{ "model": { "rank": 6687, "code": "thing-q392928", "model_id": "vr.tr.period", "name": "period", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise a period as a temporal extent, assess how its boundaries are established, and determine which temporal comparisons or operations are justified.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Cross-cutting context", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "XCT", "domain": "XCT.TME", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q392928/", "tier": 2, "score": 59, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "thalassocratic period", "Juan Crow era" ], "aliasCount": 2, "merged": 2, "knownIn": 59, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": "vr.tr.period-communication", "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q392928", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q392928", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-09T23:17:11Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 18.9, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a08875-3877-7440-9259-a1cb04ac2d64\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: period\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: XCT.TME\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 1001 things:\n# Batch 007: 1001 register", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 53.2, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a08875-3883-7860-8328-8ff5d8eca868\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: period\nRegistry id: vr.tr.period-q392928\nPlane / domain: XCT / XCT.TME\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\n\nCo" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q392928", "registryId": "vr.tr.period-q392928", "name": "period", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "XCT.TME" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q392928/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.period-q392928", "name": "period", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise a period as a temporal extent, assess how its boundaries are established, and determine which temporal comparisons or operations are justified.", "definition": "A period is an extent of time delimited by boundaries or distinguished by a recurring process, characteristic conditions, or an adopted convention.", "scope_statement": "This model owns the identification, delimitation, measurement and temporal relationships of a period, provisionally interpreted as an extent of time; it accommodates conventionally named intervals and recurring occurrences while leaving specialised meanings to neighbouring models.", "in_scope": [ "Temporal extent and the rule that identifies a particular period", "Start and end boundaries, including uncertain, open and disputed boundaries", "Duration, temporal resolution and the reference system used to express them", "Named or conventional periodisation and its attribution", "Containment, overlap, succession and membership in a recurring series" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Events and processes occurring during a period, beyond their role in identifying its boundaries", "Rotation period as a specialised measure tied to a rotating system", "Calendars, clocks and time scales as systems in their own right", "Historical participants, causes and consequences beyond claims needed to delimit a period", "Non-temporal senses of period, including punctuation and mathematical structures" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "A period has temporal extent; an instant identifies a temporal position without extent at the adopted resolution.", "A located period can have a duration, but a duration alone does not identify when that period occurs.", "An event may establish a period's boundary or occupy it; the period itself does not specify what happened.", "A period need not recur; recurrence requires a separate rule connecting multiple occurrences.", "A rotation period additionally requires a rotating system and a criterion for completing a rotation." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Identification basis", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "explicit endpoints | named convention | boundary events | relative rule | recurrence rule | unresolved", "why_it_matters": "Determines what evidence is needed to recognise the same period across descriptions." }, { "name": "Temporal reference system", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Applicable calendar, time scale, time zone or relative temporal origin", "why_it_matters": "Makes boundary expressions interpretable and determines whether comparisons require conversion." }, { "name": "Boundary expressions", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Start and end positions, boundary events or rules, with inclusion conventions", "why_it_matters": "Establishes which temporal positions belong to the period." }, { "name": "Boundary certainty", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "For each boundary: exact at stated resolution | approximate | disputed | unknown | explicitly unbounded", "why_it_matters": "Prevents missing information from being treated as a definite boundary or an absence of limits." }, { "name": "Duration", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Value or range in stated elapsed-time units, or calendar-relative amount with calculation convention", "why_it_matters": "Supports length comparisons without assuming that calendar units always have fixed elapsed lengths." }, { "name": "Temporal resolution", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Smallest supported temporal distinction, such as second, day, year or an explicitly described interval", "why_it_matters": "Limits the precision of boundary placement and derived comparisons." }, { "name": "Temporal relationships", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "before | after | meets | overlaps | contains | during | coextensive, relative to another temporal extent", "why_it_matters": "Allows an agent to position the period among other periods while preserving uncertainty." }, { "name": "Recurrence membership", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "No recurrence asserted, or link to a series with occurrence identifier and recurrence rule", "why_it_matters": "Separates one occurrence from the pattern that generates or groups occurrences." } ], "affordances": [ "Resolve a period name or relative expression into attributed candidate boundaries.", "Determine whether a dated observation falls inside, outside or ambiguously near a boundary.", "Calculate a duration or duration range when the boundary evidence and reference system permit it.", "Compare periods for overlap, containment and succession with explicit uncertainty.", "Partition or aggregate periods while recording gaps, overlaps and endpoint conventions.", "Associate an occurrence with a recurring series without assuming exact repetition." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "period-identity", "name": "Period identity", "description": "What makes this temporal extent a distinct period and what its label denotes.", "rationale": "The word period can designate a located interval, a named temporal grouping or a recurring occurrence; agents must establish the intended referent before operating on it.", "layers": [ { "id": "temporal-referent", "name": "Temporal referent", "description": "Distinguish the period from its length, its contents and its recurrence pattern.", "findings": [ { "id": "referent-test", "name": "Referent test", "description": "Establish whether the expression identifies a temporal extent rather than merely a quantity of time or an event.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does this expression identify when an extent occurs, how long it lasts, or a rule for producing occurrences?", "kind": "definition", "id": "referent-test-q01" }, { "text": "Which properties identify this period independently of the events taking place within it?", "kind": "definition", "id": "referent-test-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "naming-and-convention", "name": "Naming and convention", "description": "Connect named periods to the practices or authorities that define their temporal reach.", "findings": [ { "id": "name-resolution", "name": "Name resolution", "description": "Treat shared names as potentially ambiguous until their convention and context are known.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which source or community defines the temporal extent associated with this name?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "name-resolution-q01" }, { "text": "Do different uses of this name designate the same extent, overlapping extents or separate occurrences?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "name-resolution-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "temporal-boundaries", "name": "Temporal boundaries", "description": "How the period begins and ends, and how confidently those limits can be placed.", "rationale": "Membership and temporal comparisons depend on boundaries that may be conventional, event-defined, incomplete or disputed.", "layers": [ { "id": "boundary-rules", "name": "Boundary rules", "description": "Specify endpoint expressions and the conditions under which they delimit the period.", "findings": [ { "id": "endpoint-definition", "name": "Endpoint definition", "description": "Identify the start and end separately, including whether an endpoint belongs to the period.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which dates, events or rules establish the start and end of this period?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "endpoint-definition-q01" }, { "text": "Are the endpoints included, excluded or left unspecified, and how are observations exactly at a boundary treated?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "endpoint-definition-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "boundary-uncertainty", "name": "Boundary uncertainty", "description": "Preserve missing, approximate and competing boundary claims without collapsing them into one asserted interval.", "findings": [ { "id": "alternative-delimitations", "name": "Alternative delimitations", "description": "Separate disagreement about a boundary from uncertainty within a single account.", "questions": [ { "text": "For each endpoint, is the limit unknown, explicitly absent, approximate or disputed between sources?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "alternative-delimitations-q01" }, { "text": "Which evidence supports each candidate delimitation, and does it concern the same interpretation of the period?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "alternative-delimitations-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "temporal-measurement", "name": "Temporal measurement", "description": "Express and measure the period using an explicit temporal frame and supported precision.", "rationale": "Dates and lengths cannot be compared reliably when their reference systems, calendar conventions or precision differ.", "layers": [ { "id": "reference-frame", "name": "Reference frame", "description": "Identify the temporal coordinates needed to interpret boundary expressions.", "findings": [ { "id": "coordinate-interpretation", "name": "Coordinate interpretation", "description": "Make absolute and relative boundary expressions comparable only through justified mappings.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which calendar, time scale, time zone or relative origin is required to interpret each boundary?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "coordinate-interpretation-q01" }, { "text": "Can the boundaries be expressed in a common reference system without introducing unsupported precision or resolving an ambiguity by assumption?", "kind": "action", "id": "coordinate-interpretation-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "length-and-resolution", "name": "Length and resolution", "description": "Distinguish elapsed duration from calendar counting and constrain results to the available evidence.", "findings": [ { "id": "duration-derivation", "name": "Duration derivation", "description": "Derive the period's length using stated units, endpoint assumptions and uncertainty.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is the requested length elapsed time, a calendar-relative amount or a count of included calendar units?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "duration-derivation-q01" }, { "text": "What value, range or bound on duration is justified by the endpoint uncertainty and temporal resolution?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "duration-derivation-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "temporal-composition", "name": "Temporal composition", "description": "Relate the period to other extents, observations and recurring occurrences.", "rationale": "Agents use periods to organise time; valid grouping and comparison require explicit membership, continuity and recurrence rules.", "layers": [ { "id": "membership-and-partition", "name": "Membership and partition", "description": "Assess containment and the effects of splitting or joining temporal extents.", "findings": [ { "id": "interval-operations", "name": "Interval operations", "description": "Determine which interval relationships and transformations the boundary evidence supports.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is a given observation or subperiod definitely inside, definitely outside or only possibly within this period?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "interval-operations-q01" }, { "text": "When splitting or joining these periods, do the boundary conventions produce gaps, overlaps or a continuous extent?", "kind": "action", "id": "interval-operations-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "recurring-occurrences", "name": "Recurring occurrences", "description": "Connect individual periods to a series without confusing occurrence identity with cycle length.", "findings": [ { "id": "recurrence-rule", "name": "Recurrence rule", "description": "Establish whether recurrence is asserted and which rule distinguishes successive occurrences.", "questions": [ { "text": "What rule and temporal anchor identify successive occurrences, and are their lengths fixed, calendar-dependent or variable?", "kind": "definition", "id": "recurrence-rule-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence permits an agent to infer a later occurrence, and how should exceptions or interrupted recurrence be represented?", "kind": "action", "id": "recurrence-rule-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "The temporal sense is inferred from domain XCT.TME; the registry supplies no definition to distinguish a general interval from a cycle period.", "Geological period is a formal rank, whereas historical period boundaries may depend on interpretation.", "This is recall-based information; no sources were consulted." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of period this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Calendar period", "Historical period", "Geological period", "Reporting or accounting period", "Period of a recurring process" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of period this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "ISO 8601 time-interval representation", "value_or_pattern": "start/end or start/duration", "note": "Represents temporal extent; it is not a unique identifier for a named period." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of period this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "ISO 8601, issued by the International Organization for Standardization, specifies representations of dates, times, durations and time intervals.", "The International Chronostratigraphic Chart, maintained by the International Commission on Stratigraphy, provides the standard framework for named geological periods and their boundaries." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of period this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Grouping historical evidence into periods with shared characteristics", "Defining reporting, accounting and statistical observation windows", "Scheduling activities within calendar intervals", "Expressing the time required for one cycle of a recurring process", "Organizing geological time" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of period this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Duration", "typical_range": "No universal range; depends on the boundaries and application.", "unit": "second or an explicitly specified calendar unit" }, { "quantity": "Cycle period", "typical_range": "Positive; for a periodic process, T = 1/f.", "unit": "second" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of period this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Confusing a situated interval with its duration", "Treating disputed or approximate boundaries as exact", "Assuming calendar months or years have a fixed duration in seconds", "Leaving endpoint inclusion unspecified, causing gaps or double counting", "Using a single cycle period for a process whose recurrence varies" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of period this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Calendars and fiscal-year conventions produce different period boundaries.", "Historical period names and boundaries vary between regions and scholarly traditions.", "Local time zones and daylight-saving rules can change the elapsed duration of calendar-based periods." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of period this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "time interval", "difference": "A time interval emphasizes temporal boundaries; period can additionally denote a named historical division or a cycle duration." }, { "name": "duration", "difference": "Duration measures temporal extent without necessarily locating it on a timeline." }, { "name": "instant", "difference": "An instant is a temporal position without extent." }, { "name": "frequency", "difference": "Frequency counts cycles per unit time; period measures time per cycle." }, { "name": "rotation period", "difference": "A rotation period specifically measures one complete rotation relative to a stated reference frame." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of period this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Does registry id vr.tr.period-q392928 denote a general temporal extent, a recurrence duration or a narrower sense of period?", "Must every period be continuous, or does the registry admit named periods composed of separated intervals?", "Should explicitly unbounded extents and zero-duration limits count as periods, or belong to neighbouring temporal concepts?", "When competing conventions assign different boundaries to one named period, should they be interpretations of one referent or distinct registered periods?", "How should the general period model relate to rotation period so that cycle-specific measurements are owned by the specialised model?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 9, "findings": 17, "questions": 25 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "event or period", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a period, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an agent to recognise a period as a temporal extent, assess how its boundaries are established, and determine which temporal comparisons or operations are justified.", "characteristics": { "substance": "abstract", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: thalassocratic period, Juan Crow era.", "2 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 59 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a period, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "an abstraction with no physical instance", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Not a thing to see. Recognised by when it happened and who was involved, on the account of somebody." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "thalassocratic period", "Juan Crow era" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 59 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 2 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one period from another, and a period from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a period, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a period, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a period is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a period, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a period, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a period is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a period sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a period, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a period, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a period is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a period from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a period, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a period, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a period is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a period passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a period between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a period, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a period, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a period is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a period, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a period is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a period, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a period, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a period is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "extent-and-dating", "name": "Temporal extent and dating", "description": "When period began and ended, and who says so.", "rationale": "Dates for events are conventions held by historiographies that disagree, and a single confident date hides the disagreement.", "layers": [ { "id": "dating", "name": "Dating and calendar", "description": "Start, end, granularity and the calendar used.", "findings": [ { "id": "date-record", "name": "Dates, granularity and authority", "description": "What is dated, how precisely, and on whose account.", "questions": [ { "id": "date-record-q01", "text": "What start and end are conventionally given for period, at what granularity, in which calendar?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "date-record-q02", "text": "Which accounts date it differently, and on what grounds?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "membership-of-the-event", "name": "What counts as part of it", "description": "Sub-events included or excluded, and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "inclusion", "name": "Inclusion and exclusion", "description": "The episodes treated as inside the event and those left out.", "questions": [ { "id": "inclusion-q01", "text": "Which episodes are counted as part of period, and which are treated as separate?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "inclusion-q02", "text": "Whose framing is being followed in that inclusion, and who frames it otherwise?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "participants-and-consequence", "name": "Participants, causes and consequences", "description": "Who took part in period and what is claimed to follow from it.", "rationale": "Causation around events is asserted rather than observed, so each claim needs the party asserting it.", "layers": [ { "id": "participants", "name": "Participants and roles", "description": "Parties involved and what each did.", "findings": [ { "id": "participant-record", "name": "Parties and their roles", "description": "Who is recorded as involved and in what capacity.", "questions": [ { "id": "participant-record-q01", "text": "Which parties took part in period, in what roles, and on whose account?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "participant-record-q02", "text": "Where do accounts disagree about who was involved?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "consequences", "name": "Causes and consequences", "description": "What is claimed to have caused it and followed from it.", "findings": [ { "id": "causal-claims", "name": "Causal claims and who makes them", "description": "Antecedents and outcomes as attributed claims.", "questions": [ { "id": "causal-claims-q01", "text": "What causes and consequences are attributed to period, and by whom?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "causal-claims-q02", "text": "What would an agent need before treating such a claim as settled rather than contested?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a period came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a period and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a period, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a period, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a period is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a period is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a period, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a period, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a period is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 10, "findings": 12, "questions": 32 } } } }