{
    "model": {
        "rank": 2424,
        "code": "thing-q47568",
        "model_id": "vr.tr.iceberg",
        "name": "iceberg",
        "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise and track an individual iceberg, assess its changing physical state and hazards, and determine which observations or interventions are justified.",
        "family": "Thing Registry",
        "category": "Physical world and living systems",
        "status": "research-draft",
        "kind": "thing",
        "plane": "PHY",
        "domain": "PHY.OBJ",
        "industry": "",
        "version": "",
        "url": "/models/thing/q47568/",
        "tier": 2,
        "score": 106,
        "payload": {
            "layer": "wikidata",
            "aliases": [
                "growler",
                "Tabular iceberg",
                "blue iceberg"
            ],
            "aliasCount": 3,
            "merged": 3,
            "knownIn": 106,
            "facets": null,
            "markers": [],
            "lexicalClass": "",
            "senseRank": null,
            "alsoRegisteredAs": "vr.tr.iceberg",
            "source": {
                "dataset": "wikidata",
                "item": "Q47568",
                "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47568",
                "license": "CC0 1.0"
            }
        },
        "research": {
            "vercy": "1.0-draft",
            "publication": {
                "status": "research-draft",
                "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed",
                "publishableCanonical": false,
                "generatedAt": "2026-09-07T09:15:22Z",
                "providers": [
                    "Codex"
                ],
                "missingProviders": [
                    "Grok"
                ],
                "pass": 2,
                "cost": {
                    "grok": {
                        "usd": null,
                        "turns": null,
                        "seconds": 10.6,
                        "error": "Error: Internal error: {\n  \"message\": \"API error (status 402 Payment Required): Grok Build usage balance exhausted\",\n  \"http_status\": 402\n}",
                        "retried": true
                    },
                    "codex": {
                        "seconds": 85.6,
                        "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.3\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a07b25-4f70-72d3-a0e9-4dbfebac365f\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: iceberg\nRegistry id: vr.tr.iceberg\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.OBJ\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\nA Vercy m"
                    }
                }
            },
            "metaModel": {
                "id": "THING-Q47568",
                "registryId": "vr.tr.iceberg",
                "name": "iceberg",
                "version": "0.1.0-research.1",
                "entryKind": "thing",
                "family": "Thing Registry",
                "domain": [
                    "PHY.OBJ"
                ],
                "status": "research-draft"
            },
            "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q47568/",
            "model": {
                "registry_id": "vr.tr.iceberg",
                "name": "iceberg",
                "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise and track an individual iceberg, assess its changing physical state and hazards, and determine which observations or interventions are justified.",
                "definition": "",
                "scope_statement": "This model owns an individual detached body of land-origin ice floating or grounded in water, including its observable geometry, movement, deterioration, continuity of identity and interaction with nearby operations; size thresholds and fragment classifications must follow an identified convention.",
                "in_scope": [
                    "Evidence that the body is detached land-origin ice and qualifies as an iceberg under the selected convention",
                    "Above-water and submerged geometry, with observation times and uncertainty",
                    "Position, drift, orientation and floating or grounded state",
                    "Fracture, melting, rollover and fragmentation as changes to the tracked body",
                    "Iceberg-specific hazards and conditions governing observation, avoidance or intervention"
                ],
                "out_of_scope": [
                    "The parent glacier or ice shelf as a continuing ice system",
                    "Sea ice, ice floes and regional sea-ice cover",
                    "Ocean currents, weather and bathymetry as independently maintained environmental models",
                    "Vessels, offshore installations and their general operating procedures",
                    "Regional iceberg populations, climatology and ice-service forecasting systems",
                    "Ownership, permitting and commercial ice-harvesting operations beyond their constraints on this iceberg"
                ],
                "distinguishing_features": [
                    "Establish land-ice origin using direct evidence or a qualified interpretation; a body formed by freezing surrounding seawater belongs to the sea-ice model.",
                    "Establish detachment from a glacier or ice shelf; an attached projecting ice front is not yet an individual iceberg.",
                    "Apply an explicitly named size convention to distinguish an iceberg from a bergy bit, growler or other fragment; preserve an uncertain classification when dimensions are unresolved.",
                    "Distinguish one coherent ice body from a cluster of separate bodies or an unresolved radar return before assigning individual identity.",
                    "Distinguish grounding from continued attachment to land ice; contact with the seabed does not by itself establish glacier membership."
                ],
                "characteristics": [
                    {
                        "name": "Land-ice origin",
                        "kind": "category",
                        "unit_or_values": "confirmed land-origin ice | probable land-origin ice | unresolved",
                        "why_it_matters": "Controls whether the iceberg model applies and prevents confusion with sea ice."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Parent ice body",
                        "kind": "relation",
                        "unit_or_values": "identified glacier or ice shelf, supporting evidence, or unknown",
                        "why_it_matters": "Supports provenance without treating proximity as proof of origin."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Size and shape classification",
                        "kind": "category",
                        "unit_or_values": "class labels under a named convention and version, or unclassified",
                        "why_it_matters": "Makes recognition and reporting consistent while keeping category boundaries explicit."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Position and observation time",
                        "kind": "measurement",
                        "unit_or_values": "latitude and longitude in a stated reference system; timestamp; horizontal uncertainty in m",
                        "why_it_matters": "Locates a moving body and exposes when an observation is too old for a decision."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Exposed dimensions",
                        "kind": "measurement",
                        "unit_or_values": "length, width and maximum freeboard in m relative to stated axes and water level",
                        "why_it_matters": "Supports classification, recognition and assessment of the visible obstruction."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Submerged extent",
                        "kind": "measurement",
                        "unit_or_values": "draft in m and underwater envelope; method, uncertainty and unresolved areas",
                        "why_it_matters": "Supports underwater clearance assessment without substituting visible dimensions for measured submerged geometry."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Drift and rotation",
                        "kind": "measurement",
                        "unit_or_values": "speed in m/s, direction in degrees and angular rate in degrees/hour; reference frame and interval",
                        "why_it_matters": "Supports encounter prediction and reveals changes that invalidate an earlier track."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Support state",
                        "kind": "state",
                        "unit_or_values": "floating | grounded | intermittently grounded | unresolved",
                        "why_it_matters": "Changes how movement, seabed interaction and possible release should be assessed."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Structural condition",
                        "kind": "state",
                        "unit_or_values": "observed cracks, overhangs, cavities, fragment shedding and recent orientation changes; unknown where unobserved",
                        "why_it_matters": "Records evidence relevant to deterioration and instability without claiming a certain failure time."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Track and fragment lineage",
                        "kind": "relation",
                        "unit_or_values": "prior observations, predecessor body and resulting fragments, with association confidence",
                        "why_it_matters": "Preserves continuity through changing appearance, incomplete sightings and breakup."
                    }
                ],
                "affordances": [
                    "Recognise or provisionally classify an ice body using origin, detachment and size evidence.",
                    "Associate new sightings with the iceberg and maintain a track with explicit uncertainty.",
                    "Request remote, surface or underwater observations to resolve decision-critical gaps.",
                    "Estimate future occupied areas and possible encounters using linked environmental information.",
                    "Recommend avoidance, monitoring or operational restrictions using current evidence and applicable procedures.",
                    "Assess whether a proposed tow, deflection, sampling or other intervention has sufficient evidence and authorization to proceed."
                ]
            },
            "sources": [],
            "structure": {
                "bundles": [
                    {
                        "id": "iceberg-recognition-and-lineage",
                        "name": "Iceberg recognition and lineage",
                        "description": "Establishes what the ice body is and how its identity persists across observations and breakup.",
                        "rationale": "A tracked iceberg must be distinguished from sea ice, attached land ice and other fragments before observations or decisions can be attributed to it.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "origin-and-classification",
                                "name": "Origin and classification",
                                "description": "Records the evidence supporting land-ice origin, detachment and the chosen iceberg category.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "iceberg-membership-evidence",
                                        "name": "Iceberg membership evidence",
                                        "description": "The agent must record a supported or provisional classification, including the convention used and evidence still missing.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "What evidence establishes that this is detached land-origin ice rather than sea ice or an attached ice front?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "id": "iceberg-membership-evidence-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Under which size convention does this body qualify as an iceberg, and could measurement uncertainty place it in a neighbouring fragment class?",
                                                "kind": "boundary",
                                                "id": "iceberg-membership-evidence-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "sighting-and-fragment-continuity",
                                "name": "Sighting and fragment continuity",
                                "description": "Connects observations and resulting fragments without assuming that a changing outline implies a new body.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "identity-through-change",
                                        "name": "Identity through change",
                                        "description": "The agent must distinguish supported track continuity from uncertain association and explicitly record breakup lineage.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which position history, shape features or other observations support associating this sighting with the existing iceberg?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "id": "identity-through-change-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "After fragmentation, which body, if any, retains the previous identity, and which bodies require linked successor identities?",
                                                "kind": "boundary",
                                                "id": "identity-through-change-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "exposed-and-submerged-form",
                        "name": "Exposed and submerged form",
                        "description": "Describes the iceberg's visible form and underwater obstruction as separate, time-dependent evidence.",
                        "rationale": "Recognition can rely on exposed shape, while clearance and grounding decisions require information about portions that may not be visible.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "exposed-form",
                                "name": "Exposed form",
                                "description": "Records dimensions and distinctive features above the contemporaneous water surface.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "visible-envelope",
                                        "name": "Visible envelope",
                                        "description": "The agent must record observed exposed dimensions and outline without presenting an incomplete viewing angle as a complete survey.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "What length, width, freeboard and distinctive shape features were observed, at what time and relative to which water level?",
                                                "kind": "measurement",
                                                "id": "visible-envelope-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which faces or edges were obscured, and how does that limit the reported dimensions and shape classification?",
                                                "kind": "boundary",
                                                "id": "visible-envelope-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "underwater-form",
                                "name": "Underwater form",
                                "description": "Records the submerged envelope and distinguishes direct observations from inferred geometry.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "draft-and-submerged-projections",
                                        "name": "Draft and submerged projections",
                                        "description": "The agent must preserve the method and uncertainty of draft estimates and identify underwater areas that remain unresolved.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "What draft and lateral submerged extent are supported by observations, and what uncertainty accompanies each estimate?",
                                                "kind": "measurement",
                                                "id": "draft-and-submerged-projections-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Where geometry is inferred from exposed form, what assumptions were used and what independent evidence supports them?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "id": "draft-and-submerged-projections-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "drift-grounding-and-encounters",
                        "name": "Drift, grounding and encounters",
                        "description": "Tracks movement and seabed contact and relates the iceberg's possible future position to nearby operations.",
                        "rationale": "An iceberg's significance depends on where its full envelope may move, whether it is constrained by grounding and what occupies the same water.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "motion-and-support",
                                "name": "Motion and support",
                                "description": "Separates measured drift and rotation from interpretations of floating or grounded state.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "observed-motion-and-grounding",
                                        "name": "Observed motion and grounding",
                                        "description": "The agent must record motion over a stated interval and the evidence for any grounding assessment.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "What translation and rotation are supported by successive observations, including their time intervals and positional uncertainty?",
                                                "kind": "measurement",
                                                "id": "observed-motion-and-grounding-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "What evidence distinguishes grounding from slow drift, and which water-level or seabed uncertainties could change that assessment?",
                                                "kind": "boundary",
                                                "id": "observed-motion-and-grounding-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "future-occupied-water",
                                "name": "Future occupied water",
                                "description": "Relates forecast movement and the iceberg's dimensions to potential encounters.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "encounter-envelope",
                                        "name": "Encounter envelope",
                                        "description": "The agent must express future occupancy as a conditional estimate with an expiry and identify possible conflicts with linked vessels or structures.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "What area could the iceberg occupy over the decision horizon, given track uncertainty, submerged extent and the environmental forecast used?",
                                                "kind": "measurement",
                                                "id": "encounter-envelope-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which possible encounters require a warning, route change or renewed observation under the applicable operating procedure?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "id": "encounter-envelope-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "deterioration-and-instability",
                        "name": "Deterioration and instability",
                        "description": "Records changes to the ice body and evidence relevant to fracture, shedding and rollover.",
                        "rationale": "A previous outline or condition assessment can become invalid as the body deteriorates or changes orientation.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "ice-loss-and-damage",
                                "name": "Ice loss and damage",
                                "description": "Tracks observed loss of ice and changes to cracks, cavities and overhangs.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "documented-deterioration",
                                        "name": "Documented deterioration",
                                        "description": "The agent must separate observed changes from inferred deterioration mechanisms and account for differing observation conditions.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "What changes in dimensions, cracks, cavities or fragment shedding are supported by comparable observations?",
                                                "kind": "measurement",
                                                "id": "documented-deterioration-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "What evidence supports attributing the change to melting, fracture or another process rather than viewpoint or measurement differences?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "id": "documented-deterioration-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "rollover-and-breakup",
                                "name": "Rollover and breakup",
                                "description": "Records evidence of instability and events that invalidate prior geometry or tracking assumptions.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "instability-evidence-and-reset",
                                        "name": "Instability evidence and reassessment",
                                        "description": "The agent must record observed or suspected rollover and breakup while preserving uncertainty about future occurrence.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "What observations support a recent rollover, ongoing breakup or concern about instability, and what remains unresolved?",
                                                "kind": "measurement",
                                                "id": "instability-evidence-and-reset-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which geometry estimates, track associations and nearby-operation decisions must be reassessed after the event?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "id": "instability-evidence-and-reset-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "observation-and-intervention",
                        "name": "Observation and intervention",
                        "description": "Connects iceberg-specific evidence gaps and hazards to monitoring, approach and physical intervention decisions.",
                        "rationale": "Recording an iceberg should support justified action without turning uncertain geometry or condition into assumed permission to approach or manipulate it.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "observation-sufficiency",
                                "name": "Observation sufficiency",
                                "description": "Assesses whether available observations are adequate and recent enough for the proposed decision.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "decision-critical-observation-gaps",
                                        "name": "Decision-critical observation gaps",
                                        "description": "The agent must identify missing evidence about the iceberg and select observations that can resolve it within the operational time window.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which uncertainty about submerged extent, drift, grounding or structural condition currently limits the decision?",
                                                "kind": "measurement",
                                                "id": "decision-critical-observation-gaps-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which observation method and revisit interval can resolve that uncertainty while accounting for iceberg movement and possible shedding or rollover?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "id": "decision-critical-observation-gaps-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "approach-and-physical-intervention",
                                "name": "Approach and physical intervention",
                                "description": "Records the evidence, authority and stopping conditions for operations near or on the iceberg.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "intervention-conditions",
                                        "name": "Intervention conditions",
                                        "description": "The agent must assess a specific proposed action against current iceberg evidence, linked operational capabilities and applicable authorization.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "For the proposed approach, sampling, tow or deflection, what evidence supports feasibility and what authorization or operating limits apply?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "id": "intervention-conditions-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which changes in drift, cracking, shedding, orientation or grounding require the action to stop and the assessment to be renewed?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "id": "intervention-conditions-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    }
                ]
            },
            "openQuestions": [
                "Which authoritative classification convention should govern iceberg, bergy-bit and growler boundaries, including treatment of freshwater settings?",
                "What minimum evidence should support land-ice origin when neither the calving event nor the parent glacier or ice shelf is known?",
                "Which methods can estimate submerged geometry adequately for each intended decision, and how should their uncertainty be represented?",
                "What identity-continuity rule should apply after substantial fragmentation, rollover or a prolonged tracking gap?",
                "Which validated criteria and jurisdiction-specific procedures should govern observation freshness, approach limits and physical intervention?"
            ],
            "statistics": {
                "bundles": 5,
                "layers": 10,
                "findings": 10,
                "questions": 20
            }
        },
        "draft": {
            "generator": "vr.draft.v3",
            "status": "draft-generated",
            "researched": false,
            "archetype": "device, machine or tool",
            "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.",
            "facetsInferred": true,
            "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.",
            "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a iceberg, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.",
            "whatItIs": "Enable an AI agent to recognise and track an individual iceberg, assess its changing physical state and hazards, and determine which observations or interventions are justified.",
            "characteristics": {
                "substance": "material",
                "origin": "manufactured",
                "agency": "inert",
                "mobility": "varies"
            },
            "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [
                "observed and measured"
            ],
            "distinguishingFeatures": [
                "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: growler, Tabular iceberg, blue iceberg.",
                "3 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.",
                "Described in 106 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is."
            ],
            "openQuestionsForResearch": [
                "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?",
                "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?",
                "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a iceberg, and on what evidence are they told apart?"
            ],
            "whatItIsMadeOf": "matter you can touch",
            "physicalCharacter": [
                "Mobility varies between examples.",
                "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.",
                "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing."
            ],
            "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [
                "observe it, measure it, record its state"
            ],
            "howItIsRecognised": [
                "Recognised by form, by the arrangement of its controls, and by markings - a plate, a model number, a certification mark. Form alone rarely separates two models that do very different things."
            ],
            "relatedModels": [
                {
                    "relation": "covers",
                    "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.",
                    "targets": [
                        "growler",
                        "Tabular iceberg",
                        "blue iceberg"
                    ]
                }
            ],
            "standing": "Described in 106 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 3 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.",
            "structure": {
                "bundles": [
                    {
                        "id": "identity-and-classification",
                        "name": "Identity, naming and classification",
                        "description": "How an agent tells one iceberg from another, and a iceberg from things that resemble it.",
                        "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "naming-and-identifiers",
                                "name": "Names and identifiers",
                                "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases",
                                        "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names",
                                        "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a iceberg, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a iceberg, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a iceberg is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    },
                                    {
                                        "id": "stable-identifiers",
                                        "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys",
                                        "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "stable-identifiers-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a iceberg, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "stable-identifiers-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a iceberg, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "stable-identifiers-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a iceberg is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "classification-and-granularity",
                                "name": "Classification and granularity",
                                "description": "Where a iceberg sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "kind-and-parents",
                                        "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds",
                                        "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "kind-and-parents-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a iceberg, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "kind-and-parents-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a iceberg, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "kind-and-parents-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a iceberg is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    },
                                    {
                                        "id": "distinguishing-features",
                                        "name": "Distinguishing features",
                                        "description": "What separates a iceberg from the things most often confused with it.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "distinguishing-features-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a iceberg, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "distinguishing-features-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a iceberg, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "distinguishing-features-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a iceberg is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "form-and-composition",
                        "name": "Form, composition and condition",
                        "description": "What a iceberg is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.",
                        "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "form-and-dimensions",
                                "name": "Form and dimensions",
                                "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "measurable-dimensions",
                                        "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units",
                                        "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a iceberg, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a iceberg, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a iceberg is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "material-and-composition",
                                "name": "Material and composition",
                                "description": "Materials, parts and how they are put together.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "parts-and-materials",
                                        "name": "Parts and materials",
                                        "description": "What a iceberg is built from and which parts are replaceable.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "parts-and-materials-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a iceberg, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "parts-and-materials-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a iceberg, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "parts-and-materials-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a iceberg is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "condition-and-integrity",
                                "name": "Condition and integrity",
                                "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "condition-assessment",
                                        "name": "Condition, damage and health",
                                        "description": "How the condition of a iceberg is judged and by whom.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "condition-assessment-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a iceberg, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "condition-assessment-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a iceberg, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "condition-assessment-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a iceberg is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "place-and-movement",
                        "name": "Place and movement",
                        "description": "Where a iceberg is, how it got there and where it may go (varies).",
                        "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "location-and-placement",
                                "name": "Location and placement",
                                "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "position-and-frame",
                                        "name": "Position, container and reference frame",
                                        "description": "Where a iceberg is, and what that position is measured against.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "position-and-frame-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a iceberg, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "position-and-frame-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a iceberg, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "position-and-frame-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a iceberg is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "movement-and-transfer",
                                "name": "Movement and transfer",
                                "description": "How a iceberg is carried, installed or relocated.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "movement-events",
                                        "name": "Movement events and constraints",
                                        "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "movement-events-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a iceberg, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "movement-events-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a iceberg, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "movement-events-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a iceberg is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "state-and-lifecycle",
                        "name": "State and lifecycle",
                        "description": "The states a iceberg passes through and the events that move it between them.",
                        "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "lifecycle-stages",
                                "name": "Lifecycle stages",
                                "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "stages-and-transitions",
                                        "name": "Stages and transitions",
                                        "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a iceberg between them.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a iceberg, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a iceberg, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a iceberg is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "observations-and-status",
                                "name": "Observations and current status",
                                "description": "What is observed about a iceberg, how often and by whom.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "observation-record",
                                        "name": "Observation record",
                                        "description": "How an observation of a iceberg is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "observation-record-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a iceberg, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "observation-record-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a iceberg, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "observation-record-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a iceberg is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "function-and-principle",
                        "name": "Function and operating principle",
                        "description": "What iceberg is for and how it achieves it.",
                        "rationale": "Two devices with the same name can work on different principles, and the principle is what predicts failure and constrains use.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "intended-function",
                                "name": "Intended function",
                                "description": "The job it does, and the jobs it is used for anyway.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "function-record",
                                        "name": "Function, principle and variants",
                                        "description": "What it does, how, and which variants do it differently.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "function-record-q01",
                                                "text": "What function does iceberg perform, on what operating principle, and which variants differ in that principle?",
                                                "kind": "definition"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "function-record-q02",
                                                "text": "What use falls outside the intended function but happens in practice?",
                                                "kind": "boundary"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "capacity-and-rating",
                                "name": "Capacity and rating",
                                "description": "The numbers that say what it can do and where it stops.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "ratings",
                                        "name": "Ratings and their conditions",
                                        "description": "Rated capacity, power, throughput and the conditions each assumes.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "ratings-q01",
                                                "text": "What ratings characterise iceberg, in what units, and under what stated conditions?",
                                                "kind": "measurement"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "ratings-q02",
                                                "text": "What happens beyond the rating - degradation, refusal, damage - and how is that detected?",
                                                "kind": "action"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "operation-and-state",
                        "name": "Operation, controls and state",
                        "description": "How iceberg is operated and what state it is in right now.",
                        "rationale": "An agent acting on a device needs its current state and the controls that change it, not just its specification.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "controls-and-modes",
                                "name": "Controls and modes",
                                "description": "What can be set, what that changes, and what is interlocked.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "control-surface",
                                        "name": "Control surface and interlocks",
                                        "description": "The settings available and the conditions that block them.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "control-surface-q01",
                                                "text": "What controls and modes does iceberg have, and what does each change?",
                                                "kind": "definition"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "control-surface-q02",
                                                "text": "Which actions are interlocked or forbidden in which state, and what must be true before acting?",
                                                "kind": "action"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "condition-and-maintenance",
                                "name": "Condition and maintenance",
                                "description": "Wear, service intervals, consumables and the line between working and broken.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "service-record",
                                        "name": "Condition, service and consumables",
                                        "description": "What is consumed, what is serviced, and how condition is judged.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "service-record-q01",
                                                "text": "What consumables and service does iceberg need, at what interval, and on whose authority?",
                                                "kind": "measurement"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "service-record-q02",
                                                "text": "What evidence separates a unit that is working from one that is out of service?",
                                                "kind": "boundary"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "kind-model-unit",
                        "name": "Kind, model and unit",
                        "description": "Whether a claim about iceberg is about the kind, a product line, or one physical unit.",
                        "rationale": "This is the boundary most often got wrong for made things, and getting it wrong mixes a catalogue entry with the machine in the yard.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "level-of-reference",
                                "name": "Level of reference",
                                "description": "The three levels and what belongs at each.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "level-rules",
                                        "name": "What belongs to kind, model and unit",
                                        "description": "Which properties are shared by all of them and which are not.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "level-rules-q01",
                                                "text": "Which facts about iceberg hold for every one of them, which for a model, and which only for one unit?",
                                                "kind": "boundary"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "level-rules-q02",
                                                "text": "What identifies an individual unit, and what should an agent do when it has only the kind?",
                                                "kind": "action"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "standards-and-conformity",
                                "name": "Standards and conformity",
                                "description": "The standards a working example must meet and who attests it.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "conformity",
                                        "name": "Standards, marks and attestation",
                                        "description": "Which standard applies, who certifies, and what the mark means.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "conformity-q01",
                                                "text": "Which standards govern iceberg, issued by whom, and what does conformity actually assert?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "conformity-q02",
                                                "text": "What may an agent conclude from a certification mark, and what may it not?",
                                                "kind": "boundary"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "provenance-and-evidence",
                        "name": "Provenance, evidence and time",
                        "description": "Where every claim about a iceberg came from and when it held.",
                        "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "source-and-authority",
                                "name": "Source and authority",
                                "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "claim-provenance",
                                        "name": "Claim provenance and confidence",
                                        "description": "The authority behind each claim about a iceberg and how confident it is.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "claim-provenance-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a iceberg, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "claim-provenance-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a iceberg, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "claim-provenance-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a iceberg is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "time-and-versions",
                                "name": "Time, versions and supersession",
                                "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "validity-and-supersession",
                                        "name": "Validity period and supersession",
                                        "description": "How an old claim about a iceberg is retired without being erased.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a iceberg, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a iceberg, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a iceberg is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    }
                ]
            },
            "statistics": {
                "bundles": 8,
                "layers": 17,
                "findings": 19,
                "questions": 51
            }
        }
    }
}