{ "model": { "rank": 6770, "code": "thing-q3705329", "model_id": "vr.tr.beam", "name": "beam", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise a structural beam, record its load-bearing role and condition, and identify the evidence needed before changing its loading, supports or configuration.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.OBJ", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q3705329/", "tier": 2, "score": 58, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "launching girder", "Gerber girder", "rafter", "sablière", "principal rafter", "purlin", "joist", "cornière", "fan rafter", "odaruki", "floor joist", "corner fan rafter", "lifting beam", "box girder", "I-beam", "HEA Profile", "triumph crucifixes", "Nuki", "hari", "sill beam", "cruck", "traveta", "test beam", "Wooden beams", "beams", "H-beam", "kōryō", "floor beam", "Railway border marker", "girder", "beam on continuous elastic foundation", "DELTABEAM Green", "Iron fishbelly truss beam bridges", "Riegel", "cantilever", "truss beam", "castellated beam", "continuous beam", "top-hat beam", "Traverse" ], "aliasCount": 52, "merged": 52, "knownIn": 58, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": "vr.tr.beam-attribute", "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q3705329", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3705329", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-09T23:28:07Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 19.1, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a0887f-0a8a-7551-b699-98ed5c18796c\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: beam\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: PHY.OBJ\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 1001 things:\n# Batch 007: 1001 registered", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 65.4, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a0887f-0a7d-71e1-9616-4a9fc2f1dfce\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: beam\nRegistry id: vr.tr.beam\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.OBJ\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\n\nContext for th" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q3705329", "registryId": "vr.tr.beam", "name": "beam", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.OBJ" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q3705329/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.beam", "name": "beam", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise a structural beam, record its load-bearing role and condition, and identify the evidence needed before changing its loading, supports or configuration.", "definition": "A structural beam is an elongated load-bearing member that resists loads transverse to its longitudinal axis primarily through bending and shear.", "scope_statement": "This model provisionally treats beam as an elongated physical structural member whose intended role includes carrying transverse loads through bending, owning its geometry, material, supports, load path and condition while leaving the registry's unresolved sense explicit.", "in_scope": [ "Individual structural beams and the properties that identify their structural role", "Member geometry, cross-section, orientation and variation along its length", "Material composition, construction and composite participation", "Supports, connections, lateral restraint and member-level load transfer", "Applied loads, deformation, deterioration and evidence governing interventions" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Light, particle, acoustic and other propagated beams", "Whole buildings, bridges, frames and their system-level stability", "Columns, ties and cables when their defining role is primarily axial", "Slabs and plates whose structural behaviour requires a surface model", "Abstract beam theories, calculation software and design standards as independent things", "Manufacturing equipment and installation machinery" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Identify an elongated member with a discernible longitudinal axis and an intended transverse load-bearing role; shape alone does not establish that it is a beam.", "Distinguish a beam from a column or tie by its structural role and load effects rather than by whether it is horizontal or vertical.", "Distinguish a beam from a slab or plate by whether member behaviour can reasonably be represented along a longitudinal axis; record uncertainty for broad or deep members.", "Treat girder, joist and lintel as potentially overlapping beam roles rather than automatically excluding them or creating separate registry entries.", "Confirm that the referent is a material structural member rather than a directed stream of radiation or particles." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Structural role", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Primary beam; secondary beam; girder; joist; lintel; other; unresolved", "why_it_matters": "Identifies what the member supports and where it sits in the load path." }, { "name": "Length and supported spans", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Overall length, clear spans, support-centre spans and overhangs in mm or m", "why_it_matters": "Separates physical extent from the distances relevant to structural behaviour." }, { "name": "Cross-section and orientation", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Section dimensions in mm, orientation in degrees and locations of section changes in mm or m", "why_it_matters": "The section and its orientation affect stiffness, load resistance and connection placement." }, { "name": "Material and construction", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Timber; steel; reinforced concrete; prestressed concrete; composite; other; grade and construction details where verified", "why_it_matters": "Determines which evidence and assessment methods apply." }, { "name": "Support and restraint relationships", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Supporting objects, connection locations, restrained movements and evidence for each relationship", "why_it_matters": "Actual restraint controls the load path and may differ from a drawing's idealisation." }, { "name": "Applied loading", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Point forces in kN, distributed forces in kN/m and moments in kN·m, with direction, location and load case", "why_it_matters": "Loading cannot be interpreted without its distribution and operating context." }, { "name": "Member deformation", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Deflection and residual displacement in mm; rotation in degrees or radians; measurement date and load state", "why_it_matters": "Supports comparison with a baseline and investigation of changes in behaviour." }, { "name": "Observed defects and alterations", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Located and dated observations of cracks, section loss, decay, distortion, holes, notches and repairs; uninspected areas explicit", "why_it_matters": "Local changes can affect structural behaviour even when the member remains visibly intact." }, { "name": "Assessment and use restrictions", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Unassessed; assessed for specified conditions; restricted; temporarily supported; withdrawn from service", "why_it_matters": "Connects permitted use to a traceable assessment rather than appearance alone." } ], "affordances": [ "Identify and locate the beam within a structural load path.", "Record its section, spans, orientation, supports and restraint conditions.", "Compare dated deformation and defect observations under documented loading.", "Identify missing evidence before evaluating a proposed load or support change.", "Route drilling, cutting, repair, strengthening or removal proposals for member-specific structural review.", "Record use restrictions and monitor the conditions attached to an assessment." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "beam-identity-and-role", "name": "Beam identity and structural role", "description": "Establishes what physical member is being described and why it is treated as a beam.", "rationale": "The registry supplies no definition, and neither the word beam nor an elongated shape establishes the intended structural sense.", "layers": [ { "id": "referent-and-boundary", "name": "Referent and boundary", "description": "Resolves the meaning and physical extent of the entry.", "findings": [ { "id": "structural-sense-and-member-extent", "name": "Structural sense and member extent", "description": "Record evidence for the structural interpretation and identify the ends, splices and assemblies included in the member.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does the originating registry evidence identify a structural member rather than a radiation or particle beam?", "kind": "definition", "id": "structural-sense-and-member-extent-q01" }, { "text": "Where does this beam begin and end, and are spliced or built-up components treated as one member?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "structural-sense-and-member-extent-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "role-in-load-path", "name": "Role in the load path", "description": "Locates the member between the objects it carries and the objects supporting it.", "findings": [ { "id": "supported-and-supporting-elements", "name": "Supported and supporting elements", "description": "Describe the member's transverse load-bearing role and any concurrent axial or torsional role.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which objects transfer load onto this beam, and which objects receive load from it?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "supported-and-supporting-elements-q01" }, { "text": "What drawings, observations or assessments establish its beam role and any overlapping column, joist, girder or lintel role?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "supported-and-supporting-elements-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "section-and-construction", "name": "Section and construction", "description": "Records the beam's physical geometry and the construction details needed to interpret its behaviour.", "rationale": "Beams with similar external dimensions can behave differently because of section orientation, internal construction or composite participation.", "layers": [ { "id": "longitudinal-and-section-geometry", "name": "Longitudinal and section geometry", "description": "Captures dimensions along the beam and across its section.", "findings": [ { "id": "section-profile-and-discontinuities", "name": "Section profile and discontinuities", "description": "Record section shape, orientation, taper, curvature and local changes such as openings or notches.", "questions": [ { "text": "What are the beam's overall length, section dimensions and orientation relative to the applied loads?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "section-profile-and-discontinuities-q01" }, { "text": "Where do section size, curvature, holes, notches or other geometric discontinuities change along the member?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "section-profile-and-discontinuities-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-internal-construction", "name": "Material and internal construction", "description": "Separates visible form from verified material and internal load-bearing details.", "findings": [ { "id": "verified-construction-and-composite-action", "name": "Verified construction and composite action", "description": "Capture material identification and applicable reinforcement, prestress, laminations or connections between participating components.", "questions": [ { "text": "What records or investigations establish the material, grade and relevant reinforcement, prestress or built-up construction?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "verified-construction-and-composite-action-q01" }, { "text": "Which adjoining components are assumed to act compositely with the beam, and what evidence establishes their load transfer?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "verified-construction-and-composite-action-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "supports-connections-and-restraint", "name": "Supports, connections and restraint", "description": "Describes how the beam is held and how forces pass through its interfaces.", "rationale": "A beam's span, end behaviour and stability depend on actual interfaces and restraint, including temporary configurations.", "layers": [ { "id": "bearing-and-end-connections", "name": "Bearing and end connections", "description": "Records support positions, bearing details and connection behaviour.", "findings": [ { "id": "actual-support-conditions", "name": "Actual support conditions", "description": "Distinguish observed support details from idealised pinned, fixed or sliding assumptions.", "questions": [ { "text": "Where are the supports, what are the bearing lengths, and what clear spans and overhangs result?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "actual-support-conditions-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence supports the assumed translational and rotational restraint at each connection?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "actual-support-conditions-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "lateral-restraint-and-continuity", "name": "Lateral restraint and continuity", "description": "Identifies restraint along the member and structural continuity across supports or splices.", "findings": [ { "id": "restraint-dependent-configuration", "name": "Restraint-dependent configuration", "description": "Record which attachments restrain lateral movement or twist and which interfaces transmit bending across member segments.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which attachments restrain lateral movement or twisting, and over what lengths is that restraint absent or unverified?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "restraint-dependent-configuration-q01" }, { "text": "Would removing decking, bracing, a splice component or temporary support change the assumed beam behaviour?", "kind": "action", "id": "restraint-dependent-configuration-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "loading-and-structural-response", "name": "Loading and structural response", "description": "Connects the beam's loading conditions to assessed and observed behaviour.", "rationale": "A useful beam model must distinguish load cases, structural assumptions and measured response instead of assigning a context-free capacity.", "layers": [ { "id": "load-cases-and-assessment", "name": "Load cases and assessment", "description": "Records forces, their placement and the evidence supporting member-level checks.", "findings": [ { "id": "loads-and-governing-checks", "name": "Loads and governing checks", "description": "Identify applicable load cases and assessment of bending, shear, torsion, axial interaction, bearing and instability where relevant.", "questions": [ { "text": "What permanent, variable, concentrated, distributed or moving loads act on the beam, with what directions and positions?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "loads-and-governing-checks-q01" }, { "text": "Which assessment establishes the governing checks and permitted loading for this material, configuration and use?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "loads-and-governing-checks-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "deflection-vibration-and-time-effects", "name": "Deflection, vibration and time effects", "description": "Tracks behaviour that may affect use or reveal a change in condition.", "findings": [ { "id": "measured-response-against-baseline", "name": "Measured response against baseline", "description": "Keep measured displacement and vibration distinct from initial camber, predicted response and long-term change.", "questions": [ { "text": "What deflection, rotation or vibration was measured, at which locations and under what loading and environmental conditions?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "measured-response-against-baseline-q01" }, { "text": "What baseline and applicable criteria distinguish initial camber, reversible response and persistent deformation?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "measured-response-against-baseline-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-intervention", "name": "Condition and intervention", "description": "Links local damage and proposed changes to the evidence needed for continued use.", "rationale": "Damage and alterations must be located relative to a beam's section, supports and loading before their consequences can be assessed.", "layers": [ { "id": "damage-and-inspection-coverage", "name": "Damage and inspection coverage", "description": "Records material-specific deterioration, mechanical damage and inaccessible areas.", "findings": [ { "id": "located-defects-and-unknowns", "name": "Located defects and unknowns", "description": "Describe defects by position, extent and observation method without treating absence of visible damage as proof of adequacy.", "questions": [ { "text": "Where are cracks, corrosion, decay, crushing, buckling, delamination or other relevant defects, and what is their measured extent?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "located-defects-and-unknowns-q01" }, { "text": "Which faces, bearings, connections or internal components were inaccessible, and how does that limit the inspection finding?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "located-defects-and-unknowns-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "changes-and-use-restrictions", "name": "Changes and use restrictions", "description": "Relates proposed work and continued loading to a documented structural decision.", "findings": [ { "id": "intervention-basis-and-follow-up", "name": "Intervention basis and follow-up", "description": "Record the basis for drilling, cutting, repair, strengthening, support changes or removal, including temporary conditions and verification.", "questions": [ { "text": "What member-specific assessment and temporary support sequence are required for the proposed alteration or removal?", "kind": "action", "id": "intervention-basis-and-follow-up-q01" }, { "text": "What loading restrictions, inspection triggers and completion checks govern use before, during and after the intervention?", "kind": "action", "id": "intervention-basis-and-follow-up-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "The registry records no sense; the structural interpretation is assumed and should be checked against the originating entry.", "Beam dimensions and capacities vary too widely across materials and applications to provide a useful universal typical range.", "Standards are recalled references, not consulted sources; applicable editions and jurisdictional adoption require verification." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of beam this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Simply supported beam", "Cantilever beam", "Continuous beam", "Fixed-ended beam", "Overhanging beam" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of beam this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "AISC structural steel shape designation", "value_or_pattern": "W followed by nominal depth and mass per unit length, such as W12×26", "note": "In US customary designations, depth is in inches and weight per unit length is in pounds per foot; identifies a section size rather than an individual beam." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of beam this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "ANSI/AISC 360, Specification for Structural Steel Buildings - American Institute of Steel Construction.", "EN 1993, Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures - European Committee for Standardization (CEN).", "EN 1992, Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures - CEN.", "EN 1995, Eurocode 5: Design of timber structures - CEN." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of beam this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Supporting building floors and roofs.", "Spanning openings above doors and windows.", "Carrying bridge decks.", "Supporting crane runways.", "Carrying transverse loads in machine frames." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of beam this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Flexural failure through yielding, fracture or crushing, depending on material.", "Shear failure, particularly near supports or concentrated loads.", "Lateral-torsional buckling of inadequately restrained slender beams.", "Excessive deflection or vibration that impairs serviceability.", "Loss of capacity through deterioration, fatigue or fire exposure." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of beam this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Steel section naming differs: W shapes are common in North America, UB designations in the United Kingdom, and IPE and HE series in continental Europe.", "Applicable design rules and load requirements depend on jurisdiction; Eurocodes also use national annexes." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of beam this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "column", "difference": "A column primarily carries axial compression; a beam primarily resists transverse loading through bending, although members can perform both roles." }, { "name": "girder", "difference": "A girder is generally a principal beam supporting other members; the distinction is functional and terminology varies." }, { "name": "joist", "difference": "A joist is a beam used as one of a repeated series supporting a floor or roof." }, { "name": "truss", "difference": "A truss uses an assembly of members carrying primarily axial forces, whereas an ordinary beam carries loads through bending and shear in its section." }, { "name": "radiation beam", "difference": "A radiation beam is a directed stream of particles or electromagnetic radiation, rather than a structural member." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of beam this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Does the originating registry record confirm the structural sense of beam, or does it refer to radiation, particles or another physical sense?", "Does an existing Vercy world model already own the structural beam concept, requiring this registry entry to link to that model?", "How does the registry distinguish beam from girder, joist, lintel, pile and members with combined beam-column roles?", "Which material-specific and jurisdiction-specific sources should establish assessment criteria, inspection methods and intervention requirements?", "What boundary should apply to deep beams, curved beams and broad members for which a simple longitudinal member representation may be inadequate?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 18, "questions": 28 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "device, machine or tool", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a beam, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an agent to recognise a structural beam, record its load-bearing role and condition, and identify the evidence needed before changing its loading, supports or configuration.", "characteristics": { "substance": "material", "origin": "manufactured", "agency": "inert", "mobility": "varies" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: launching girder, Gerber girder, rafter, sablière, principal rafter, purlin, joist, cornière, fan rafter, odaruki, floor joist, corner fan rafter.", "52 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 58 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a beam, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "matter you can touch", "physicalCharacter": [ "Mobility varies between examples.", "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Recognised by form, by the arrangement of its controls, and by markings - a plate, a model number, a certification mark. Form alone rarely separates two models that do very different things." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "launching girder", "Gerber girder", "rafter", "sablière", "principal rafter", "purlin", "joist", "cornière", "fan rafter", "odaruki", "floor joist", "corner fan rafter" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 58 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 52 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one beam from another, and a beam from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a beam, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a beam, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a beam is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a beam, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a beam, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a beam is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a beam sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a beam, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a beam, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a beam is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a beam from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a beam, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a beam, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a beam is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a beam is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a beam, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a beam, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a beam is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Materials, parts and how they are put together.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and materials", "description": "What a beam is built from and which parts are replaceable.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a beam, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a beam, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a beam is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a beam is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a beam, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a beam, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a beam is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a beam is, how it got there and where it may go (varies).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a beam is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a beam, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a beam, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a beam is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a beam is carried, installed or relocated.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a beam, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a beam, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a beam is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a beam passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a beam between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a beam, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a beam, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a beam is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a beam, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a beam is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a beam, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a beam, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a beam is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "function-and-principle", "name": "Function and operating principle", "description": "What beam is for and how it achieves it.", "rationale": "Two devices with the same name can work on different principles, and the principle is what predicts failure and constrains use.", "layers": [ { "id": "intended-function", "name": "Intended function", "description": "The job it does, and the jobs it is used for anyway.", "findings": [ { "id": "function-record", "name": "Function, principle and variants", "description": "What it does, how, and which variants do it differently.", "questions": [ { "id": "function-record-q01", "text": "What function does beam perform, on what operating principle, and which variants differ in that principle?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "function-record-q02", "text": "What use falls outside the intended function but happens in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "capacity-and-rating", "name": "Capacity and rating", "description": "The numbers that say what it can do and where it stops.", "findings": [ { "id": "ratings", "name": "Ratings and their conditions", "description": "Rated capacity, power, throughput and the conditions each assumes.", "questions": [ { "id": "ratings-q01", "text": "What ratings characterise beam, in what units, and under what stated conditions?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "ratings-q02", "text": "What happens beyond the rating - degradation, refusal, damage - and how is that detected?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "operation-and-state", "name": "Operation, controls and state", "description": "How beam is operated and what state it is in right now.", "rationale": "An agent acting on a device needs its current state and the controls that change it, not just its specification.", "layers": [ { "id": "controls-and-modes", "name": "Controls and modes", "description": "What can be set, what that changes, and what is interlocked.", "findings": [ { "id": "control-surface", "name": "Control surface and interlocks", "description": "The settings available and the conditions that block them.", "questions": [ { "id": "control-surface-q01", "text": "What controls and modes does beam have, and what does each change?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "control-surface-q02", "text": "Which actions are interlocked or forbidden in which state, and what must be true before acting?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-maintenance", "name": "Condition and maintenance", "description": "Wear, service intervals, consumables and the line between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "service-record", "name": "Condition, service and consumables", "description": "What is consumed, what is serviced, and how condition is judged.", "questions": [ { "id": "service-record-q01", "text": "What consumables and service does beam need, at what interval, and on whose authority?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "service-record-q02", "text": "What evidence separates a unit that is working from one that is out of service?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "kind-model-unit", "name": "Kind, model and unit", "description": "Whether a claim about beam is about the kind, a product line, or one physical unit.", "rationale": "This is the boundary most often got wrong for made things, and getting it wrong mixes a catalogue entry with the machine in the yard.", "layers": [ { "id": "level-of-reference", "name": "Level of reference", "description": "The three levels and what belongs at each.", "findings": [ { "id": "level-rules", "name": "What belongs to kind, model and unit", "description": "Which properties are shared by all of them and which are not.", "questions": [ { "id": "level-rules-q01", "text": "Which facts about beam hold for every one of them, which for a model, and which only for one unit?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "level-rules-q02", "text": "What identifies an individual unit, and what should an agent do when it has only the kind?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "standards-and-conformity", "name": "Standards and conformity", "description": "The standards a working example must meet and who attests it.", "findings": [ { "id": "conformity", "name": "Standards, marks and attestation", "description": "Which standard applies, who certifies, and what the mark means.", "questions": [ { "id": "conformity-q01", "text": "Which standards govern beam, issued by whom, and what does conformity actually assert?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "conformity-q02", "text": "What may an agent conclude from a certification mark, and what may it not?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a beam came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a beam and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a beam, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a beam, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a beam is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a beam is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a beam, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a beam, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a beam is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 8, "layers": 17, "findings": 19, "questions": 51 } } } }