{ "model": { "rank": 3124, "code": "thing-q482994", "model_id": "vr.tr.album", "name": "album", "purpose": "Let an agent identify an album by artist, title and release, relay track lists, formats, dates and identifiers from catalogue sources, distinguish albums from singles, compilations and reissues, and separate the music sense from photo and stamp albums.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Information and virtual systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "INF", "domain": "INF.MED", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q482994/", "tier": 2, "score": 90, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "stockbook", "album reissue", "split album", "live album", "remix album", "studio album reissue", "compilation album reissue", "live album reissue", "twofer compilation", "double live album", "instrumental live album", "live video album", "karaoke album", "compilation album", "promotional album", "double compilation album", "instrumental compilation album", "triple compilation album", "quadruple compilation album", "Aún te echamos de menos", "music video compilation album", "sampler album", "charity album", "compilation soundtrack album", "B-sides compilation album", "greatest hits album", "gas station cassette", "special album", "remake album", "children's album", "eponymous album", "double album", "Let's Start", "demo recording", "mixtape", "concept album", "Giraffenaffen", "studio album", "solo album", "album-equivalent unit" ], "aliasCount": 62, "merged": 62, "knownIn": 90, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": "vr.tr.album", "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q482994", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q482994", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-12T20:13:52Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 3, "engine": "claude" }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q482994", "registryId": "vr.tr.album", "name": "album", "version": "0.2.0-wave.3", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "INF.MED" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q482994/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.album", "name": "album", "purpose": "Let an agent identify an album by artist, title and release, relay track lists, formats, dates and identifiers from catalogue sources, distinguish albums from singles, compilations and reissues, and separate the music sense from photo and stamp albums.", "definition": "A collection of audio recordings issued together as a single work, on vinyl, cassette, compact disc or as a digital release, usually longer than a single or an extended play and presented with a title, artwork and track order; albums are the main unit of recorded music catalogues and are identified by catalogue numbers and barcodes.", "what_it_is_for": "Presenting a set of recordings as one work.", "affordances": [ "identify the album and its releases", "relay track list, format and date", "distinguish studio, live, compilation and reissue albums", "relay identifiers and catalogue sources" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Set of recordings as one work", "Title, artwork and track order", "Release with format and identifiers", "Distinct from single and EP" ], "appearance": "A physical disc or tape in a sleeve or case with artwork, or a digital release with cover image.", "visual_identification": [ "Titled set of tracks by an artist or group", "Catalogue number and barcode on physical releases", "A photo album and a stamp album are different objects" ], "physical_properties": [ { "quantity": "length", "typical_range": "about 30-80", "unit": "minutes", "note": "typical; formats set limits" }, { "quantity": "tracks", "typical_range": "about 8-20", "unit": "tracks", "note": "typical" } ], "families_and_kinds": [ "studio albums", "live albums", "compilation and greatest hits albums", "soundtrack albums", "remix and split albums", "reissues and deluxe editions", "concept and double albums" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "release group", "why": "in music metadata" }, { "relation": "contains", "target": "track", "why": "the recordings" }, { "relation": "is contrasted with", "target": "single", "why": "a shorter release" }, { "relation": "is confused with", "target": "photo album", "why": "another sense of the word" } ], "identifiers": [ { "scheme": "catalogue number", "value_or_pattern": "label specific", "note": "" }, { "scheme": "barcode", "value_or_pattern": "EAN or UPC", "note": "physical releases" }, { "scheme": "MusicBrainz release group", "value_or_pattern": "UUID", "note": "metadata database" } ], "standards_and_regulation": [ "Copyright and neighbouring rights for recordings", "Chart rules defining album eligibility", "Metadata standards such as ISRC for tracks" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Confusing releases, reissues and editions", "Wrong track lists across regions", "Copyright infringement" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identify", "name": "Identify", "description": "Which album.", "rationale": "Identity.", "layers": [ { "id": "which", "name": "Which", "description": "Artist and title.", "findings": [ { "id": "which-finding", "name": "Which", "description": "Which.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which album is meant, by whom, and which release or edition?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Is the question about a music album or a photo or stamp album?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "release", "name": "Release", "description": "Releases and formats.", "findings": [ { "id": "release-finding", "name": "Release", "description": "Release.", "questions": [ { "text": "What releases, formats, dates and catalogue numbers exist?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits the specific album?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "content", "name": "Content", "description": "Tracks and credits.", "rationale": "Content.", "layers": [ { "id": "tracks", "name": "Tracks", "description": "Track list.", "findings": [ { "id": "tracks-finding", "name": "Tracks", "description": "Tracks.", "questions": [ { "text": "What are the tracks, their order and durations?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits a specific track?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "credits", "name": "Credits", "description": "Credits.", "findings": [ { "id": "credits-finding", "name": "Credits", "description": "Credits.", "questions": [ { "text": "Who performed, wrote and produced the album?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which references are standard?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "context", "name": "Context", "description": "Reception and history.", "rationale": "Context.", "layers": [ { "id": "reception", "name": "Reception", "description": "Charts and reviews.", "findings": [ { "id": "reception-finding", "name": "Reception", "description": "Reception.", "questions": [ { "text": "How did the album chart and how was it received, with sources?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "text": "Are reviews attributed?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "history", "name": "History", "description": "The album as a form.", "findings": [ { "id": "history-finding", "name": "History", "description": "History.", "questions": [ { "text": "How did the album develop as a format from 78s to streaming?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits recorded music?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "rights", "name": "Rights", "description": "Rights and data.", "rationale": "Rights.", "layers": [ { "id": "copyright", "name": "Copyright", "description": "Rights.", "findings": [ { "id": "copyright-finding", "name": "Copyright", "description": "Copyright.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which rights apply to an album and its tracks?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits music copyright?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "data", "name": "Data", "description": "Metadata.", "findings": [ { "id": "data-finding", "name": "Data", "description": "Data.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which databases and identifiers describe albums?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits music metadata?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should each album be a separate entry only?", "How should MusicBrainz and Discogs be linked?", "The registry entry has merged aliases including a stamp stockbook; should they be split off?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "work, medium or creative form", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a album, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Let an agent identify an album by artist, title and release, relay track lists, formats, dates and identifiers from catalogue sources, distinguish albums from singles, compilations and reissues, and separate the music sense from photo and stamp albums.", "characteristics": { "substance": "information", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "read and interpreted", "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: stockbook, album reissue, split album, live album, remix album, studio album reissue, compilation album reissue, live album reissue, twofer compilation, double live album, instrumental live album, live video album.", "62 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 90 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a album, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "content that has to be carried by something else", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "read it and act on what it says", "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "What is seen is a copy or a performance, not the work. Recognising the work means recognising the content through whatever is carrying it." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "stockbook", "album reissue", "split album", "live album", "remix album", "studio album reissue", "compilation album reissue", "live album reissue", "twofer compilation", "double live album", "instrumental live album", "live video album" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 90 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 62 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one album from another, and a album from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a album, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a album, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a album is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a album, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a album, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a album is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a album sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a album, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a album, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a album is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a album from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a album, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a album, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a album is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a album passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a album between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a album, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a album, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a album is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a album, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a album is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a album, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a album, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a album is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "content-and-access", "name": "Content, encoding and access", "description": "What a album says, how it is encoded and who may read it.", "rationale": "An informational thing carries content that can be copied, versioned and withheld, none of which its physical carrier explains.", "layers": [ { "id": "content-and-encoding", "name": "Content and encoding", "description": "The content itself, its format and its language.", "findings": [ { "id": "content-and-format", "name": "Content, format and language", "description": "What a album contains and in what form it is held.", "questions": [ { "id": "content-and-format-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the content of a album, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "content-and-format-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the content of a album, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "content-and-format-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the content of a album is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "access-and-rights", "name": "Access, rights and retention", "description": "Who may read, copy or change it, and for how long it is kept.", "findings": [ { "id": "access-rules", "name": "Access rules and retention", "description": "The permissions attached to a album and the period it survives.", "questions": [ { "id": "access-rules-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes access to a album, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "access-rules-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about access to a album, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "access-rules-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once access to a album is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "work-and-manifestation", "name": "Work, version and copy", "description": "Which level of album a statement is about.", "rationale": "The work, the edition, the file and the copy in hand are four things; rights and content attach to different ones.", "layers": [ { "id": "levels", "name": "Levels of the thing", "description": "Work, expression, manifestation and item, in plain terms.", "findings": [ { "id": "level-rules", "name": "What belongs at each level", "description": "Which facts hold for the work and which only for one copy.", "questions": [ { "id": "level-rules-q01", "text": "For album, which facts belong to the work itself, which to a version, and which to a single copy?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "level-rules-q02", "text": "What identifier exists at each level, and which one is being cited?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "versions", "name": "Versions, editions and variants", "description": "How versions differ and which is canonical to whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "version-record", "name": "Versions and canonicity", "description": "Differences that matter and who calls one authoritative.", "questions": [ { "id": "version-record-q01", "text": "Which versions or editions of album exist, and how do they differ substantively?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "version-record-q02", "text": "Who treats which version as authoritative, and for what purpose?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "authorship-and-rights", "name": "Authorship, rights and permitted use", "description": "Who made album and what may be done with it.", "rationale": "Rights are jurisdictional, time-limited and attached to a level, and an agent that ignores that will copy what it may not.", "layers": [ { "id": "authorship", "name": "Authorship and contribution", "description": "Who contributed what, and in what capacity.", "findings": [ { "id": "contribution-record", "name": "Contributors and roles", "description": "The people and bodies behind it, with their roles.", "questions": [ { "id": "contribution-record-q01", "text": "Who authored or contributed to album, in what roles, and how is that attested?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "contribution-record-q02", "text": "Where authorship is disputed or anonymous, what is recorded instead?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "rights", "name": "Rights and permissions", "description": "Which rights subsist, where, until when, and what they permit.", "findings": [ { "id": "rights-record", "name": "Rights, term and permitted acts", "description": "The regime in force and what it allows.", "questions": [ { "id": "rights-record-q01", "text": "What rights subsist in album, in which jurisdictions, and until when?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "rights-record-q02", "text": "Which acts are permitted without further permission, and which must an agent refuse?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a album came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a album and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a album, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a album, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a album is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a album is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a album, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a album, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a album is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 12, "findings": 14, "questions": 38 } } } }