{ "model": { "rank": 452, "code": "thing-q362", "model_id": "vr.tr.world-war-ii", "name": "World War II", "purpose": "Let an agent explain the Second World War in outline, relay its causes, course, theatres and consequences from historical sources with attribution, describe specific campaigns and events on request, and present contested interpretations neutrally, without glorifying violence or providing operational military detail.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Activities and processes", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "ACT", "domain": "ACT.ACT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q362/", "tier": 2, "score": 291, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "evacuation of Polish people from the USSR in World War II", "Kokoda Track campaign", "Operation Mo" ], "aliasCount": 3, "merged": 3, "knownIn": 291, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q362", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q362", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-13T05:36:56Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 3, "engine": "claude" }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q362", "registryId": "vr.tr.world-war-ii", "name": "World War II", "version": "0.2.0-wave.3", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "ACT.ACT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q362/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.world-war-ii", "name": "World War II", "purpose": "Let an agent explain the Second World War in outline, relay its causes, course, theatres and consequences from historical sources with attribution, describe specific campaigns and events on request, and present contested interpretations neutrally, without glorifying violence or providing operational military detail.", "definition": "A global war from 1939 to 1945 between the Allies, led by the United Kingdom, the Soviet Union, the United States and China, and the Axis powers of Germany, Italy and Japan, the deadliest conflict in history with an estimated 70 to 85 million deaths, encompassing the European, Pacific and other theatres and campaigns such as the Kokoda Track campaign in New Guinea and Japan s Operation Mo, mass atrocities including the Holocaust, and vast population movements such as the evacuation of Polish people from the Soviet Union; the war ended with Allied victory and reshaped the international order.", "what_it_is_for": "Not applicable; a historical event.", "affordances": [ "explain outline and causes", "relay course and theatres", "describe consequences", "present debates neutrally" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Global scale", "Total war", "Genocide and atrocities", "New world order" ], "appearance": "Not a visible object; a historical war.", "visual_identification": [ "Global war of 1939 to 1945", "European and Pacific theatres, campaigns such as Kokoda and Operation Mo, the Holocaust, population movements such as the Polish evacuation from the USSR", "The First World War preceded it; the Cold War followed; the Second Sino-Japanese War began earlier and merged into it" ], "physical_properties": [ { "quantity": "duration", "typical_range": "1939-1945", "unit": "period", "note": "Europe from September 1939" }, { "quantity": "deaths", "typical_range": "about 70-85", "unit": "million", "note": "estimates" }, { "quantity": "Holocaust victims", "typical_range": "about 6", "unit": "million Jews", "note": "plus millions of others" }, { "quantity": "participating countries", "typical_range": "most of the world", "unit": "note", "note": "" } ], "families_and_kinds": [ "the European theatre including the Eastern and Western fronts", "the Pacific and Asian theatres including the Kokoda Track campaign and Operation Mo", "the Mediterranean and African theatres", "the war at sea and in the air", "the Holocaust and other atrocities", "home fronts, occupation and population movements such as the evacuation of Polish people from the USSR" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "war", "why": "in registry terms" }, { "relation": "was fought between", "target": "Allies of World War II", "why": "and the Axis powers" }, { "relation": "included", "target": "the Holocaust", "why": "as genocide" }, { "relation": "was followed by", "target": "Cold War", "why": "and the United Nations" } ], "identifiers": [], "standards_and_regulation": [ "Post-war treaties and the UN Charter", "Nuremberg and Tokyo tribunal principles", "Geneva Conventions of 1949 shaped by the war", "Laws on Holocaust denial in some countries" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Presenting national narratives as the only account", "Minimising atrocities or denial", "Agents providing operational military detail", "Glorification of violence" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "understand", "name": "Understand", "description": "What the war was.", "rationale": "Attribution.", "layers": [ { "id": "outline", "name": "Outline", "description": "Outline.", "findings": [ { "id": "outline-finding", "name": "Outline", "description": "Outline.", "questions": [ { "text": "What was the Second World War, who fought it, and how did it unfold in outline, as historians describe?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Is the question about the war in general, a theatre, a campaign, an event or a contested interpretation?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "causes", "name": "Causes", "description": "Causes.", "findings": [ { "id": "causes-finding", "name": "Causes", "description": "Causes.", "questions": [ { "text": "What were the causes of the war, with historiographic debates attributed?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Which entry fits the specific cause?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "course", "name": "Course", "description": "Course and theatres.", "rationale": "Attribution.", "layers": [ { "id": "europe", "name": "Europe", "description": "Europe and the Atlantic.", "findings": [ { "id": "europe-finding", "name": "Europe", "description": "Europe.", "questions": [ { "text": "How did the war in Europe develop from 1939 to 1945?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which references are standard?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "pacific", "name": "Pacific", "description": "Asia and the Pacific.", "findings": [ { "id": "pacific-finding", "name": "Pacific", "description": "Pacific.", "questions": [ { "text": "How did the war in Asia and the Pacific develop, including campaigns such as Kokoda and Operation Mo?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits the specific campaign?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "people", "name": "People", "description": "People and atrocities.", "rationale": "Attribution.", "layers": [ { "id": "holocaust", "name": "Holocaust", "description": "The Holocaust and atrocities.", "findings": [ { "id": "holocaust-finding", "name": "Holocaust", "description": "Holocaust.", "questions": [ { "text": "What were the Holocaust and other atrocities, as documented by historians and tribunals?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Is the presentation accurate and free of denial or minimisation?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "civilians", "name": "Civilians", "description": "Civilians and displacement.", "findings": [ { "id": "civilians-finding", "name": "Civilians", "description": "Civilians.", "questions": [ { "text": "How did the war affect civilians through occupation, bombing and displacement, including the evacuation of Polish people from the USSR?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which sources are cited?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "context", "name": "Context", "description": "Consequences and memory.", "rationale": "Context.", "layers": [ { "id": "consequences", "name": "Consequences", "description": "Consequences.", "findings": [ { "id": "consequences-finding", "name": "Consequences", "description": "Consequences.", "questions": [ { "text": "How did the war reshape borders, institutions and the world order?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits the aftermath of World War II?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "memory", "name": "Memory", "description": "Memory and debate.", "findings": [ { "id": "memory-finding", "name": "Memory", "description": "Memory.", "questions": [ { "text": "How is the war remembered differently across countries, and what debates persist, with positions attributed?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Is the presentation neutral?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should the theatres and the Holocaust be linked as primary entries?", "How should historical sources be linked?", "The registry entry has merged aliases naming specific campaigns and events; should they be split off?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "abstract concept", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a World War II, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Let an agent explain the Second World War in outline, relay its causes, course, theatres and consequences from historical sources with attribution, describe specific campaigns and events on request, and present contested interpretations neutrally, without glorifying violence or providing operational military detail.", "characteristics": { "substance": "activity", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: evacuation of Polish people from the USSR in World War II, Kokoda Track campaign, Operation Mo.", "3 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 291 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a World War II, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "something that happens over time", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see. What is recognised is an instance of it, and which instances count is exactly what is argued about." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "evacuation of Polish people from the USSR in World War II", "Kokoda Track campaign", "Operation Mo" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 291 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 3 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one World War II from another, and a World War II from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a World War II, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a World War II, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a World War II is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a World War II, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a World War II, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a World War II is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a World War II sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a World War II, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a World War II, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a World War II is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a World War II from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a World War II, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a World War II, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a World War II is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a World War II passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a World War II between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a World War II, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a World War II, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a World War II is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a World War II, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a World War II is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a World War II, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a World War II, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a World War II is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "process-and-outcome", "name": "Process, inputs and outcome", "description": "How a World War II proceeds, what it needs and what it leaves behind.", "rationale": "An activity is known by its steps and its results, and both have to be recordable while it is still running.", "layers": [ { "id": "steps-and-sequence", "name": "Steps and sequence", "description": "The steps of a World War II, their order and what may run in parallel.", "findings": [ { "id": "steps-and-preconditions", "name": "Steps, preconditions and completion", "description": "What has to be true before each step of a World War II and what marks it done.", "questions": [ { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a step of a World War II, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a step of a World War II, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a step of a World War II is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-results", "name": "Inputs, resources and results", "description": "What a World War II consumes and what it produces.", "findings": [ { "id": "inputs-and-outputs", "name": "Inputs, outputs and side effects", "description": "The resources a World War II takes and the results it leaves, wanted or not.", "questions": [ { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the inputs and results of a World War II, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the inputs and results of a World War II, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the inputs and results of a World War II is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "definitions-in-contest", "name": "Definitions and who holds them", "description": "What World War II is taken to mean, and by whom.", "rationale": "When a field disagrees about a concept, the disagreement is the content. A model that picks one definition silently destroys the information.", "layers": [ { "id": "competing-definitions", "name": "Competing definitions", "description": "The main readings and the traditions behind them.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-map", "name": "Definitions and their holders", "description": "Each definition with the school or body that holds it.", "questions": [ { "id": "definition-map-q01", "text": "Which definitions of World War II are in use, and which tradition or body holds each?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "definition-map-q02", "text": "What turns on the difference between them in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "operationalisation", "name": "Operationalisation", "description": "How it is measured or applied when it has to be.", "findings": [ { "id": "operational-record", "name": "Measures and proxies", "description": "Instruments and indicators used to stand in for it.", "questions": [ { "id": "operational-record-q01", "text": "How is World War II operationalised or measured in practice, and by what instrument?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "operational-record-q02", "text": "What does that operationalisation leave out, and when does that matter?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "instances-and-use", "name": "Instances, use and consequence", "description": "What counts as an instance of World War II and what follows from calling something that.", "rationale": "Applying a concept is an act with consequences, so a model must say what the label licenses and what it does not.", "layers": [ { "id": "instances", "name": "What counts as an instance", "description": "Clear cases, borderline cases and non-cases.", "findings": [ { "id": "instance-tests", "name": "Tests for an instance", "description": "What would settle whether something falls under it.", "questions": [ { "id": "instance-tests-q01", "text": "What would settle whether something is an instance of World War II?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "instance-tests-q02", "text": "Which borderline cases are argued about, and on what grounds?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "consequence", "name": "Consequence of application", "description": "Rights, duties or decisions that follow from the label.", "findings": [ { "id": "consequence-record", "name": "What the label licenses", "description": "What an agent may do once something is classified this way.", "questions": [ { "id": "consequence-record-q01", "text": "What follows practically once something is treated as World War II?", "kind": "action" }, { "id": "consequence-record-q02", "text": "What must an agent not infer from the label alone?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a World War II came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a World War II and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a World War II, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a World War II, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a World War II is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a World War II is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a World War II, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a World War II, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a World War II is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 12, "findings": 14, "questions": 38 } } } }