{ "model": { "rank": 6971, "code": "thing-q4390259", "model_id": "vr.tr.breakup-of-yugoslavia", "name": "breakup of Yugoslavia", "purpose": "Let an agent explain the breakup of Yugoslavia, relay its causes, the sequence of independence and wars, and the internationally determined atrocities from history and legal sources with court findings and party positions attributed, and distinguish it from the earlier formation of Yugoslavia, the Cold War generally and other state dissolutions, without taking sides.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Activities and processes", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "ACT", "domain": "ACT.PRC", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q4390259/", "tier": 2, "score": 57, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [], "aliasCount": 0, "merged": 0, "knownIn": 57, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q4390259", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4390259", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-14T03:08:28Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 4, "engine": "claude" }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q4390259", "registryId": "vr.tr.breakup-of-yugoslavia", "name": "breakup of Yugoslavia", "version": "0.2.0-wave.4", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "ACT.PRC" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q4390259/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.breakup-of-yugoslavia", "name": "breakup of Yugoslavia", "purpose": "Let an agent explain the breakup of Yugoslavia, relay its causes, the sequence of independence and wars, and the internationally determined atrocities from history and legal sources with court findings and party positions attributed, and distinguish it from the earlier formation of Yugoslavia, the Cold War generally and other state dissolutions, without taking sides.", "definition": "The process by which the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia disintegrated in the early 1990s into separate independent states, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, North Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia and later Kosovo, amid rising nationalism, economic crisis and the collapse of communism, accompanied by a series of wars marked by atrocities including ethnic cleansing and the Srebrenica genocide as determined by international courts; the breakup is a sensitive and contested subject, so causes, responsibility and terminology are presented with the findings of courts and the positions of different parties attributed, and the topic is handled soberly without partisanship.", "what_it_is_for": "Not applicable; a historical process of state dissolution.", "affordances": [ "explain causes and sequence", "relay the wars and court findings with attribution", "present contested responsibility neutrally", "distinguish related events" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "State disintegration", "Rising nationalism", "Series of wars", "Court-determined atrocities" ], "appearance": "Not a physical object; a historical and geopolitical process.", "visual_identification": [ "Disintegration of Yugoslavia into separate states", "Breakup of Yugoslavia, dissolution of Yugoslavia", "The formation of Yugoslavia was its creation; the Cold War is broader; other dissolutions such as the USSR differ" ], "physical_properties": [ { "quantity": "period", "typical_range": "early 1990s onward", "unit": "note", "note": "" }, { "quantity": "successor states", "typical_range": "seven, including Kosovo", "unit": "count", "note": "recognition of Kosovo contested" }, { "quantity": "registry parent", "typical_range": "dismemberment", "unit": "note", "note": "of a state" } ], "families_and_kinds": [ "declarations of independence", "Yugoslav wars", "international interventions and tribunals" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "dissolution of a state", "why": "in registry terms" }, { "relation": "is contrasted with", "target": "creation of Yugoslavia", "why": "" }, { "relation": "led to", "target": "Yugoslav Wars", "why": "" }, { "relation": "is contrasted with", "target": "dissolution of the Soviet Union", "why": "" } ], "identifiers": [], "standards_and_regulation": [ "Rulings of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia", "International law on self-determination and recognition" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Partisan framing of a sensitive conflict", "Denying court-determined atrocities", "Conflating causes and responsibility without attribution" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "understand", "name": "Understand", "description": "What the breakup of Yugoslavia was.", "rationale": "Attribution.", "layers": [ { "id": "definition", "name": "Definition", "description": "Definition.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-finding", "name": "Definition", "description": "Definition.", "questions": [ { "text": "What was the breakup of Yugoslavia, and how does it differ from the formation of Yugoslavia, the Cold War and other state dissolutions?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Is the question about a sensitive and contested conflict, where court findings and party positions should be attributed and no side taken?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "states", "name": "States", "description": "Successor states.", "findings": [ { "id": "states-finding", "name": "States", "description": "States.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which successor states emerged, and why is Kosovo s recognition contested?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Which entry fits the specific state?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "causes", "name": "Causes", "description": "Causes.", "rationale": "Attribution.", "layers": [ { "id": "nationalism", "name": "Nationalism", "description": "Nationalism and crisis.", "findings": [ { "id": "nationalism-finding", "name": "Nationalism", "description": "Nationalism.", "questions": [ { "text": "How do historians explain the roles of nationalism, economic crisis and the fall of communism, with interpretations attributed?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Is the presentation neutral and attributed?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "collapse", "name": "Collapse", "description": "Collapse of the federation.", "findings": [ { "id": "collapse-finding", "name": "Collapse", "description": "Collapse.", "questions": [ { "text": "How did the federal system collapse in the early 1990s?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which references are standard?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "wars", "name": "Wars", "description": "Wars and atrocities.", "rationale": "Attribution.", "layers": [ { "id": "wars", "name": "Wars", "description": "Yugoslav Wars.", "findings": [ { "id": "wars-finding", "name": "Wars", "description": "Wars.", "questions": [ { "text": "What sequence of wars accompanied the breakup?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits Yugoslav Wars?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "atrocities", "name": "Atrocities", "description": "Court-determined atrocities.", "findings": [ { "id": "atrocities-finding", "name": "Atrocities", "description": "Atrocities.", "questions": [ { "text": "What atrocities, including the Srebrenica genocide, did international courts determine, as officially reported?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Is the presentation neutral and attributed?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "context", "name": "Context", "description": "Aftermath.", "rationale": "Attribution.", "layers": [ { "id": "tribunal", "name": "Tribunal", "description": "International tribunal.", "findings": [ { "id": "tribunal-finding", "name": "Tribunal", "description": "Tribunal.", "questions": [ { "text": "What did the ICTY establish, as officially reported?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "memory", "name": "Memory", "description": "Contested memory.", "findings": [ { "id": "memory-finding", "name": "Memory", "description": "Memory.", "questions": [ { "text": "How is the breakup remembered differently by parties, with positions attributed?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Is the presentation neutral and attributed?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "How should court findings and party positions be attributed consistently?", "How should the contested recognition of Kosovo be presented?", "Should the individual wars be separate entries?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "abstract concept", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a breakup of Yugoslavia, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Let an agent explain the breakup of Yugoslavia, relay its causes, the sequence of independence and wars, and the internationally determined atrocities from history and legal sources with court findings and party positions attributed, and distinguish it from the earlier formation of Yugoslavia, the Cold War generally and other state dissolutions, without taking sides.", "characteristics": { "substance": "activity", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Described in 57 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a breakup of Yugoslavia, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "something that happens over time", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see. What is recognised is an instance of it, and which instances count is exactly what is argued about." ], "relatedModels": [], "standing": "Described in 57 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one breakup of Yugoslavia from another, and a breakup of Yugoslavia from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a breakup of Yugoslavia, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a breakup of Yugoslavia, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a breakup of Yugoslavia is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a breakup of Yugoslavia, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a breakup of Yugoslavia, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a breakup of Yugoslavia is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a breakup of Yugoslavia sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a breakup of Yugoslavia, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a breakup of Yugoslavia, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a breakup of Yugoslavia is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a breakup of Yugoslavia from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a breakup of Yugoslavia, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a breakup of Yugoslavia, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a breakup of Yugoslavia is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a breakup of Yugoslavia passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a breakup of Yugoslavia between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a breakup of Yugoslavia, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a breakup of Yugoslavia, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a breakup of Yugoslavia is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a breakup of Yugoslavia, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a breakup of Yugoslavia is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a breakup of Yugoslavia, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a breakup of Yugoslavia, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a breakup of Yugoslavia is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "process-and-outcome", "name": "Process, inputs and outcome", "description": "How a breakup of Yugoslavia proceeds, what it needs and what it leaves behind.", "rationale": "An activity is known by its steps and its results, and both have to be recordable while it is still running.", "layers": [ { "id": "steps-and-sequence", "name": "Steps and sequence", "description": "The steps of a breakup of Yugoslavia, their order and what may run in parallel.", "findings": [ { "id": "steps-and-preconditions", "name": "Steps, preconditions and completion", "description": "What has to be true before each step of a breakup of Yugoslavia and what marks it done.", "questions": [ { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a step of a breakup of Yugoslavia, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a step of a breakup of Yugoslavia, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a step of a breakup of Yugoslavia is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-results", "name": "Inputs, resources and results", "description": "What a breakup of Yugoslavia consumes and what it produces.", "findings": [ { "id": "inputs-and-outputs", "name": "Inputs, outputs and side effects", "description": "The resources a breakup of Yugoslavia takes and the results it leaves, wanted or not.", "questions": [ { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the inputs and results of a breakup of Yugoslavia, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the inputs and results of a breakup of Yugoslavia, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the inputs and results of a breakup of Yugoslavia is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "definitions-in-contest", "name": "Definitions and who holds them", "description": "What breakup of Yugoslavia is taken to mean, and by whom.", "rationale": "When a field disagrees about a concept, the disagreement is the content. A model that picks one definition silently destroys the information.", "layers": [ { "id": "competing-definitions", "name": "Competing definitions", "description": "The main readings and the traditions behind them.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-map", "name": "Definitions and their holders", "description": "Each definition with the school or body that holds it.", "questions": [ { "id": "definition-map-q01", "text": "Which definitions of breakup of Yugoslavia are in use, and which tradition or body holds each?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "definition-map-q02", "text": "What turns on the difference between them in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "operationalisation", "name": "Operationalisation", "description": "How it is measured or applied when it has to be.", "findings": [ { "id": "operational-record", "name": "Measures and proxies", "description": "Instruments and indicators used to stand in for it.", "questions": [ { "id": "operational-record-q01", "text": "How is breakup of Yugoslavia operationalised or measured in practice, and by what instrument?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "operational-record-q02", "text": "What does that operationalisation leave out, and when does that matter?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "instances-and-use", "name": "Instances, use and consequence", "description": "What counts as an instance of breakup of Yugoslavia and what follows from calling something that.", "rationale": "Applying a concept is an act with consequences, so a model must say what the label licenses and what it does not.", "layers": [ { "id": "instances", "name": "What counts as an instance", "description": "Clear cases, borderline cases and non-cases.", "findings": [ { "id": "instance-tests", "name": "Tests for an instance", "description": "What would settle whether something falls under it.", "questions": [ { "id": "instance-tests-q01", "text": "What would settle whether something is an instance of breakup of Yugoslavia?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "instance-tests-q02", "text": "Which borderline cases are argued about, and on what grounds?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "consequence", "name": "Consequence of application", "description": "Rights, duties or decisions that follow from the label.", "findings": [ { "id": "consequence-record", "name": "What the label licenses", "description": "What an agent may do once something is classified this way.", "questions": [ { "id": "consequence-record-q01", "text": "What follows practically once something is treated as breakup of Yugoslavia?", "kind": "action" }, { "id": "consequence-record-q02", "text": "What must an agent not infer from the label alone?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a breakup of Yugoslavia came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a breakup of Yugoslavia and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a breakup of Yugoslavia, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a breakup of Yugoslavia, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a breakup of Yugoslavia is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a breakup of Yugoslavia is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a breakup of Yugoslavia, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a breakup of Yugoslavia, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a breakup of Yugoslavia is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 12, "findings": 14, "questions": 38 } } } }