{ "model": { "rank": 5222, "code": "thing-q472287", "model_id": "vr.tr.respiration", "name": "respiration", "purpose": "Let an agent route agonal or absent breathing to emergency services and CPR first, explain respiration at organismal and cellular levels from physiology sources, describe the named breathing patterns and forms, and distinguish respiration from photosynthesis, fermentation, ventilation alone and artificial respiration, without diagnosing individuals.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Activities and processes", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "ACT", "domain": "ACT.ACT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q472287/", "tier": 2, "score": 69, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "agonal respiration", "mouth breathing with nasal obstruction", "enteral respiration", "nasal breathing", "plant respiration", "mouth breathing", "Amphibious fish", "cutaneous respiration", "obligate nasal breathing", "leaf respiration" ], "aliasCount": 10, "merged": 10, "knownIn": 69, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": "vr.tr.respiration", "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q472287", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q472287", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-13T22:05:38Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 4, "engine": "claude" }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q472287", "registryId": "vr.tr.respiration", "name": "respiration", "version": "0.2.0-wave.4", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "ACT.ACT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q472287/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.respiration", "name": "respiration", "purpose": "Let an agent route agonal or absent breathing to emergency services and CPR first, explain respiration at organismal and cellular levels from physiology sources, describe the named breathing patterns and forms, and distinguish respiration from photosynthesis, fermentation, ventilation alone and artificial respiration, without diagnosing individuals.", "definition": "The biological processes of gas exchange and energy release, covering breathing or ventilation, the movement of air in and out of the lungs through nasal or mouth breathing, and cellular respiration, in which cells break down nutrients to release energy as ATP, occurring in animals, plants through plant respiration, and microbes; the registry aliases include agonal respiration, gasping breaths that are a sign of cardiac arrest, mouth breathing with nasal obstruction and enteral respiration, gas exchange through the intestine found in some fish and studied experimentally in mammals. Anyone unresponsive with gasping or abnormal breathing needs emergency services and CPR immediately.", "what_it_is_for": "Obtaining oxygen and releasing energy.", "affordances": [ "route abnormal breathing emergencies", "explain breathing and cellular respiration", "describe named forms", "distinguish related processes" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Oxygen use", "ATP production", "Organismal and cellular levels", "Emergency significance of abnormal breathing" ], "appearance": "Chest rising and falling in breathing; not visible at the cellular level.", "visual_identification": [ "Gas exchange and cellular energy release", "Agonal respiration, mouth breathing, nasal breathing, enteral respiration, plant respiration", "Photosynthesis stores energy; fermentation releases energy without oxygen; ventilation is air movement alone; artificial respiration is a rescue technique" ], "physical_properties": [ { "quantity": "adult resting breathing rate", "typical_range": "about 12-20", "unit": "breaths per minute", "note": "" }, { "quantity": "ATP yield of aerobic respiration", "typical_range": "about 30-32", "unit": "ATP per glucose", "note": "modern estimates" }, { "quantity": "enteral ventilation study in mammals", "typical_range": "2021", "unit": "year", "note": "published in Med, attributed" } ], "families_and_kinds": [ "pulmonary ventilation", "cellular aerobic respiration", "anaerobic respiration", "plant respiration", "alternative gas exchange such as enteral respiration" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "biological process", "why": "in registry terms" }, { "relation": "includes", "target": "cellular respiration", "why": "" }, { "relation": "includes", "target": "agonal respiration", "why": "as an emergency sign" }, { "relation": "is contrasted with", "target": "photosynthesis", "why": "" } ], "identifiers": [], "standards_and_regulation": [ "Resuscitation guidelines such as ERC and AHA", "Clinical respiratory guidelines" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Mistaking agonal gasping for normal breathing", "Diagnosing breathing problems remotely", "Confusing breathing and cellular respiration" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "understand", "name": "Understand", "description": "What respiration is.", "rationale": "Emergency first.", "layers": [ { "id": "definition", "name": "Definition", "description": "Definition.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-finding", "name": "Definition", "description": "Definition.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is someone unresponsive and not breathing normally or only gasping, in which case call emergency services and start CPR now?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "text": "What is respiration, and how does it differ from photosynthesis, fermentation, ventilation and artificial respiration?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "forms", "name": "Forms", "description": "Named forms.", "findings": [ { "id": "forms-finding", "name": "Forms", "description": "Forms.", "questions": [ { "text": "What are agonal respiration, mouth and nasal breathing, enteral respiration and plant respiration?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Which entry fits the specific form?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "physiology", "name": "Physiology", "description": "Breathing.", "rationale": "Science.", "layers": [ { "id": "mechanics", "name": "Mechanics", "description": "Breathing mechanics.", "findings": [ { "id": "mechanics-finding", "name": "Mechanics", "description": "Mechanics.", "questions": [ { "text": "How do the diaphragm and lungs move air?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which references are standard?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "nasal", "name": "Nasal breathing", "description": "Nasal versus mouth breathing.", "findings": [ { "id": "nasal-finding", "name": "Nasal breathing", "description": "Nasal breathing.", "questions": [ { "text": "Why is nasal breathing typical, and what causes chronic mouth breathing?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which sources are cited?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "cellular", "name": "Cellular", "description": "Cellular respiration.", "rationale": "Science.", "layers": [ { "id": "pathways", "name": "Pathways", "description": "Pathways.", "findings": [ { "id": "pathways-finding", "name": "Pathways", "description": "Pathways.", "questions": [ { "text": "How do glycolysis, the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation release energy?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits oxidative phosphorylation?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "plants", "name": "Plants", "description": "Plant respiration.", "findings": [ { "id": "plants-finding", "name": "Plants", "description": "Plants.", "questions": [ { "text": "How does plant respiration balance photosynthesis?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits plant physiology?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "context", "name": "Context", "description": "Emergencies and research.", "rationale": "Context.", "layers": [ { "id": "agonal", "name": "Agonal breathing", "description": "Agonal breathing.", "findings": [ { "id": "agonal-finding", "name": "Agonal breathing", "description": "Agonal breathing.", "questions": [ { "text": "Why do resuscitation guidelines treat agonal breathing as a sign of cardiac arrest?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits cardiopulmonary resuscitation?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "enteral", "name": "Enteral", "description": "Enteral ventilation research.", "findings": [ { "id": "enteral-finding", "name": "Enteral", "description": "Enteral.", "questions": [ { "text": "What have studies of enteral ventilation in animals reported, with limits noted?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits loach?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should cellular respiration be a separate primary entry?", "How should physiology sources be linked?", "Should mouth breathing be a separate entry?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "abstract concept", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a respiration, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Let an agent route agonal or absent breathing to emergency services and CPR first, explain respiration at organismal and cellular levels from physiology sources, describe the named breathing patterns and forms, and distinguish respiration from photosynthesis, fermentation, ventilation alone and artificial respiration, without diagnosing individuals.", "characteristics": { "substance": "activity", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: agonal respiration, mouth breathing with nasal obstruction, enteral respiration, nasal breathing, plant respiration, mouth breathing, Amphibious fish, cutaneous respiration, obligate nasal breathing, leaf respiration.", "10 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 69 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a respiration, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "something that happens over time", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see. What is recognised is an instance of it, and which instances count is exactly what is argued about." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "agonal respiration", "mouth breathing with nasal obstruction", "enteral respiration", "nasal breathing", "plant respiration", "mouth breathing", "Amphibious fish", "cutaneous respiration", "obligate nasal breathing", "leaf respiration" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 69 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 10 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one respiration from another, and a respiration from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a respiration, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a respiration, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a respiration is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a respiration, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a respiration, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a respiration is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a respiration sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a respiration, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a respiration, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a respiration is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a respiration from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a respiration, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a respiration, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a respiration is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a respiration passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a respiration between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a respiration, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a respiration, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a respiration is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a respiration, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a respiration is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a respiration, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a respiration, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a respiration is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "process-and-outcome", "name": "Process, inputs and outcome", "description": "How a respiration proceeds, what it needs and what it leaves behind.", "rationale": "An activity is known by its steps and its results, and both have to be recordable while it is still running.", "layers": [ { "id": "steps-and-sequence", "name": "Steps and sequence", "description": "The steps of a respiration, their order and what may run in parallel.", "findings": [ { "id": "steps-and-preconditions", "name": "Steps, preconditions and completion", "description": "What has to be true before each step of a respiration and what marks it done.", "questions": [ { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a step of a respiration, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a step of a respiration, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a step of a respiration is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-results", "name": "Inputs, resources and results", "description": "What a respiration consumes and what it produces.", "findings": [ { "id": "inputs-and-outputs", "name": "Inputs, outputs and side effects", "description": "The resources a respiration takes and the results it leaves, wanted or not.", "questions": [ { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the inputs and results of a respiration, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the inputs and results of a respiration, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the inputs and results of a respiration is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "definitions-in-contest", "name": "Definitions and who holds them", "description": "What respiration is taken to mean, and by whom.", "rationale": "When a field disagrees about a concept, the disagreement is the content. A model that picks one definition silently destroys the information.", "layers": [ { "id": "competing-definitions", "name": "Competing definitions", "description": "The main readings and the traditions behind them.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-map", "name": "Definitions and their holders", "description": "Each definition with the school or body that holds it.", "questions": [ { "id": "definition-map-q01", "text": "Which definitions of respiration are in use, and which tradition or body holds each?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "definition-map-q02", "text": "What turns on the difference between them in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "operationalisation", "name": "Operationalisation", "description": "How it is measured or applied when it has to be.", "findings": [ { "id": "operational-record", "name": "Measures and proxies", "description": "Instruments and indicators used to stand in for it.", "questions": [ { "id": "operational-record-q01", "text": "How is respiration operationalised or measured in practice, and by what instrument?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "operational-record-q02", "text": "What does that operationalisation leave out, and when does that matter?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "instances-and-use", "name": "Instances, use and consequence", "description": "What counts as an instance of respiration and what follows from calling something that.", "rationale": "Applying a concept is an act with consequences, so a model must say what the label licenses and what it does not.", "layers": [ { "id": "instances", "name": "What counts as an instance", "description": "Clear cases, borderline cases and non-cases.", "findings": [ { "id": "instance-tests", "name": "Tests for an instance", "description": "What would settle whether something falls under it.", "questions": [ { "id": "instance-tests-q01", "text": "What would settle whether something is an instance of respiration?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "instance-tests-q02", "text": "Which borderline cases are argued about, and on what grounds?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "consequence", "name": "Consequence of application", "description": "Rights, duties or decisions that follow from the label.", "findings": [ { "id": "consequence-record", "name": "What the label licenses", "description": "What an agent may do once something is classified this way.", "questions": [ { "id": "consequence-record-q01", "text": "What follows practically once something is treated as respiration?", "kind": "action" }, { "id": "consequence-record-q02", "text": "What must an agent not infer from the label alone?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a respiration came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a respiration and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a respiration, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a respiration, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a respiration is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a respiration is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a respiration, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a respiration, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a respiration is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 12, "findings": 14, "questions": 38 } } } }