financial ratio", "Tenör", "qualification ratio", "profit margin", "debt ratio", "leverage ratio", "solvency ratio", "Accounting rate of return", "Invested capital", "Risk return ratio", "Home ownership rate", "Bejan number for entropy", "Bejan number", "isoperm", "Net interest margin", "net profit margin", "molar action", "transistor density", "bit rate", "gyromagnetic ratio", "molar energy", "rotation", "cloud cover", "bit error rate", "variable bitrate", "constant bitrate", "download speed", "Committed Information Rate", "upload speed", "average bitrate", "data signaling rate", "switching fabric bandwidth", "molar quantity", "molar ionization energy", "spin count", "Viterbi error rate", "packing density", "ratio of two quantities of the same kind" ], "aliasCount": 145, "merged": 146, "knownIn": 67, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": "vr.tr.ratio", "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q3481047", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3481047", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-11T04:35:51Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 1, "engine": "claude" }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q3481047", "registryId": "vr.tr.ratio", "name": "ratio", "version": "0.2.0-wave.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "XCT.REL" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q3481047/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.ratio", "name": "ratio", "purpose": "Let an agent state ratios with their numerator, denominator and units, and avoid confusing ratios with rates, proportions and percentages.", "definition": "A relationship between two quantities expressing how many times one contains the other, written as a:b or as a quotient.", "what_it_is_for": "Comparing quantities, scaling recipes and designs, and expressing financial and technical measures.", "affordances": [ "compute it, from two quantities", "simplify or scale it", "express it as a fraction, decimal or percentage", "compare ratios, provided they are defined the same way" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Compares two quantities; the order matters", "Dimensionless when both quantities have the same unit", "A proportion compares a part to the whole; a ratio can compare any two quantities", "Named ratios have definitions that differ between sources" ], "appearance": "Written as 3:1, 3/1, 3 to 1 or 0.75; financial and technical ratios have names such as debt ratio or factor of safety.", "visual_identification": [ "A colon between numbers, or a named ratio", "Aspect ratios, gear ratios and odds use the same notation", "Percentages are ratios with denominator 100" ], "physical_properties": [], "families_and_kinds": [ "part-to-part and part-to-whole ratios", "financial ratios: debt ratio, profit margin", "technical ratios: gear ratio, factor of safety, aspect ratio", "health ratios: waist-to-height ratio" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "mathematical relation", "why": "a comparison of quantities" }, { "relation": "is confused with", "target": "rate", "why": "a rate compares quantities of different kinds, often over time" }, { "relation": "is expressed as", "target": "percentage", "why": "a ratio scaled to 100" }, { "relation": "is used in", "target": "financial analysis", "why": "many named ratios" } ], "identifiers": [], "standards_and_regulation": [ "ISO 80000-1 on quantities of dimension one", "Accounting standards and regulator definitions for financial ratios" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Reversing numerator and denominator", "Comparing ratios with different definitions", "Dividing by a small or zero denominator" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "definition", "name": "Definition", "description": "What is compared to what.", "rationale": "A ratio without its terms is uninterpretable.", "layers": [ { "id": "terms", "name": "Terms", "description": "Numerator and denominator.", "findings": [ { "id": "terms-finding", "name": "Ratio terms", "description": "The two quantities and their order.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which quantity is compared to which?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Are both in the same unit?", "kind": "measurement" } ] } ] }, { "id": "named", "name": "Named ratio definition", "description": "Standard definitions.", "findings": [ { "id": "named-finding", "name": "Definition source", "description": "The source of the definition.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which definition of this named ratio is used, and from which source?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "How does it differ from other common definitions?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "calculation", "name": "Calculation", "description": "Computing and expressing.", "rationale": "How a ratio is computed and presented changes how it is read.", "layers": [ { "id": "compute", "name": "Computation", "description": "Data and method.", "findings": [ { "id": "compute-finding", "name": "Computation", "description": "The data and period used.", "questions": [ { "text": "From which data and period is it computed?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "What happens if the denominator is near zero?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "express", "name": "Expression", "description": "Fraction, decimal, percentage or a:b.", "findings": [ { "id": "express-finding", "name": "Presentation", "description": "How it is expressed.", "questions": [ { "text": "In which form is the ratio expressed?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Could the form mislead readers?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "comparison", "name": "Comparison", "description": "Comparing ratios.", "rationale": "Comparisons are only valid between ratios defined the same way.", "layers": [ { "id": "benchmark", "name": "Benchmarks", "description": "Typical values.", "findings": [ { "id": "benchmark-finding", "name": "Benchmark values", "description": "Reference values and their source.", "questions": [ { "text": "What value is typical, and in which population?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "text": "Is the benchmark defined the same way?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "trend", "name": "Trends", "description": "Change over time.", "findings": [ { "id": "trend-finding", "name": "Trend analysis", "description": "How the ratio changed.", "questions": [ { "text": "How has the ratio changed over time?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "text": "Did the definition change during the series?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "use", "name": "Use", "description": "Decisions based on ratios.", "rationale": "Ratios drive credit, safety and design decisions.", "layers": [ { "id": "decision", "name": "Decision rule", "description": "Thresholds.", "findings": [ { "id": "decision-finding", "name": "Threshold used", "description": "The threshold and who set it.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which threshold applies to this ratio, and who set it?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "What decision follows from crossing it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "limits", "name": "Limits", "description": "What the ratio hides.", "findings": [ { "id": "limits-finding", "name": "Blind spots", "description": "What the ratio does not show.", "questions": [ { "text": "What does this ratio fail to capture?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "text": "Which other measures should accompany it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should named ratios be separate entries with formal definitions?", "How should agents report the definition used for a financial ratio?", "How should ratios with near-zero denominators be flagged?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "abstract concept", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a ratio, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Let an agent state ratios with their numerator, denominator and units, and avoid confusing ratios with rates, proportions and percentages.", "characteristics": { "substance": "abstract", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: factor of safety, waist-to-height ratio, financial ratio, Tenör, qualification ratio, profit margin, debt ratio, leverage ratio, solvency ratio, Accounting rate of return, Invested capital, Risk return ratio.", "146 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 67 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a ratio, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "an abstraction with no physical instance", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see. What is recognised is an instance of it, and which instances count is exactly what is argued about." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "factor of safety", "waist-to-height ratio", "financial ratio", "Tenör", "qualification ratio", "profit margin", "debt ratio", "leverage ratio", "solvency ratio", "Accounting rate of return", "Invested capital", "Risk return ratio" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 67 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 146 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one ratio from another, and a ratio from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a ratio, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a ratio, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a ratio is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a ratio, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a ratio, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a ratio is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a ratio sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a ratio, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a ratio, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a ratio is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a ratio from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a ratio, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a ratio, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a ratio is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a ratio passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a ratio between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a ratio, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a ratio, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a ratio is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a ratio, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a ratio is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a ratio, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a ratio, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a ratio is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "definitions-in-contest", "name": "Definitions and who holds them", "description": "What ratio is taken to mean, and by whom.", "rationale": "When a field disagrees about a concept, the disagreement is the content. A model that picks one definition silently destroys the information.", "layers": [ { "id": "competing-definitions", "name": "Competing definitions", "description": "The main readings and the traditions behind them.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-map", "name": "Definitions and their holders", "description": "Each definition with the school or body that holds it.", "questions": [ { "id": "definition-map-q01", "text": "Which definitions of ratio are in use, and which tradition or body holds each?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "definition-map-q02", "text": "What turns on the difference between them in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "operationalisation", "name": "Operationalisation", "description": "How it is measured or applied when it has to be.", "findings": [ { "id": "operational-record", "name": "Measures and proxies", "description": "Instruments and indicators used to stand in for it.", "questions": [ { "id": "operational-record-q01", "text": "How is ratio operationalised or measured in practice, and by what instrument?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "operational-record-q02", "text": "What does that operationalisation leave out, and when does that matter?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "instances-and-use", "name": "Instances, use and consequence", "description": "What counts as an instance of ratio and what follows from calling something that.", "rationale": "Applying a concept is an act with consequences, so a model must say what the label licenses and what it does not.", "layers": [ { "id": "instances", "name": "What counts as an instance", "description": "Clear cases, borderline cases and non-cases.", "findings": [ { "id": "instance-tests", "name": "Tests for an instance", "description": "What would settle whether something falls under it.", "questions": [ { "id": "instance-tests-q01", "text": "What would settle whether something is an instance of ratio?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "instance-tests-q02", "text": "Which borderline cases are argued about, and on what grounds?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "consequence", "name": "Consequence of application", "description": "Rights, duties or decisions that follow from the label.", "findings": [ { "id": "consequence-record", "name": "What the label licenses", "description": "What an agent may do once something is classified this way.", "questions": [ { "id": "consequence-record-q01", "text": "What follows practically once something is treated as ratio?", "kind": "action" }, { "id": "consequence-record-q02", "text": "What must an agent not infer from the label alone?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a ratio came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a ratio and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a ratio, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a ratio, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a ratio is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a ratio is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a ratio, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a ratio, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a ratio is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 10, "findings": 12, "questions": 32 } } } }