{ "model": { "rank": 14725, "code": "thing-q369157", "model_id": "vr.tr.meningioma", "name": "meningioma", "purpose": "Let an agent explain meningiomas and their types, sites and causes, relay general information on diagnosis, treatment and prognosis from health bodies, support patients and families in understanding care, and route personal medical questions to clinicians.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Cross-cutting context", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "XCT", "domain": "XCT.STA", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q369157/", "tier": 2, "score": 35, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "radiation-induced meningioma", "metastatic meningioma", "posterior cranial fossa meningioma", "anterior cranial fossa meningioma", "middle cranial fossa meningioma", "jugular foramen meningioma", "pediatric meningioma", "malignant leptomeningeal tumor", "familial meningioma", "Malignant meningioma", "meninges hemangiopericytoma", "cavernous sinus meningioma", "foramen magnum meningioma", "suprasellar meningioma", "pineal region meningioma", "intraorbital meningioma", "anaplastic malignant intracranial meningioma", "brain meningioma", "spinal meningioma", "intraventricular meningioma", "clear cell meningioma", "benign meningioma", "secretory meningioma", "lymphoplasmacyte-rich meningioma", "microcystic meningioma", "rhabdoid meningioma", "cerebral meningioma", "angiomatous meningioma", "psammomatous meningioma", "fibrous meningioma", "meningothelial meningioma", "transitional meningioma", "petrous apex meningioma", "Gasserian ganglion meningioma", "parapharyngeal meningioma", "deletion of short arm of chromosome 1 (1p) associated meningioma", "relapsed meningioma", "deletion of chromosome 22 associated meningioma", "multiple meningiomas", "adult meningioma" ], "aliasCount": 49, "merged": 49, "knownIn": 35, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q369157", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q369157", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-12T04:14:57Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 2, "engine": "claude" }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q369157", "registryId": "vr.tr.meningioma", "name": "meningioma", "version": "0.2.0-wave.2", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "XCT.STA" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q369157/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.meningioma", "name": "meningioma", "purpose": "Let an agent explain meningiomas and their types, sites and causes, relay general information on diagnosis, treatment and prognosis from health bodies, support patients and families in understanding care, and route personal medical questions to clinicians.", "definition": "A tumour arising from the meninges, the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord, the most common primary tumour of the central nervous system, usually benign and slow-growing but sometimes atypical or malignant, occurring at sites such as the anterior, middle and posterior cranial fossae and the jugular foramen, and occasionally after radiation exposure; meningiomas are found incidentally or through symptoms from pressure on the brain, and are managed by observation, surgery or radiotherapy under clinical guidelines.", "what_it_is_for": "Tumours of the membranes around the brain and spinal cord.", "affordances": [ "explain types and sites", "relay diagnosis and treatment information", "support understanding of care", "route personal questions" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Meningeal origin", "Mostly benign", "Site-specific effects", "Graded classification" ], "appearance": "Not physical as a concept; masses seen on imaging.", "visual_identification": [ "Tumour of the meninges", "Usually benign and slow-growing", "Gliomas arise from brain tissue; metastases come from elsewhere" ], "physical_properties": [], "families_and_kinds": [ "benign grade one meningiomas", "atypical meningiomas", "anaplastic or malignant meningiomas", "meningiomas by site such as cranial fossae and jugular foramen", "radiation-induced meningiomas" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "meningeal neoplasm", "why": "category" }, { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "central nervous system cancer", "why": "category" }, { "relation": "is related to", "target": "neurology", "why": "the specialty involved" }, { "relation": "is related to", "target": "gyrus", "why": "brain regions affected by pressure" } ], "identifiers": [], "standards_and_regulation": [ "Tumour classification and grading systems", "Clinical guidelines for meningioma management", "Neuroimaging standards" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Agents giving personal diagnostic or treatment advice", "Confusing benign and malignant forms", "Outdated treatment information" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "understand", "name": "Understand", "description": "What meningiomas are.", "rationale": "General information.", "layers": [ { "id": "nature", "name": "Nature", "description": "Nature and grades.", "findings": [ { "id": "nature-finding", "name": "Nature", "description": "Nature.", "questions": [ { "text": "What are meningiomas, how are they graded, and why are most benign?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Is the user asking about their own diagnosis, which needs their care team?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "causes", "name": "Causes", "description": "Causes and sites.", "findings": [ { "id": "causes-finding", "name": "Causes", "description": "Causes.", "questions": [ { "text": "What risk factors such as radiation and genetics are known, and how do symptoms depend on site?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits a specific site?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "care", "name": "Care", "description": "Diagnosis and treatment.", "rationale": "Guidelines.", "layers": [ { "id": "diagnosis", "name": "Diagnosis", "description": "Diagnosis.", "findings": [ { "id": "diagnosis-finding", "name": "Diagnosis", "description": "Diagnosis.", "questions": [ { "text": "How are meningiomas diagnosed with imaging and biopsy, according to guidelines?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits neuroimaging?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "treatment", "name": "Treatment", "description": "Treatment.", "findings": [ { "id": "treatment-finding", "name": "Treatment", "description": "Treatment.", "questions": [ { "text": "How are meningiomas managed by observation, surgery or radiotherapy, in general terms?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Is urgent care needed now, for example with new neurological symptoms?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "live", "name": "Live", "description": "Living with a meningioma.", "rationale": "Support.", "layers": [ { "id": "prognosis", "name": "Prognosis", "description": "Prognosis and follow-up.", "findings": [ { "id": "prognosis-finding", "name": "Prognosis", "description": "Prognosis.", "questions": [ { "text": "What do health bodies say about prognosis, recurrence and follow-up in general terms?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits cancer follow-up?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "support", "name": "Support", "description": "Support.", "findings": [ { "id": "support-finding", "name": "Support", "description": "Support.", "questions": [ { "text": "What support organisations exist for people with brain tumours?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Is someone in crisis, needing urgent help?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "learn", "name": "Learn", "description": "Epidemiology and research.", "rationale": "Education.", "layers": [ { "id": "epidemiology", "name": "Epidemiology", "description": "Epidemiology.", "findings": [ { "id": "epidemiology-finding", "name": "Epidemiology", "description": "Epidemiology.", "questions": [ { "text": "How common are meningiomas, and how do age and sex affect incidence?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which references are standard?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "research", "name": "Research", "description": "Research.", "findings": [ { "id": "research-finding", "name": "Research", "description": "Research.", "questions": [ { "text": "What research is under way on meningioma genetics and treatment, and which findings are uncertain?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which misconceptions arise?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should each grade be a separate entry?", "How should guidelines be linked?", "How should patient organisations be linked?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "abstract concept", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a meningioma, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Let an agent explain meningiomas and their types, sites and causes, relay general information on diagnosis, treatment and prognosis from health bodies, support patients and families in understanding care, and route personal medical questions to clinicians.", "characteristics": { "substance": "abstract", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: radiation-induced meningioma, metastatic meningioma, posterior cranial fossa meningioma, anterior cranial fossa meningioma, middle cranial fossa meningioma, jugular foramen meningioma, pediatric meningioma, malignant leptomeningeal tumor, familial meningioma, Malignant meningioma, meninges hemangiopericytoma, cavernous sinus meningioma.", "49 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 35 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a meningioma, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "an abstraction with no physical instance", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see. What is recognised is an instance of it, and which instances count is exactly what is argued about." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "radiation-induced meningioma", "metastatic meningioma", "posterior cranial fossa meningioma", "anterior cranial fossa meningioma", "middle cranial fossa meningioma", "jugular foramen meningioma", "pediatric meningioma", "malignant leptomeningeal tumor", "familial meningioma", "Malignant meningioma", "meninges hemangiopericytoma", "cavernous sinus meningioma" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 35 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 49 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one meningioma from another, and a meningioma from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a meningioma, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a meningioma, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a meningioma is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a meningioma, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a meningioma, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a meningioma is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a meningioma sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a meningioma, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a meningioma, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a meningioma is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a meningioma from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a meningioma, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a meningioma, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a meningioma is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a meningioma passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a meningioma between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a meningioma, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a meningioma, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a meningioma is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a meningioma, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a meningioma is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a meningioma, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a meningioma, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a meningioma is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "definitions-in-contest", "name": "Definitions and who holds them", "description": "What meningioma is taken to mean, and by whom.", "rationale": "When a field disagrees about a concept, the disagreement is the content. A model that picks one definition silently destroys the information.", "layers": [ { "id": "competing-definitions", "name": "Competing definitions", "description": "The main readings and the traditions behind them.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-map", "name": "Definitions and their holders", "description": "Each definition with the school or body that holds it.", "questions": [ { "id": "definition-map-q01", "text": "Which definitions of meningioma are in use, and which tradition or body holds each?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "definition-map-q02", "text": "What turns on the difference between them in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "operationalisation", "name": "Operationalisation", "description": "How it is measured or applied when it has to be.", "findings": [ { "id": "operational-record", "name": "Measures and proxies", "description": "Instruments and indicators used to stand in for it.", "questions": [ { "id": "operational-record-q01", "text": "How is meningioma operationalised or measured in practice, and by what instrument?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "operational-record-q02", "text": "What does that operationalisation leave out, and when does that matter?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "instances-and-use", "name": "Instances, use and consequence", "description": "What counts as an instance of meningioma and what follows from calling something that.", "rationale": "Applying a concept is an act with consequences, so a model must say what the label licenses and what it does not.", "layers": [ { "id": "instances", "name": "What counts as an instance", "description": "Clear cases, borderline cases and non-cases.", "findings": [ { "id": "instance-tests", "name": "Tests for an instance", "description": "What would settle whether something falls under it.", "questions": [ { "id": "instance-tests-q01", "text": "What would settle whether something is an instance of meningioma?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "instance-tests-q02", "text": "Which borderline cases are argued about, and on what grounds?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "consequence", "name": "Consequence of application", "description": "Rights, duties or decisions that follow from the label.", "findings": [ { "id": "consequence-record", "name": "What the label licenses", "description": "What an agent may do once something is classified this way.", "questions": [ { "id": "consequence-record-q01", "text": "What follows practically once something is treated as meningioma?", "kind": "action" }, { "id": "consequence-record-q02", "text": "What must an agent not infer from the label alone?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a meningioma came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a meningioma and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a meningioma, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a meningioma, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a meningioma is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a meningioma is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a meningioma, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a meningioma, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a meningioma is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 10, "findings": 12, "questions": 32 } } } }