{ "model": { "rank": 3214, "code": "thing-q3919027", "model_id": "vr.tr.mangifera-indica", "name": "Mangifera indica", "purpose": "Enable an agent to identify Mangifera indica, distinguish taxon-level knowledge from the condition of particular mango trees or populations, and evaluate appropriate cultivation, monitoring and conservation actions.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.LIV", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q3919027/", "tier": 2, "score": 89, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "Harumanis" ], "aliasCount": 1, "merged": 1, "knownIn": 89, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q3919027", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3919027", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-07T14:09:58Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 30.4, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.3\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a07c33-02d2-7c53-ac42-039e2dd91326\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: Mangifera indica\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: PHY.LIV\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 546 things:\n# Batch 003: 1001", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 86.2, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.3\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a07c33-02e4-7bd1-b652-690acfc570f5\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: Mangifera indica\nRegistry id: vr.tr.mangifera-indica\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.LIV\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry:" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q3919027", "registryId": "vr.tr.mangifera-indica", "name": "Mangifera indica", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.LIV" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q3919027/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.mangifera-indica", "name": "Mangifera indica", "purpose": "Enable an agent to identify Mangifera indica, distinguish taxon-level knowledge from the condition of particular mango trees or populations, and evaluate appropriate cultivation, monitoring and conservation actions.", "definition": "Mangifera indica L. is a species of evergreen flowering tree in the family Anacardiaceae, native to tropical Asia and widely cultivated for its fleshy, single-stoned fruit, the mango.", "scope_statement": "This model owns the species concept Mangifera indica and the evidence needed to describe its populations and living individuals, including cultivar identity, propagation history, development, environmental suitability and health.", "in_scope": [ "Accepted species identity, taxonomic authority, synonyms and identifiers linked to their sources", "Distinctions among the species, wild or cultivated populations, cultivars and individual trees", "Diagnostic morphology and evidence separating Mangifera indica from related Mangifera species and hybrids", "Seedling development, vegetative growth, flowering, fruiting and propagation", "Native and introduced occurrence, growing conditions and conservation assessments", "Individual tree condition and evidence supporting cultivation or protection decisions" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Harvested mango products, food processing, nutrition and commercial quality grading", "General orchard business management, labour planning and commodity markets", "Other Mangifera species except where needed for identification or graft relationships", "Independent models of pathogens, insect pests and pollinating organisms", "Human clinical diagnosis or treatment following exposure to mango tissues", "Cultivars treated as separate species or individual trees treated as representatives of all populations" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Require species-level identification evidence; the common name mango or a nursery label alone does not distinguish Mangifera indica from related species or hybrids.", "Check a combination of leaf, inflorescence, flower and fruit characters against a botanical key; fruit colour, size or sweetness alone is insufficient.", "For fruit-bearing specimens, examine the fleshy drupe and enclosed stone alongside vegetative and floral evidence, rather than identifying the species from edible flesh alone.", "Separate cultivar identification from species identification: a tree can be securely identified as Mangifera indica while its cultivar remains unknown.", "Inspect graft unions and growth origin so rootstock shoots, scion growth and their potentially different identities are not conflated." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Taxonomic identity", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Accepted name; authority and publication date; synonyms; GBIF and NCBI identifiers; source and retrieval date", "why_it_matters": "Anchors records to a documented species concept and exposes disagreement among taxonomic sources." }, { "name": "Biological subject", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Species; population; individual tree; rootstock component; scion component", "why_it_matters": "Prevents population assessments and component-specific observations from being assigned to the wrong subject." }, { "name": "Cultivar and propagation identity", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Cultivar claim and confidence; seed parent if known; seed-grown or vegetatively propagated; rootstock-scion relationship", "why_it_matters": "Supports interpretation of variation without assuming seed offspring retain a named cultivar's identity." }, { "name": "Identification confidence", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Unverified; provisional; expert-confirmed; voucher-supported; molecularly supported, with evidence limitations", "why_it_matters": "Determines whether species-dependent action is justified or further identification is necessary." }, { "name": "Developmental and reproductive condition", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Seed; seedling; juvenile; mature vegetative; flowering; fruit-setting; fruit-developing; declining, with observation date", "why_it_matters": "Distinguishes developmental stage from seasonal activity and guides intervention timing." }, { "name": "Tree dimensions", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Height and canopy spread in m; trunk diameter in cm at a stated measurement position", "why_it_matters": "Supports growth tracking, spacing and inspection while retaining the effects of pruning and grafting." }, { "name": "Occurrence and establishment", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Coordinates and date; native, introduced or uncertain origin; planted, escaped, naturalized or uncertain establishment", "why_it_matters": "Separates cultivation records from evidence of independently established populations." }, { "name": "Growing environment", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Temperature in °C; rainfall or irrigation in mm per stated interval; soil pH; drainage class; exposure history", "why_it_matters": "Allows suitability and stress to be assessed against local, stage-specific and cultivar-specific evidence." }, { "name": "Tree health", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Symptoms by tissue; severity; progression; diagnostic confidence; suspected or confirmed cause", "why_it_matters": "Keeps visible damage distinct from diagnosis and supports proportionate intervention." }, { "name": "Conservation assessment", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Assessment system, category, assessment year, geographic scope and source; unknown when unverified", "why_it_matters": "Prevents abundance in cultivation from being substituted for the condition of wild populations." } ], "affordances": [ "Assess whether a specimen can be identified as Mangifera indica and request the missing diagnostic evidence.", "Link a tree to its population, cultivar claim and rootstock-scion history without merging those identities.", "Track growth, flowering and fruit development to support locally appropriate cultivation decisions.", "Evaluate planting or propagation suitability using site conditions, provenance and applicable movement restrictions.", "Triage tree damage and determine whether monitoring, diagnostic sampling or specialist assessment is warranted.", "Compare population observations with geographically and temporally appropriate conservation evidence." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "mango-identity-and-boundaries", "name": "Mango identity and boundaries", "description": "Establish what Mangifera indica means in this record and which biological subject is being described.", "rationale": "Mango names, cultivar labels and grafted trees can each conceal different identity claims.", "layers": [ { "id": "species-concept", "name": "Species concept", "description": "Connect the registered thing to an accepted and traceable taxonomic treatment.", "findings": [ { "id": "accepted-name-and-identifiers", "name": "Accepted name and identifiers", "description": "Record the accepted binomial, naming authority, original publication date and external identifiers as source-backed claims.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which taxonomic treatment accepts Mangifera indica, and what authority, publication date and synonyms does it give?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "accepted-name-and-identifiers-q01" }, { "text": "Which GBIF and NCBI taxonomy records correspond to that species concept, and do their boundaries agree?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "accepted-name-and-identifiers-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "specimen-and-cultivar-resolution", "name": "Specimen and cultivar resolution", "description": "Identify a particular tree without overstating its cultivar or component identity.", "findings": [ { "id": "diagnostic-evidence", "name": "Diagnostic evidence", "description": "Require diagnostic characters appropriate to the specimen's stage and distinguish species confirmation from cultivar attribution.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which observed leaf, flower and fruit characters distinguish this specimen from locally plausible Mangifera relatives or hybrids?", "kind": "definition", "id": "diagnostic-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "What voucher, expert determination or propagation record supports its species and cultivar labels?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "diagnostic-evidence-q02" }, { "text": "Does the observation describe the whole tree, its scion or a shoot arising from its rootstock?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "diagnostic-evidence-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "mango-development-and-reproduction", "name": "Mango development and reproduction", "description": "Describe establishment, growth and reproductive activity as observed processes.", "rationale": "Tree age, vegetative growth, flowering and fruit production require separate evidence and may vary with site and cultivar.", "layers": [ { "id": "establishment-and-growth", "name": "Establishment and growth", "description": "Track development from seed or propagated planting material to an established tree.", "findings": [ { "id": "developmental-status", "name": "Developmental status", "description": "Record age evidence, propagation origin, dimensions and growth history without using size alone to infer maturity.", "questions": [ { "text": "Was the tree raised from seed or propagated vegetatively, and what dates establish its age and planting history?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "developmental-status-q01" }, { "text": "What changes in height, canopy, trunk diameter and vegetative flushing were observed over a stated interval?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "developmental-status-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "flowering-and-fruit-set", "name": "Flowering and fruit set", "description": "Separate floral observations, pollination evidence and subsequent fruit development.", "findings": [ { "id": "reproductive-performance", "name": "Reproductive performance", "description": "Describe flower types at the flower level rather than assigning an unsupported male or female identity to the tree.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which flower types occur in the observed inflorescences, and how were they identified and counted?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "reproductive-performance-q01" }, { "text": "When did flowering, initial fruit set, fruit loss and maturity occur for this cultivar at this site?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "reproductive-performance-q02" }, { "text": "What evidence would justify an intervention for poor fruit set rather than attributing it immediately to pollination failure?", "kind": "action", "id": "reproductive-performance-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "mango-range-and-populations", "name": "Mango range and populations", "description": "Place occurrences within documented biogeographic and conservation contexts.", "rationale": "A widely planted fruit tree needs explicit separation of cultivation, natural establishment and native population status.", "layers": [ { "id": "origin-and-establishment", "name": "Origin and establishment", "description": "Distinguish historical range claims from modern occurrence records.", "findings": [ { "id": "native-versus-planted-occurrence", "name": "Native versus planted occurrence", "description": "Attach origin and establishment classifications to geographically bounded evidence.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which authoritative sources delimit the native range, and where do they report uncertainty associated with cultivation history?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "native-versus-planted-occurrence-q01" }, { "text": "Does this occurrence represent a planted tree, an escape or a population reproducing without planting?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "native-versus-planted-occurrence-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "wild-population-condition", "name": "Wild population condition", "description": "Evaluate conservation evidence independently of orchard abundance.", "findings": [ { "id": "assessment-and-recruitment", "name": "Assessment and recruitment", "description": "Keep published conservation status separate from local evidence of population persistence.", "questions": [ { "text": "What verified IUCN or regional assessment applies, including assessment year, category and geographic scope?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "assessment-and-recruitment-q01" }, { "text": "What observations establish recruitment, adult survival and threats in the particular population?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "assessment-and-recruitment-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "mango-cultivation-and-propagation", "name": "Mango cultivation and propagation", "description": "Connect planting and propagation choices to site evidence and plant identity.", "rationale": "Cultivar performance, seedling variation and graft composition affect what an agent can responsibly infer or recommend.", "layers": [ { "id": "site-fit", "name": "Site fit", "description": "Evaluate local growing conditions against evidence relevant to the planting material.", "findings": [ { "id": "environmental-suitability", "name": "Environmental suitability", "description": "Record thermal exposure, water supply and drainage without inventing universal mango tolerance thresholds.", "questions": [ { "text": "What temperature extremes, water availability and drainage conditions have been measured at the proposed site?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "environmental-suitability-q01" }, { "text": "Which cultivar-, rootstock- and life-stage-specific evidence supports planting here or modifying irrigation and drainage?", "kind": "action", "id": "environmental-suitability-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "propagation-fidelity", "name": "Propagation fidelity", "description": "Track how planting material was produced and what identity claims follow from that method.", "findings": [ { "id": "seed-and-graft-lineage", "name": "Seed and graft lineage", "description": "Record embryony evidence, seedling origin and graft lineage without assuming all seedlings are genetically equivalent to their parent.", "questions": [ { "text": "What evidence establishes monoembryony or polyembryony for this seed source, and does it establish the origin of the particular seedling?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "seed-and-graft-lineage-q01" }, { "text": "Which documented scion and rootstock identities, compatibility evidence and plant-health requirements support the proposed propagation or movement?", "kind": "action", "id": "seed-and-graft-lineage-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "mango-health-and-intervention", "name": "Mango health and intervention", "description": "Interpret tissue-specific damage and choose evidence-based responses.", "rationale": "Damage to mango foliage, flowers, fruit, roots or graft unions can require different diagnoses and actions.", "layers": [ { "id": "symptoms-and-causes", "name": "Symptoms and causes", "description": "Distinguish observations from causal explanations.", "findings": [ { "id": "tissue-specific-diagnosis", "name": "Tissue-specific diagnosis", "description": "Record affected tissues, timing and spread before attributing symptoms to a pest, pathogen or environmental stress.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which leaves, inflorescences, fruits, branches, roots or graft tissues are affected, and how quickly is damage progressing?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "tissue-specific-diagnosis-q01" }, { "text": "What inspection or laboratory evidence distinguishes the suspected biological cause from water, temperature or nutrient stress?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "tissue-specific-diagnosis-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "response-and-follow-up", "name": "Response and follow-up", "description": "Make interventions conditional on diagnosis, tree stage and local requirements.", "findings": [ { "id": "justified-tree-care", "name": "Justified tree care", "description": "Connect monitoring, sanitation, pruning or treatment to an explicit objective and observable outcome.", "questions": [ { "text": "Given diagnostic confidence and the tree's flowering or fruiting stage, what evidence supports monitoring, sampling, sanitation, pruning or treatment?", "kind": "action", "id": "justified-tree-care-q01" }, { "text": "What follow-up observations and time interval would show recovery, continued decline or a need to revise the diagnosis?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "justified-tree-care-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "This is recalled knowledge, without source consultation; verify database identifiers and applicable standard revisions before reuse.", "Check the current IUCN assessment category and assessment year; neither is asserted here.", "Verify native-range boundaries and cultivar-specific measurements; sexual expression, seed embryony and growth vary, and trees are not simply divided into separate male and female sexes." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of Mangifera indica this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "'Alphonso' cultivar", "'Tommy Atkins' cultivar", "'Kent' cultivar", "'Keitt' cultivar", "'Ataulfo' cultivar", "'Haden' cultivar" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of Mangifera indica this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "Botanical nomenclature", "value_or_pattern": "Mangifera indica L.", "note": "L. denotes Linnaeus, who published the species name in 1753." }, { "scheme": "NCBI Taxonomy", "value_or_pattern": "29780", "note": "Taxonomy identifier for Mangifera indica." }, { "scheme": "GBIF taxon key", "value_or_pattern": "Numeric taxon identifier", "note": "The species-level key should be checked against the accepted taxonomic record." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of Mangifera indica this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "The International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants, adopted through International Botanical Congresses, governs the scientific name.", "Codex Alimentarius Commission CXS 184-1993, Standard for Mangoes, addresses fresh mango fruit quality and presentation.", "National plant protection organisations impose destination-specific phytosanitary requirements on mango fruit and planting material." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of Mangifera indica this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Fresh fruit consumption.", "Processing into purées, juices, dried fruit, preserves and pickles.", "Cultivar breeding and grafted orchard production.", "Timber production from suitable harvested trees.", "Shade and ornamental planting in suitable climates." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of Mangifera indica this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Mature tree height", "typical_range": "Approximately 10-30; orchard trees are commonly maintained shorter by pruning", "unit": "m" }, { "quantity": "Individual cultivated fruit mass", "typical_range": "Approximately 100-1000, with cultivars outside this range", "unit": "g" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of Mangifera indica this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Anthracnose can damage flowers and fruit and cause postharvest decay.", "Powdery mildew can impair flowering and fruit set.", "Fruit flies can infest fruit and trigger quarantine restrictions.", "Sap and peel can cause contact dermatitis in susceptible people; mango can also cause food allergy.", "Frost, prolonged waterlogging and unsuitable weather during flowering can damage trees or reduce yields." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of Mangifera indica this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "The native range is generally placed around northeastern South Asia and adjoining Myanmar; ancient cultivation complicates its precise boundaries.", "Indian and Southeast Asian cultivar groups commonly differ in seed embryony: many Indian cultivars are monoembryonic, while many Southeast Asian cultivars are polyembryonic.", "Cultivar preferences, harvest seasons and pest pressures vary across tropical and subtropical production regions." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of Mangifera indica this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Mango fruit", "difference": "The fruit is a reproductive organ and harvested commodity; Mangifera indica denotes the species." }, { "name": "Mangifera", "difference": "The genus contains multiple species; Mangifera indica is one member." }, { "name": "Mangifera odorata", "difference": "A separately named Mangifera taxon, commonly called kuini, rather than a cultivar of Mangifera indica." }, { "name": "A mango cultivar", "difference": "A cultivar is a selected cultivated form within the species, rather than the species as a whole." }, { "name": "A mango population or individual tree", "difference": "A population is a geographically or reproductively defined group, and an individual is one organism; neither is the entire species." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of Mangifera indica this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Which accepted taxonomic treatment, authority and publication date, GBIF identifier and NCBI taxonomy identifier should anchor this registry entry?", "How do authoritative sources delimit the native range, and which boundaries remain uncertain because of historical cultivation?", "What verified IUCN assessment category and assessment year apply, and how do regional assessments differ?", "Which diagnostic characters reliably distinguish Mangifera indica from relevant relatives and hybrids when flowers or mature fruit are unavailable?", "Which cultivar and rootstock differences in embryony, environmental tolerance and reproductive behaviour require explicit extensions to this species-level model?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 19, "questions": 31 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "organism", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a Mangifera indica, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an agent to identify Mangifera indica, distinguish taxon-level knowledge from the condition of particular mango trees or populations, and evaluate appropriate cultivation, monitoring and conservation actions.", "characteristics": { "substance": "living", "origin": "natural", "agency": "autonomous", "mobility": "self-moving" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: Harumanis.", "1 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 89 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a Mangifera indica, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "a living thing", "physicalCharacter": [ "Moves under its own power or of its own accord.", "Acts on its own behalf.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Recognised by diagnostic characters, and those differ by life stage - the young of many kinds are mistaken for other kinds entirely. A sighting is settled by characters, a photograph and a place, not by a name alone." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "Harumanis" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 89 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 1 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one Mangifera indica from another, and a Mangifera indica from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a Mangifera indica, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a Mangifera indica, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a Mangifera indica is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a Mangifera indica, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a Mangifera indica, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a Mangifera indica is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a Mangifera indica sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a Mangifera indica, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a Mangifera indica, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a Mangifera indica is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a Mangifera indica from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a Mangifera indica, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a Mangifera indica, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a Mangifera indica is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a Mangifera indica is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a Mangifera indica, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a Mangifera indica, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a Mangifera indica is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Anatomy, parts and life stage.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and life stages", "description": "The parts of a Mangifera indica and the stages it passes through.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a Mangifera indica, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a Mangifera indica, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a Mangifera indica is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a Mangifera indica is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a Mangifera indica, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a Mangifera indica, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a Mangifera indica is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a Mangifera indica is, how it got there and where it may go (self-moving).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a Mangifera indica is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a Mangifera indica, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a Mangifera indica, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a Mangifera indica is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a Mangifera indica moves on its own.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a Mangifera indica, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a Mangifera indica, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a Mangifera indica is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a Mangifera indica passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a Mangifera indica between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a Mangifera indica, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a Mangifera indica, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a Mangifera indica is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a Mangifera indica, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a Mangifera indica is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a Mangifera indica, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a Mangifera indica, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a Mangifera indica is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "taxonomic-placement", "name": "Taxonomic placement and identification", "description": "What Mangifera indica is called scientifically, by whose authority, and how a specimen is recognised.", "rationale": "Names change with revisions while the organism does not, so a name without its authority and date cannot be reconciled later.", "layers": [ { "id": "accepted-name", "name": "Accepted name and synonymy", "description": "The current binomial, its author and date, and the names it replaced.", "findings": [ { "id": "name-and-authority", "name": "Accepted name, authority and synonyms", "description": "What to record so a later revision can be applied without losing the old data.", "questions": [ { "id": "name-and-authority-q01", "text": "What is the accepted scientific name of Mangifera indica, with its author and year, and which synonyms does it absorb?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "name-and-authority-q02", "text": "Which taxonomic authority is being followed, and what would a competing authority say?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "field-identification", "name": "Field identification", "description": "The characters that separate Mangifera indica from what it is confused with.", "findings": [ { "id": "diagnostic-characters", "name": "Diagnostic characters and confusable kinds", "description": "Features that settle an identification, and those that only suggest it.", "questions": [ { "id": "diagnostic-characters-q01", "text": "Which observable characters distinguish Mangifera indica from its closest look-alikes, and at which life stage are they visible?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "diagnostic-characters-q02", "text": "What evidence is enough to record an identification as confirmed rather than provisional?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "life-cycle-and-condition", "name": "Life stages, condition and behaviour", "description": "What Mangifera indica does over its life and how its state is judged.", "rationale": "Stage and condition change what may be done - handled, treated, harvested, left alone - and both are observations with a time.", "layers": [ { "id": "stages-and-reproduction", "name": "Stages and reproduction", "description": "Development from origin to death, including forms that look like different animals.", "findings": [ { "id": "life-stages", "name": "Life stages and their marks", "description": "The stages worth recording and what tells them apart.", "questions": [ { "id": "life-stages-q01", "text": "What stages does Mangifera indica pass through, and what observable change marks each transition?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "life-stages-q02", "text": "Which stages are so unlike the adult that they are mistaken for another kind?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "health-and-condition", "name": "Health and condition", "description": "How condition is assessed and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition assessment", "description": "Signs of health, injury and stress, and who is competent to judge them.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "How is the condition of Mangifera indica judged, on what scale, and by whom?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "What condition obliges an agent to act, and what act is permitted to whom?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "range-and-status", "name": "Habitat, range and conservation status", "description": "Where Mangifera indica lives and how threatened it is.", "rationale": "Range and status govern what is lawful, and both are assessments with an assessor and a year rather than facts of nature.", "layers": [ { "id": "habitat-and-range", "name": "Habitat and range", "description": "Native range, introductions and the habitat it needs.", "findings": [ { "id": "range-record", "name": "Range, introductions and habitat", "description": "What to record about where it is found and how it got there.", "questions": [ { "id": "range-record-q01", "text": "What is the native range of Mangifera indica, where has it been introduced, and what habitat does it require?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "range-record-q02", "text": "What distinguishes a native record from an introduced or vagrant one?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "protection-status", "name": "Protection and legal status", "description": "Conservation assessments and the rules that follow from them.", "findings": [ { "id": "status-and-rules", "name": "Conservation status and legal consequence", "description": "The assessment, its date, and what it forbids or requires where.", "questions": [ { "id": "status-and-rules-q01", "text": "What conservation status does Mangifera indica hold, under which assessment and year?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "status-and-rules-q02", "text": "What does that status forbid or require of an agent, and in which jurisdiction?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a Mangifera indica came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a Mangifera indica and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a Mangifera indica, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a Mangifera indica, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a Mangifera indica is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a Mangifera indica is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a Mangifera indica, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a Mangifera indica, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a Mangifera indica is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 8, "layers": 17, "findings": 19, "questions": 51 } } } }