← Back to catalogue
Research draft

self-defense

vr.tr.self-defense · XCT.STA

Let an agent explain self-defence in its legal, international and practical senses, relay legal principles with attribution and the need for local legal advice, describe training approaches in general terms, and route people at risk to emergency and support services.

Thing Registry Cross-cutting context

Research draft, second pass

A second pass drafted this model: the structure a model of this thing needs, and what is known about it in the world. The line under this one says how the second half was obtained - researched against sources, or recalled without web access, in which case nothing here was read anywhere and every claim is a lead to verify. Unreviewed either way.

written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify

Researched by: Claude

Purpose and description

Let an agent explain self-defence in its legal, international and practical senses, relay legal principles with attribution and the need for local legal advice, describe training approaches in general terms, and route people at risk to emergency and support services.

The use of reasonable force or other measures to protect oneself or others from harm, recognised as a legal justification in criminal law when force is necessary and proportionate, as a right of states in international law including collective self-defence under the UN Charter, and as a set of skills taught through martial arts such as German ju-jutsu, reality-based self-defence programmes, evasive techniques such as dodging, and verbal self-defence for de-escalation; the legal limits and the effectiveness of training vary and are debated.

What it is for: Protection from harm.

It can be explain legal principles; relay international law; describe training approaches in general terms; route people at risk.

Distinguishing features

Necessity and proportionality

Legal justification

State and individual levels

Training traditions

What it looks like

Not a visible object; legal doctrine and training practice.

How it is recognised

Justified protective force or measures

Criminal law defence, international self-defence, martial arts and reality-based training, verbal self-defence

Retaliation after the fact is not self-defence; defence of property has separate rules

Related models

is a kind of - in registry terms

defense

is governed by - in domestic systems

criminal law

is recognised in - Article 51

Charter of the United Nations

is taught through - and training programmes

martial arts

In practice

Families and kinds

self-defence as a criminal law justification

defence of others

self-defence in international law including collective self-defence

martial arts and systems such as German ju-jutsu

reality-based self-defence programmes

verbal self-defence and de-escalation

evasion such as dodging

Standards and regulation

National criminal codes on justification and proportionality

UN Charter Article 51 and customary international law

Weapons laws limiting what may be carried

Training and certification standards for instructors

Failure modes and hazards

Agents providing operational instruction on harming people

Misstating legal limits, which vary by jurisdiction

Overconfidence from training

Presenting contested legal doctrines as settled

Also called

self-defence in international lawcollective self-defenceGerman ju-jutsudodgingReality Based Self Defenseverbal self-defensewomen's self-defenseruntime application self-protectiondigital self-defense

Where this came from

wikidata · CC0 1.0

Drafted structure

Bundle to layer to finding to question, as the second pass will find it: 4 bundles · 8 layers · 8 findings · 16 questions.

Help Safety first.

Safety.

Danger

Immediate danger.

Danger

Danger.

  1. What should someone do if they are in immediate danger, per emergency guidance? action
  2. Is the user in danger or at risk, which needs emergency or support services now? boundary

Support

Support services.

Support

Support.

  1. What support services exist for people facing violence or threats? provenance
  2. Which entry fits the specific service? action
Law Legal principles.

Regulation.

Principles

Principles.

Principles

Principles.

  1. What principles of necessity, proportionality and imminence define lawful self-defence, with variation by jurisdiction attributed? provenance
  2. Is the user asking about a specific incident, which needs a lawyer? boundary

International

International law.

International

International.

  1. How does international law treat self-defence and collective self-defence under the UN Charter, with debates attributed? provenance
  2. Which references are standard? provenance
Train Training.

Practice.

Approaches

Approaches.

Approaches

Approaches.

  1. What approaches exist, from martial arts such as German ju-jutsu to reality-based programmes and verbal self-defence, in general terms? provenance
  2. Which entry fits the specific system? action

Evidence

Evidence.

Evidence

Evidence.

  1. What does research say about the effectiveness of self-defence training, with findings attributed? provenance
  2. Which sources are cited? provenance
Context History and debates.

Attribution.

History

History.

History

History.

  1. How has the doctrine of self-defence developed in legal history? provenance
  2. Which entry fits the history of criminal law? action

Debates

Debates.

Debates

Debates.

  1. What debates surround stand-your-ground laws, duty to retreat and weapons for self-defence, with positions attributed? provenance
  2. Is the presentation neutral? boundary

What the second pass must settle

  • Should the legal and training senses be separate entries?
  • How should legal sources be linked by jurisdiction?
  • The registry entry has merged aliases naming systems and techniques; should they be split off?