{ "model": { "rank": 5902, "code": "thing-q379885", "model_id": "vr.tr.potassium-carbonate", "name": "potassium carbonate", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to identify potassium carbonate, assess the condition and suitability of a particular material lot, and determine which handling or use actions its evidence supports.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.MAT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q379885/", "tier": 2, "score": 64, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [], "aliasCount": 0, "merged": 0, "knownIn": 64, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": "vr.tr.potassium-carbonate", "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q379885", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q379885", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-07T09:59:53Z", "providers": [ "Codex", "Grok" ], "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "usd": 0.01326408, "turns": 1, "seconds": 151, "error": null }, "codex": { "seconds": 96.7, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.3\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a07b4b-54fb-7213-882a-b8b717e8b3e9\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: potassium carbonate\nRegistry id: vr.tr.potassium-carbonate\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.MAT\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this " } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q379885", "registryId": "vr.tr.potassium-carbonate", "name": "potassium carbonate", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.MAT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q379885/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.potassium-carbonate", "name": "potassium carbonate", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to identify potassium carbonate, assess the condition and suitability of a particular material lot, and determine which handling or use actions its evidence supports.", "definition": "Potassium carbonate is the inorganic salt K₂CO₃ (IUPAC: dipotassium carbonate), a white, highly water-soluble, deliquescent alkali-metal carbonate whose usual commercial forms are the anhydrous salt and the sesquihydrate, made principally by carbonating potassium hydroxide.", "scope_statement": "This PHY / PHY.MAT model owns vr.tr.potassium-carbonate: its chemical identity and the composition, physical condition, exposure history and use constraints of material represented as potassium carbonate, including explicit distinctions between dry solids, hydrated material and aqueous preparations.", "in_scope": [ "Evidence identifying potassium carbonate and distinguishing it from other potassium salts or carbonate mixtures.", "Lot-specific carbonate content, water content, impurities and the basis of reported assay.", "Solid, hydrated and dissolved states relevant to measurement, storage and dosing.", "Changes associated with moisture, carbon dioxide exposure and contact with other substances.", "Evidence supporting a specified use, handling action, reconditioning decision or rejection." ], "out_of_scope": [ "Potassium bicarbonate, potassium hydroxide and sodium carbonate as independently identified substances.", "Mixed potash products or formulated cleaners whose identity extends beyond potassium carbonate.", "Equipment, packaging and storage facilities except their relationships to material condition.", "Complete manufacturing processes or reaction recipes that consume potassium carbonate.", "Finished foods, glass, fertilizers or other products containing potassium carbonate." ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Require identity evidence consistent with K2CO3 and CAS 584-08-7; a label saying only 'potash' is insufficient. Reference identity: [PubChem potassium carbonate](https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Potassium-Carbonate).", "Use a potassium-versus-sodium determination together with carbonate identification to distinguish potassium carbonate from sodium carbonate and mixed alkali carbonates.", "Use a method capable of resolving carbonate, bicarbonate and hydroxide contributions to distinguish potassium carbonate from potassium bicarbonate, potassium hydroxide or their mixtures; alkalinity alone does not establish identity.", "Determine water content and, when necessary, solid-phase identity to distinguish anhydrous material from hydrated or moisture-laden material rather than treating all weighed mass as K2CO3.", "For liquids, establish potassium carbonate concentration and other dissolved constituents before identifying the preparation as a potassium carbonate solution." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Identity evidence", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Links to lot label, certificate and analytical identity results; confirmed, provisional, conflicting or unknown", "why_it_matters": "Determines whether this model applies and prevents substitution based on an ambiguous commercial name." }, { "name": "Material presentation", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Nominally anhydrous solid, identified hydrate, wet solid, aqueous solution or unresolved preparation", "why_it_matters": "Controls which mass, concentration and condition measurements are meaningful." }, { "name": "Potassium carbonate assay", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Mass % as K2CO3, with as-received or dry basis, method and uncertainty", "why_it_matters": "Supports dosing only when water and other contributors to the assay are understood." }, { "name": "Water content", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Mass % H2O, with method, sampling time and distinction between measured water and loss on drying", "why_it_matters": "Changes the amount of potassium carbonate delivered by a weighed portion." }, { "name": "Carbonate-system composition", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Carbonate, bicarbonate and hydroxide contributions in mol/kg or mol/L, with analytical basis", "why_it_matters": "Distinguishes usable carbonate content from total alkalinity and possible compositional change." }, { "name": "Solution concentration", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Mass % K2CO3 or mol/L, with temperature and preparation basis", "why_it_matters": "Enables reproducible solution dosing and comparison between preparations." }, { "name": "Conditional pH", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "pH with concentration, solvent, temperature and measurement method", "why_it_matters": "Characterizes a specified solution without assigning a universal pH to the solid." }, { "name": "Particle and agglomeration condition", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Particle-size distribution in µm when measured; free-flowing, caked, crusted, visibly wet or unknown", "why_it_matters": "Affects representative sampling, transfer and dissolution behavior." }, { "name": "Application-relevant impurities", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Named constituents in mg/kg or mass %, with detection limits and applicable acceptance limits", "why_it_matters": "A high bulk assay alone cannot establish fitness for a purity-sensitive use." }, { "name": "Exposure history", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Links to opening, humidity, temperature, carbon dioxide exposure and contamination events", "why_it_matters": "Helps determine whether earlier analytical results still describe the material." }, { "name": "Use qualification", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Qualified for a named use, conditionally qualified, pending evidence or rejected", "why_it_matters": "Prevents a supplier grade or prior successful use from becoming unrestricted permission." } ], "affordances": [ "Accept, quarantine or redirect a material lot according to potassium carbonate identity evidence.", "Calculate a required material amount from a validated assay or solution concentration and its stated basis.", "Select representative sampling and remeasurement after moisture exposure, caking or suspected composition change.", "Assess suitability for a specified carbonate, potassium-source or alkalinity function against that application's requirements.", "Evaluate dissolution, transfer, storage or reconditioning using material-specific compatibility evidence and an applicable procedure.", "Reject or route degraded, contaminated or unqualified material to an appropriate recovery or waste process." ] }, "sources": [ { "id": "pubchem-11430", "title": "PubChem Compound Summary for CID 11430, Potassium carbonate", "url": "https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/11430", "what_it_supports": "Formula, CAS/EC identifiers, InChIKey, physical constants (melting point, density, solubility), and GHS hazard summary.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "fda-21cfr-184-1619", "title": "21 CFR 184.1619 Potassium carbonate", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-184/subpart-B/section-184.1619", "what_it_supports": "United States GRAS status, permitted food uses, and the requirement that the additive meet Food Chemicals Codex specifications.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "eu-reg-231-2012", "title": "Commission Regulation (EU) No 231/2012 laying down specifications for food additives (E 501(i) potassium carbonate)", "url": "https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32012R0231", "what_it_supports": "EU identity and purity criteria for food-additive potassium carbonate and its distinction from E 501(ii) potassium hydrogen carbonate.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "wikipedia-k2co3", "title": "Potassium carbonate", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potassium_carbonate", "what_it_supports": "Industrial production routes, hydrate forms, glass/soap/cocoa/CO₂-scrubbing uses, and the historical pearl-ash/potash naming.", "url_status": "live" } ], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "potassium-carbonate-identity", "name": "Potassium carbonate identity", "description": "Establish whether the material belongs to this registry concept and what evidence supports that assignment.", "rationale": "Potassium content, carbonate content and commercial naming each provide only part of the identity decision.", "layers": [ { "id": "chemical-assignment", "name": "Chemical assignment", "description": "Connect the registered substance to evidence for the actual material.", "findings": [ { "id": "formula-and-lot-identity", "name": "Formula and lot identity", "description": "Use K2CO3 as the reference identity while separately recording whether the lot has been analytically confirmed. Reference: [PubChem potassium carbonate](https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Potassium-Carbonate).", "questions": [ { "text": "What label, certificate and analytical evidence assigns this material to potassium carbonate?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "formula-and-lot-identity-q01" }, { "text": "Does the evidence establish potassium and carbonate together, or merely one component or total alkalinity?", "kind": "definition", "id": "formula-and-lot-identity-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "confusable-materials", "name": "Confusable materials", "description": "Resolve nearby salts, mixed potash products and ambiguous preparations.", "findings": [ { "id": "salt-and-mixture-boundary", "name": "Salt and mixture boundary", "description": "Record what excludes sodium carbonate, potassium bicarbonate, potassium hydroxide and mixed products from being mistaken for this substance.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which results distinguish this material from sodium carbonate and potassium bicarbonate?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "salt-and-mixture-boundary-q01" }, { "text": "Do other constituents represent impurities in potassium carbonate or define a mixture requiring a separate model?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "salt-and-mixture-boundary-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "carbonate-content-and-purity", "name": "Carbonate content and purity", "description": "Determine how much usable potassium carbonate is present and what else accompanies it.", "rationale": "Reported purity can mislead when assay basis, water or other alkaline constituents are unresolved.", "layers": [ { "id": "assay-interpretation", "name": "Assay interpretation", "description": "Make carbonate quantity traceable to a measurement and calculation basis.", "findings": [ { "id": "usable-carbonate-amount", "name": "Usable carbonate amount", "description": "Separate a result expressed as K2CO3 equivalent from a selective determination of potassium carbonate.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is the assay reported on an as-received or dry basis, and what exactly does its method measure?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "usable-carbonate-amount-q01" }, { "text": "Could bicarbonate, hydroxide or other alkaline constituents contribute to the reported result?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "usable-carbonate-amount-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "impurity-significance", "name": "Impurity significance", "description": "Interpret accompanying substances against the intended use.", "findings": [ { "id": "use-limiting-constituents", "name": "Use-limiting constituents", "description": "Track relevant impurities and additives with measured values or explicit evidence gaps.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which accompanying constituents, including any processing additives, are identified or measured in this lot?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "use-limiting-constituents-q01" }, { "text": "Which constituent limits determine acceptance for the intended use, and are the analytical detection limits adequate?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "use-limiting-constituents-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "water-and-physical-condition", "name": "Water and physical condition", "description": "Represent moisture-related changes and the material's solid or dissolved presentation.", "rationale": "Potassium carbonate is described as deliquescent, so nominal identity does not establish current water content or handling condition. Reference: [PubChem physical description](https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Potassium-carbonate).", "layers": [ { "id": "solid-water-state", "name": "Solid water state", "description": "Distinguish nominal dryness, measured water and identified hydration state.", "findings": [ { "id": "water-and-dose-basis", "name": "Water and dose basis", "description": "Record whether measured mass can be interpreted using the declared potassium carbonate content.", "questions": [ { "text": "What water measurement or phase evidence supports the claimed anhydrous or hydrated state?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "water-and-dose-basis-q01" }, { "text": "Has exposure since that measurement made its use for weighing or dosing questionable?", "kind": "action", "id": "water-and-dose-basis-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "transfer-and-dissolution-state", "name": "Transfer and dissolution state", "description": "Capture condition changes that affect taking a representative portion or preparing a solution.", "findings": [ { "id": "portion-representativeness", "name": "Portion representativeness", "description": "Treat caking, wet regions and incomplete dissolution as reasons to examine sampling and concentration assumptions.", "questions": [ { "text": "Are particle size, caking or localized wetness likely to make the selected portion unrepresentative?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "portion-representativeness-q01" }, { "text": "For a prepared solution, what establishes complete dissolution and the concentration at the recorded temperature?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "portion-representativeness-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "carbonate-reactivity-and-exposure", "name": "Carbonate reactivity and exposure", "description": "Connect carbonate-system behavior and contact history to permitted material operations.", "rationale": "An agent must distinguish retained potassium carbonate from altered material and evaluate contacts before acting.", "layers": [ { "id": "carbonate-system-change", "name": "Carbonate-system change", "description": "Assess whether exposure or solution conditions have changed the balance of carbonate species.", "findings": [ { "id": "composition-after-exposure", "name": "Composition after exposure", "description": "Require evidence before inferring either unchanged carbonate content or conversion from an exposure history alone.", "questions": [ { "text": "What moisture and carbon dioxide exposure occurred, and what measurements establish the current carbonate and bicarbonate contributions?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "composition-after-exposure-q01" }, { "text": "Does the intended use depend on carbonate specifically, total alkalinity or potassium content?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "composition-after-exposure-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "contact-and-operation-compatibility", "name": "Contact and operation compatibility", "description": "Evaluate proposed dissolution, acid contact and equipment contact using the actual preparation.", "findings": [ { "id": "operation-conditions", "name": "Operation conditions", "description": "Make compatibility and exposure controls conditional on concentration, quantity, temperature and the contacting material.", "questions": [ { "text": "What applicable safety data and process evidence address heat, gas generation, dust or splash exposure for the proposed operation?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "operation-conditions-q01" }, { "text": "Do the contacting substances, vessel materials and operating conditions fall within a verified procedure for this potassium carbonate preparation?", "kind": "action", "id": "operation-conditions-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "use-qualification-and-disposition", "name": "Use qualification and disposition", "description": "Translate identity, composition and condition evidence into a specific use or material-management decision.", "rationale": "The same identified salt can satisfy one application while failing another because of water, impurities or insufficient documentation.", "layers": [ { "id": "application-fit", "name": "Application fit", "description": "Bind suitability to a named function and acceptance criteria.", "findings": [ { "id": "qualified-function", "name": "Qualified function", "description": "Assess the lot for its intended carbonate, potassium-source or alkalinity role without treating grade names as universal approval.", "questions": [ { "text": "What function will potassium carbonate serve, and which composition and physical-condition limits follow from that function?", "kind": "definition", "id": "qualified-function-q01" }, { "text": "Which lot-specific evidence demonstrates that the required grade and acceptance criteria are met?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "qualified-function-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "reassessment-and-routing", "name": "Reassessment and routing", "description": "Choose what happens when the material changes or its evidence is insufficient.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-dependent-disposition", "name": "Condition-dependent disposition", "description": "Distinguish material eligible for use, retesting or validated reconditioning from material requiring rejection or separate waste assessment.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which changes in water content, carbonate composition, contamination or documentation trigger quarantine or retesting?", "kind": "action", "id": "condition-dependent-disposition-q01" }, { "text": "If reconditioning is proposed, what validated procedure and post-treatment measurements establish renewed suitability?", "kind": "action", "id": "condition-dependent-disposition-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Anhydrous potassium carbonate", "Potassium carbonate sesquihydrate (K₂CO₃·1.5H₂O), the common solid hydrate", "Aqueous potassium carbonate liquor (process and merchant solutions)", "Food-grade potassium carbonate (FCC / E501(i) / INS 501(i))", "Technical and glass-grade potash", "Fertilizer-grade potassium carbonate (chloride-free K source)", "Reagent / high-purity grade", "Historical pearl ash (refined wood-ash carbonate)" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of potassium carbonate this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "CAS Registry Number", "value_or_pattern": "584-08-7", "note": "Anhydrous K₂CO₃; hydrates have separate CAS numbers." }, { "scheme": "EC / EINECS", "value_or_pattern": "209-529-3", "note": "EU inventory number for potassium carbonate." }, { "scheme": "PubChem CID", "value_or_pattern": "11430", "note": "NCBI/NLM compound record." }, { "scheme": "Wikidata", "value_or_pattern": "Q184931", "note": "Item for potassium carbonate." }, { "scheme": "InChIKey", "value_or_pattern": "BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L", "note": "Standard InChIKey for K₂CO₃." }, { "scheme": "UNII", "value_or_pattern": "BQN1B9B9HA", "note": "FDA Unique Ingredient Identifier." }, { "scheme": "INS / E number", "value_or_pattern": "INS 501(i); E 501(i)", "note": "Food-additive identity; E 501 is the group, (i) is the carbonate." }, { "scheme": "Harmonized System", "value_or_pattern": "2836.40", "note": "HS heading for potassium carbonates." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of potassium carbonate this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Food Chemicals Codex monograph for potassium carbonate (USP, used as the U.S. food-grade specification).", "U.S. FDA 21 CFR 184.1619 - potassium carbonate is GRAS when it meets FCC specifications.", "Commission Regulation (EU) No 231/2012 - purity criteria for E 501(i) potassium carbonate.", "Codex Alimentarius GSFA / JECFA specifications for INS 501(i).", "ECHA REACH registration and CLP/GHS classification for EC 209-529-3 (typically serious eye damage and skin/respiratory irritation).", "EU food-additive authorisation under Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 (E 501)." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of potassium carbonate this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Flux in specialty and potash glass (potassium-lime glass), ceramics, and some welding fluxes, lowering melt temperature relative to a soda-ash batch.", "Alkali in soft-soap and liquid-detergent manufacture, where the potassium soaps stay liquid unlike sodium soaps.", "Dutch-process cocoa: alkalizing cocoa mass or nibs to darken colour and reduce acidity.", "Food pH regulator and processing aid (baking, wine/must deacidification, mineral-salt mixes) as E 501(i).", "Chloride-free fertilizer and hydroponic potassium source for chloride-sensitive crops (tobacco, some fruits and greenhouse vegetables).", "Hot potassium carbonate (Benfield-type) process liquor for removing CO₂ from syngas and natural gas.", "Aqueous alkali in dyeing, photographic developers, and some fire-suppression or grease-fire dry-chemical formulations.", "Historical lye and pearl-ash product from wood ashes, the original meaning of potash in glass and soap works." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of potassium carbonate this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Assay as K₂CO₃ (dried basis)", "typical_range": "98-99.5 (food/tech); ≥99 (reagent)", "unit": "wt %" }, { "quantity": "Water / loss on drying (anhydrous product)", "typical_range": "0.5-2 (rises rapidly in open air)", "unit": "wt %" }, { "quantity": "Melting point (anhydrous)", "typical_range": "891", "unit": "°C" }, { "quantity": "Solid density (anhydrous)", "typical_range": "2.43", "unit": "g·cm⁻³" }, { "quantity": "Solubility in water at 20 °C", "typical_range": "110-112", "unit": "g per 100 mL water" }, { "quantity": "pH of ~1 wt % aqueous solution", "typical_range": "11.5-11.7", "unit": "pH" }, { "quantity": "Merchant liquor concentration", "typical_range": "47 (typical); 30-50", "unit": "wt % K₂CO₃" }, { "quantity": "K₂O fertilizer equivalent (pure salt)", "typical_range": "68", "unit": "wt % K₂O" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of potassium carbonate this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Deliquescence: the solid picks up water and CO₂ from air, cakes, and converts partly to potassium bicarbonate, dropping carbonate assay.", "Alkaline burns and serious eye damage from dust or concentrated solutions (less severe than KOH, still corrosive to tissue).", "Violent CO₂ evolution and foaming if mixed with strong acids in a closed vessel.", "Corrosion of aluminium, zinc, and some copper alloys in wet contact; concentrated liquor attacks many metals and organics.", "Dust and mist irritate airways; spills raise aquatic pH.", "Over-alkalization in food (soapy cocoa, harsh bakery crumb) when dosing is not controlled.", "Hydrate/anhydrous mix-ups change both assay and water balance in a batch." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of potassium carbonate this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "In fertilizer and mining English, \"potash\" almost always means potassium chloride (or K₂O equivalent), not K₂CO₃; in glass and historical soap-making, \"potash\" specifically means potassium carbonate.", "Pearl ash is the older North American/European name for twice-calcined, relatively pure wood-ash K₂CO₃; continental European texts more often say potasse or kohlensaures Kali.", "Food identity is E 501(i) in the EU/UK and INS 501(i) in Codex; Japan lists it among designated additives under a national numbering scheme rather than the E-number.", "Hot-potassium-carbonate acid-gas treating is common in ammonia/syngas plants worldwide; food-grade demand is concentrated where Dutch-process cocoa and alkaline bakery processing are practised." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of potassium carbonate this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Potassium bicarbonate (KHCO₃, E 501(ii))", "difference": "Aqueous pH of a dilute KHCO₃ solution is ~8.2 versus ~11.6 for K₂CO₃; dry KHCO₃ loses CO₂ and water on heating (~100-200 °C) and converts to K₂CO₃, which is thermally stable to its melting point." }, { "name": "Sodium carbonate (soda ash, Na₂CO₃)", "difference": "Flame test: sodium gives a persistent yellow flame, potassium a violet flame (viewed through cobalt glass or by emission); elemental analysis (AA/ICP) for Na versus K is definitive." }, { "name": "Potassium hydroxide (caustic potash, KOH)", "difference": "Dilute mineral acid on K₂CO₃ effervesces (CO₂); KOH does not. KOH melts near 360 °C and is far more caustic; K₂CO₃ melts near 891 °C." }, { "name": "Potassium chloride (muriate of potash, KCl)", "difference": "KCl solutions are near-neutral and give a white AgCl precipitate with AgNO₃ that is insoluble in dilute nitric acid; K₂CO₃ solutions are strongly alkaline and any silver precipitate redissolves/fizzes in acid." }, { "name": "Potassium sulfate (sulfate of potash, K₂SO₄)", "difference": "K₂SO₄ is essentially non-alkaline and gives acid-insoluble BaSO₄ with barium chloride; barium carbonate from K₂CO₃ dissolves in dilute acid with CO₂ evolution." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of potassium carbonate this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Does the existing Vercy catalogue already cover this concept, and how should identified hydrates and aqueous preparations link to it without duplicating substance models?", "Which analytical methods adequately distinguish carbonate, bicarbonate and hydroxide in the relevant commercial grades and sample matrices?", "Which water-content and exposure thresholds require reassessment for each intended use, and what evidence supports those thresholds?", "Which current grade specifications, impurity limits and supplier documents apply to the actual lots and intended applications?", "Which storage, contact-material and reconditioning conditions have been validated for the relevant solid forms and solution concentrations?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 18, "questions": 28 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "chemical substance or material", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a potassium carbonate, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an AI agent to identify potassium carbonate, assess the condition and suitability of a particular material lot, and determine which handling or use actions its evidence supports.", "characteristics": { "substance": "material", "origin": "natural", "agency": "inert", "mobility": "varies" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured", "consumed or used up" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Described in 64 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a potassium carbonate, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "matter you can touch", "physicalCharacter": [ "Mobility varies between examples.", "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state", "use it up, and then need more of it" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Not recognisable by sight in any reliable way. Appearance varies with grade, form and additives; identification is by label, by documentation, or by assay." ], "relatedModels": [], "standing": "Described in 64 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one potassium carbonate from another, and a potassium carbonate from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a potassium carbonate, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a potassium carbonate, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a potassium carbonate is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a potassium carbonate, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a potassium carbonate, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a potassium carbonate is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a potassium carbonate sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a potassium carbonate, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a potassium carbonate, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a potassium carbonate is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a potassium carbonate from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a potassium carbonate, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a potassium carbonate, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a potassium carbonate is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a potassium carbonate is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a potassium carbonate, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a potassium carbonate, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a potassium carbonate is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Materials, parts and how they are put together.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and materials", "description": "What a potassium carbonate is built from and which parts are replaceable.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a potassium carbonate, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a potassium carbonate, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a potassium carbonate is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a potassium carbonate is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a potassium carbonate, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a potassium carbonate, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a potassium carbonate is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a potassium carbonate is, how it got there and where it may go (varies).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a potassium carbonate is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a potassium carbonate, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a potassium carbonate, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a potassium carbonate is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a potassium carbonate is carried, installed or relocated.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a potassium carbonate, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a potassium carbonate, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a potassium carbonate is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a potassium carbonate passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a potassium carbonate between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a potassium carbonate, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a potassium carbonate, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a potassium carbonate is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a potassium carbonate, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a potassium carbonate is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a potassium carbonate, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a potassium carbonate, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a potassium carbonate is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "use-and-operation", "name": "Use and operation", "description": "What can be done with a potassium carbonate and what it takes to do it.", "rationale": "An agent that can recognise a thing but not act on it has only half a model.", "layers": [ { "id": "intended-use", "name": "Intended use and function", "description": "What a potassium carbonate is for, and what it is used for anyway.", "findings": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose", "name": "Function, purpose and misuse", "description": "The function a potassium carbonate performs and the uses that fall outside it.", "questions": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the use of a potassium carbonate, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the use of a potassium carbonate, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the use of a potassium carbonate is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "handling-and-procedure", "name": "Handling and procedure", "description": "The steps, skills and tools involved in using a potassium carbonate.", "findings": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills", "name": "Procedures, skills and required tools", "description": "What an agent needs before it can act on a potassium carbonate at all.", "questions": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes handling a potassium carbonate, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about handling a potassium carbonate, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once handling a potassium carbonate is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "supply-and-consumption", "name": "Supply and consumption", "description": "Quantities, rates and what running out means.", "findings": [ { "id": "consumption-and-stock", "name": "Consumption, stock and replenishment", "description": "How much of a potassium carbonate there is and how fast it goes.", "questions": [ { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the supply of a potassium carbonate, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the supply of a potassium carbonate, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the supply of a potassium carbonate is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "composition-and-identity", "name": "Composition, grade and chemical identity", "description": "What potassium carbonate is made of and how pure the thing in hand is.", "rationale": "Grade decides what a substance may be used for, so a model that records only the name cannot support any decision about use.", "layers": [ { "id": "chemical-identity", "name": "Chemical identity", "description": "Formula, structure and the registry numbers that name it unambiguously.", "findings": [ { "id": "identity-record", "name": "Identity and registry numbers", "description": "What identifies this substance across suppliers and regulators.", "questions": [ { "id": "identity-record-q01", "text": "What formula, structure and registry identifiers name potassium carbonate unambiguously?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "identity-record-q02", "text": "Which related substances share a name in common use but not an identifier?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "grade-and-impurities", "name": "Grade, purity and impurities", "description": "The specification a batch meets and what else is in it.", "findings": [ { "id": "specification", "name": "Specification and assay", "description": "How purity is stated and measured, and which impurities matter.", "questions": [ { "id": "specification-q01", "text": "What grades of potassium carbonate exist, how is purity assayed, and which impurities are limited?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "specification-q02", "text": "Which use requires which grade, and what happens when a lower grade is substituted?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "properties-and-behaviour", "name": "Properties and behaviour", "description": "How potassium carbonate behaves under conditions an agent can measure or change.", "rationale": "Physical constants are the part of a substance model that transfers between contexts, and each needs its unit and its conditions.", "layers": [ { "id": "physical-constants", "name": "Physical constants", "description": "Values that hold for the pure substance, with their conditions.", "findings": [ { "id": "constants-record", "name": "Constants and conditions", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the state they apply in.", "questions": [ { "id": "constants-record-q01", "text": "What are the defining physical constants of potassium carbonate, in what units and under what conditions?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "constants-record-q02", "text": "Which of these values change with grade or form rather than being fixed?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "stability-and-reactivity", "name": "Stability and reactivity", "description": "What it reacts with, degrades into, and how it is stored.", "findings": [ { "id": "incompatibilities", "name": "Incompatibilities and degradation", "description": "What must not meet it, and what it becomes over time.", "questions": [ { "id": "incompatibilities-q01", "text": "What is potassium carbonate incompatible with, and what does it degrade into under storage?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "incompatibilities-q02", "text": "What storage and handling does that require, and who is competent to do it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "hazard-and-regulation", "name": "Hazard classification and regulation", "description": "How potassium carbonate can harm, and what the law says about holding and moving it.", "rationale": "A substance model without its hazard class and its regulatory identity is unusable in exactly the situations that matter.", "layers": [ { "id": "hazard-class", "name": "Hazard classification", "description": "Classified hazards, exposure limits and protective measures.", "findings": [ { "id": "classified-hazards", "name": "Classified hazards and limits", "description": "The classification, the scheme it belongs to, and the limits set.", "questions": [ { "id": "classified-hazards-q01", "text": "How is potassium carbonate classified for hazard, under which scheme, and what exposure limits apply?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "classified-hazards-q02", "text": "What protection does handling require, and what must an agent refuse to do without it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "regulatory-identity", "name": "Regulatory identity and control", "description": "Registration, restriction and transport rules by jurisdiction.", "findings": [ { "id": "controls", "name": "Controls and jurisdiction", "description": "Where it is restricted and what the restriction attaches to.", "questions": [ { "id": "controls-q01", "text": "Which registrations, restrictions or transport rules cover potassium carbonate, and where?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "controls-q02", "text": "Does the control attach to the substance, its concentration, or its intended use?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a potassium carbonate came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a potassium carbonate and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a potassium carbonate, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a potassium carbonate, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a potassium carbonate is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a potassium carbonate is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a potassium carbonate, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a potassium carbonate, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a potassium carbonate is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 9, "layers": 20, "findings": 22, "questions": 60 } } } }