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Research draft

smart card

vr.tr.smart-card · INF.MED

Let an agent explain smart cards and how they work, relay standards, applications and security from technical and standards sources, describe the transport cards and frameworks the registry aliases name, and distinguish smart cards from magnetic stripe cards, RFID tags, mobile wallets and the Opencard software framework, without giving circumvention detail.

Thing Registry Information and virtual systems

Research draft, second pass

A second pass drafted this model: the structure a model of this thing needs, and what is known about it in the world. The line under this one says how the second half was obtained - researched against sources, or recalled without web access, in which case nothing here was read anywhere and every claim is a lead to verify. Unreviewed either way.

written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify

Researched by: Claude

Purpose and description

Let an agent explain smart cards and how they work, relay standards, applications and security from technical and standards sources, describe the transport cards and frameworks the registry aliases name, and distinguish smart cards from magnetic stripe cards, RFID tags, mobile wallets and the Opencard software framework, without giving circumvention detail.

A pocket-sized card with an embedded integrated circuit that stores and processes data, used as a contact card or contactless proximity card for payments, identity, telecommunications SIMs and public transport, such as Singapore s CEPAS standard cards including EZ-Link and NETS FlashPay, Stockholm s SL Access card and the Belgian Opencard framework; smart cards follow standards such as ISO/IEC 7816 and 14443 and include security features against cloning.

What it is for: Secure storage and processing for payments, identity and access.

It can be explain technology and standards; relay applications; describe named systems; distinguish related technologies.

Distinguishing features

Embedded microcontroller

Contact or contactless

Cryptographic security

Many applications

What it looks like

A plastic card with gold contacts or an embedded antenna.

Physical character

contact standard: ISO/IEC 7816 note

contactless standard: ISO/IEC 14443 note

card size: 85.60 x 53.98 mm - ID-1

CEPAS: Singapore standard SS 518 note

How it is recognised

Card with an embedded chip

CEPAS, EZ-Link, NETS FlashPay, SL Access, public transport proximity cards; OpenCard framework

Magnetic stripe cards store data without processing; RFID tags may lack security; mobile wallets use phones

Related models

is a kind of - in registry terms

card

is a kind of - in registry terms

machine-readable medium

follows - and ISO/IEC 14443

ISO/IEC 7816

is contrasted with -

magnetic stripe card

In practice

Families and kinds

payment cards with EMV chips

SIM cards

identity and health cards

contactless transit cards such as EZ-Link, NETS FlashPay and SL Access

access control cards

middleware frameworks such as OpenCard

Standards and regulation

ISO/IEC 7816 and 14443

EMV payment specifications

Data protection and eID regulations

Failure modes and hazards

Card cloning and relay attacks

Agents giving circumvention detail

Registry aliases mixing specific cards and a software framework

Also called

Opencardpublic transport proximity cardSL AccessCEPAS EZ-LinkCEPAS cardNETS FlashPayT-mobilitatIn-kartaSocial Security Card of the People's Republic of Chinacontactless smart cardVirtual Smart CardGirocardproximity cardUniversal Integrated Circuit CardConnexions Cardhealth smart cardOpenPGP cardSega Cardstored-value cardArc cardFeliCaClipper cardK-CASHTaspomonederoTelekartaFeliCa EZ-Link

Where this came from

wikidata · CC0 1.0

Drafted structure

Bundle to layer to finding to question, as the second pass will find it: 4 bundles · 8 layers · 8 findings · 16 questions.

Understand What a smart card is.

Definition.

Definition

Definition.

Definition

Definition.

  1. What is a smart card, and how does it differ from magnetic stripe cards, RFID tags and mobile wallets? definition
  2. Is the question about technology, an application, a specific card or a request to bypass security, which the model refuses? boundary

Named

Named systems.

Named

Named.

  1. What are CEPAS, EZ-Link, NETS FlashPay, SL Access and the OpenCard framework? definition
  2. Which entry fits the specific system? action
Technology Technology.

Science.

Standards

Standards.

Standards

Standards.

  1. What do ISO/IEC 7816 and 14443 define? provenance
  2. Which references are standard? provenance

Security

Security.

Security

Security.

  1. How do smart cards protect data with cryptography and secure elements, at a general level? provenance
  2. Which sources are cited? provenance
Applications Applications.

Application.

Transit

Transport.

Transit

Transit.

  1. How are smart cards used in public transport fare systems? provenance
  2. Which entry fits contactless smart card? action

Payments

Payments and identity.

Payments

Payments.

  1. How are smart cards used for EMV payments and electronic IDs? provenance
  2. Which entry fits EMV? action
Context History.

Context.

History

History.

History

History.

  1. How did smart cards develop from 1970s French and German patents? provenance
  2. Which entry fits the history of smart cards? action

Future

Future.

Future

Future.

  1. How are phones and virtual cards replacing physical smart cards? provenance
  2. Which entry fits mobile payment? action

What the second pass must settle

  • Should contactless transit card be a separate primary entry?
  • How should standards sources be linked?
  • The registry entry has merged aliases naming specific cards and a framework; should they be split off?