{ "model": { "rank": 4650, "code": "thing-q483948", "model_id": "vr.tr.conservation-of-mass", "name": "conservation of mass", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognize conservation-of-mass claims, establish their physical assumptions and system boundaries, and decide whether a mass balance supports a proposed explanation or action.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Information and virtual systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "INF", "domain": "INF.KNW", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q483948/", "tier": 2, "score": 73, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [], "aliasCount": 0, "merged": 0, "knownIn": 73, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q483948", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483948", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-09T20:42:12Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 20.3, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a087e7-4a9e-78a3-ac37-563ada5bdb56\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: conservation of mass\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: INF.KNW\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 1001 things:\n# Batch 005:", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 56.1, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a087e7-4aac-78c3-8f42-2cf3d18dcdba\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: conservation of mass\nRegistry id: vr.tr.conservation-of-mass\nPlane / domain: INF / INF.KNW\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into thi" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q483948", "registryId": "vr.tr.conservation-of-mass", "name": "conservation of mass", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "INF.KNW" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q483948/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.conservation-of-mass", "name": "conservation of mass", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognize conservation-of-mass claims, establish their physical assumptions and system boundaries, and decide whether a mass balance supports a proposed explanation or action.", "definition": "Conservation of mass is the principle that the total mass of a closed system remains constant in classical mechanics and ordinary chemical processes, with relativistic mass-energy effects requiring a more general treatment.", "scope_statement": "This model owns conservation of mass as a scientific principle represented by vr.tr.conservation-of-mass in INF / INF.KNW, including its classical formulations, application conditions, evidential tests, and limits where mass-energy accounting is required.", "in_scope": [ "Classical conservation of total mass within a specified system and physical regime", "Closed-system and open-system mass balances", "Local conservation expressed through density, flow, and the continuity equation", "Chemical and physical transformations that redistribute mass among substances or phases", "Measurement evidence, uncertainty, and apparent violations", "Boundaries between classical mass conservation and relativistic mass-energy accounting" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Mass as a physical quantity and the general theory of mass measurement", "Conservation of energy, momentum, or electric charge as independent principles", "Complete models of chemical reactions, stoichiometry, or reaction kinetics", "Detailed fluid dynamics and transport constitutive laws", "Nuclear reaction mechanisms and relativistic field theories", "Biographies of scientists and comprehensive histories of chemistry" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "The conserved quantity is total mass under stated classical assumptions, rather than volume, density, particle count, or the amount of each chemical species.", "A closed-system claim concerns unchanged total mass; an open-system claim permits mass accumulation when inflow differs from outflow.", "A chemical reaction can consume one species and produce another while conserving the aggregate mass to ordinary chemical precision.", "A valid test includes gases, dissolved material, residues, and other relevant inventories rather than only the visibly retained material.", "The principle does not assert that the sum of constituent rest masses is conserved in every process; binding-energy changes and energy transfer can require relativistic accounting." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Physical regime", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Classical chemical or mechanical; nuclear; relativistic; unresolved", "why_it_matters": "Determines whether ordinary mass conservation is an adequate approximation for the required precision." }, { "name": "System boundary", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Specified material system or control volume, including boundary motion and permitted transfers", "why_it_matters": "Defines which inventories and crossing flows enter the conservation claim." }, { "name": "Mass-transfer condition", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Closed to matter; open to matter; unknown", "why_it_matters": "Distinguishes constant system mass from accumulation governed by net transport." }, { "name": "Mass inventory", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "kg at a specified time", "why_it_matters": "Provides the stored quantity whose change must match net mass transfer." }, { "name": "Mass flow rate", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "kg/s for each boundary crossing, with a declared sign convention", "why_it_matters": "Accounts for mass entering and leaving an open system." }, { "name": "Mass-balance residual", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "kg over an interval, or kg/s for a rate balance", "why_it_matters": "Quantifies the discrepancy between observed accumulation and accounted net transfer." }, { "name": "Balance uncertainty", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "kg or kg/s, with uncertainty method and coverage stated", "why_it_matters": "Determines whether a residual is distinguishable from measurement and estimation uncertainty." }, { "name": "Assessment state", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Not assessed; consistent within uncertainty; unresolved discrepancy; outside stated approximation", "why_it_matters": "Separates supported applications from incomplete accounting and inappropriate physical assumptions." } ], "affordances": [ "Formulate a mass balance after declaring the system boundary, time interval, and physical regime.", "Estimate an unknown inventory or flow when the available balance constraints make it identifiable.", "Check whether a chemical or phase-change account includes all material contributions.", "Compare balance residuals with uncertainty and identify missing measurements.", "Investigate leaks, evaporation, deposition, and unrecorded transfers behind apparent mass losses or gains.", "Flag cases where the requested precision or process requires mass-energy accounting." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "principle-and-validity", "name": "Principle and validity", "description": "Identifies the conservation claim and the assumptions that make its use appropriate.", "rationale": "An agent must distinguish a classical accounting principle from an unrestricted assertion about every meaning of mass.", "layers": [ { "id": "conserved-quantity", "name": "Conserved quantity", "description": "Establishes what the claim counts as mass and what it does not conserve.", "findings": [ { "id": "total-mass-claim", "name": "Total mass claim", "description": "A classical mass-conservation claim concerns aggregate mass, although composition, phase, volume, and density may change.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does the statement concern total mass, a particular species inventory, particle count, or another quantity?", "kind": "definition", "id": "total-mass-claim-q01" }, { "text": "Which substances, phases, and dispersed materials contribute to the stated total?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "total-mass-claim-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "mass-energy-limit", "name": "Mass-energy limit", "description": "Determines whether classical mass accounting has sufficient accuracy.", "findings": [ { "id": "regime-and-precision", "name": "Regime and precision", "description": "Ordinary chemical mass balances neglect very small mass changes associated with energy changes; nuclear processes and sufficiently precise measurements can require explicit mass-energy accounting.", "questions": [ { "text": "What process and required precision justify treating mass as conserved in the classical balance?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "regime-and-precision-q01" }, { "text": "Could energy transfer or a change in binding energy produce a mass difference relevant to that precision?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "regime-and-precision-q02" }, { "text": "Does the claim distinguish total system invariant mass from the sum of constituent rest masses?", "kind": "definition", "id": "regime-and-precision-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "system-boundaries-and-balances", "name": "System boundaries and balances", "description": "Connects system inventory changes to material crossing a declared boundary.", "rationale": "Conservation cannot be tested from an apparent gain or loss until the system and its transfers are defined.", "layers": [ { "id": "boundary-selection", "name": "Boundary selection", "description": "Specifies whether the account follows matter or examines a region through which matter moves.", "findings": [ { "id": "material-system-or-control-volume", "name": "Material system or control volume", "description": "A material-system description follows the same matter, while a control-volume description accounts for matter crossing a spatial boundary that may itself move.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does the balance follow a fixed collection of matter or a defined control volume?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "material-system-or-control-volume-q01" }, { "text": "Where can solids, liquids, gases, or particles cross the boundary, including through leaks or sampling?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "material-system-or-control-volume-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "inventory-and-transfer", "name": "Inventory and transfer", "description": "Relates accumulation to inflows and outflows over matching times and boundaries.", "findings": [ { "id": "classical-total-mass-balance", "name": "Classical total mass balance", "description": "Within the classical approximation, final mass minus initial mass equals integrated mass inflow minus integrated mass outflow; internal chemical reactions do not supply a net total-mass generation term.", "questions": [ { "text": "What are the initial inventory, final inventory, and integrated boundary transfers over the same interval?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "classical-total-mass-balance-q01" }, { "text": "Is zero accumulation measured or justified, or has steady state merely been assumed?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "classical-total-mass-balance-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "transformations-and-local-accounting", "name": "Transformations and local accounting", "description": "Handles redistribution among species, phases, and spatial regions without confusing it with total-mass creation.", "rationale": "Reaction and flow descriptions use different balance terms, and conflating them produces false conservation claims.", "layers": [ { "id": "species-and-phase-accounting", "name": "Species and phase accounting", "description": "Separates changing component inventories from the total-mass constraint.", "findings": [ { "id": "redistribution-without-net-generation", "name": "Redistribution without net generation", "description": "Chemical reactions generate and consume species, while phase changes transfer material between phases; a complete classical account cancels these internal contributions when summed over total mass.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which inventory changes result from reaction, phase transfer, or transport across the external boundary?", "kind": "definition", "id": "redistribution-without-net-generation-q01" }, { "text": "Do species production and consumption rates sum to zero on a mass basis within the stated approximation?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "redistribution-without-net-generation-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "continuity-description", "name": "Continuity description", "description": "Expresses conservation through local density and mass flux.", "findings": [ { "id": "density-and-mass-flux", "name": "Density and mass flux", "description": "For a classical continuum with no total-mass source, local conservation is expressed by ∂ρ/∂t + ∇·(ρv) = 0, with v the mass-average velocity; constant density is an additional assumption.", "questions": [ { "text": "Are density and mass-average velocity defined over a continuum scale appropriate to the material?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "density-and-mass-flux-q01" }, { "text": "Does the local equation account for density changes, or is a constant-density simplification justified?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "density-and-mass-flux-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-diagnostic-action", "name": "Evidence and diagnostic action", "description": "Tests an application using traceable observations and directs investigation of discrepancies.", "rationale": "An agent needs grounds for accepting a balance and useful next steps when the observations do not close it.", "layers": [ { "id": "measurement-evidence", "name": "Measurement evidence", "description": "Establishes whether observations can support the claimed degree of closure.", "findings": [ { "id": "uncertainty-qualified-closure", "name": "Uncertainty-qualified closure", "description": "Agreement requires comparing the balance residual with uncertainty from inventories, flows, timing, and estimation; a small residual alone does not establish measurement quality.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which measurement records, calibrations, and estimation methods support each inventory and transfer value?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "uncertainty-qualified-closure-q01" }, { "text": "What is the residual after propagating relevant uncertainties, including correlations?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "uncertainty-qualified-closure-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "discrepancy-resolution", "name": "Discrepancy resolution", "description": "Turns apparent nonconservation into specific checks or a revision of the applicable physical description.", "findings": [ { "id": "unaccounted-mass-investigation", "name": "Unaccounted mass investigation", "description": "An unresolved residual warrants checking omitted inventories, boundary transfers, instrument effects, and regime assumptions before attributing it to failure of the principle.", "questions": [ { "text": "Could escaped gas, absorbed moisture, retained deposits, sampling, or measurement bias explain the residual?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "unaccounted-mass-investigation-q01" }, { "text": "Which additional measurement or boundary change would distinguish the leading explanations?", "kind": "action", "id": "unaccounted-mass-investigation-q02" }, { "text": "Does the discrepancy require improved classical accounting or explicit treatment of energy-related mass changes?", "kind": "action", "id": "unaccounted-mass-investigation-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "This describes a physical conservation principle, not a discipline or field of knowledge.", "Classical mass conservation is an extremely accurate approximation for ordinary chemistry, but energy exchange entails correspondingly small changes in system mass.", "The listed kinds are formulations of the principle, not separate physical laws." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of conservation of mass this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Integral formulation: mass balance over a system or control volume", "Local formulation: the continuity equation for mass density and mass flux" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of conservation of mass this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Balancing chemical equations alongside conservation of each chemical element", "Calculating material inputs, outputs and accumulation in industrial processes", "Modelling fluid flow through the mass continuity equation", "Checking experimental measurements for unaccounted material transfers", "Tracking water and pollutant inventories in environmental systems" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of conservation of mass this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Mass", "typical_range": "No universal range; depends on the system", "unit": "kg" }, { "quantity": "Mass flow rate", "typical_range": "No universal range; depends on the process", "unit": "kg/s" }, { "quantity": "Mass balance residual", "typical_range": "Expected to be consistent with zero within measurement uncertainty and the model's approximation", "unit": "kg for an integrated balance, or kg/s for a rate balance" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of conservation of mass this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Ignoring gases, leaks, evaporation or other boundary transfers can create an apparent violation.", "Assuming steady state when material is accumulating produces an incorrect balance.", "Confusing conservation of total mass with conservation of each chemical species gives incorrect results when reactions occur.", "Treating the sum of constituent rest masses as universally conserved fails in nuclear reactions and other relativistic processes.", "Measurement bias, inconsistent units or mismatched sampling periods can conceal losses or produce false discrepancies." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of conservation of mass this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Conservation of energy", "difference": "Constrains energy rather than classical material mass; relativistic accounting includes rest energy and energy transferred across boundaries." }, { "name": "Conservation of chemical elements", "difference": "Tracks atoms of each element in ordinary chemical reactions; nuclear reactions can change elemental identities." }, { "name": "Continuity equation", "difference": "Is a mathematical form of local conservation used for mass and other quantities, rather than a principle restricted to mass." }, { "name": "Conservation of matter", "difference": "Is often a historical synonym, but interpreting matter as a conserved number of material particles fails when particles can be created or annihilated." }, { "name": "Mass-energy equivalence", "difference": "Relates a system's invariant mass to its rest-frame energy through E = mc²; it is a relation between quantities rather than the classical mass balance principle." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of conservation of mass this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Does an existing Vercy world model already cover this principle and therefore supply the authoritative publication for this registry entry?", "Which authoritative sources should establish the classical statement, continuity formulation, and relativistic qualifications in a researched publication?", "How should the registry relate this entry to conservation of matter and conservation of mass-energy without treating those expressions as automatically equivalent?", "Which representative applications and precision requirements should anchor the boundary between adequate classical mass balances and necessary mass-energy accounting?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 9, "findings": 14, "questions": 24 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "discipline or field of knowledge", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a conservation of mass, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an agent to recognize conservation-of-mass claims, establish their physical assumptions and system boundaries, and decide whether a mass balance supports a proposed explanation or action.", "characteristics": { "substance": "information", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "read and interpreted" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Described in 73 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a conservation of mass, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "content that has to be carried by something else", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "read it and act on what it says" ], "howItIsRecognised": [], "relatedModels": [], "standing": "Described in 73 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one conservation of mass from another, and a conservation of mass from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a conservation of mass, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a conservation of mass, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a conservation of mass is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a conservation of mass, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a conservation of mass, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a conservation of mass is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a conservation of mass sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a conservation of mass, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a conservation of mass, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a conservation of mass is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a conservation of mass from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a conservation of mass, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a conservation of mass, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a conservation of mass is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a conservation of mass passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a conservation of mass between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a conservation of mass, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a conservation of mass, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a conservation of mass is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a conservation of mass, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a conservation of mass is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a conservation of mass, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a conservation of mass, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a conservation of mass is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "content-and-access", "name": "Content, encoding and access", "description": "What a conservation of mass says, how it is encoded and who may read it.", "rationale": "An informational thing carries content that can be copied, versioned and withheld, none of which its physical carrier explains.", "layers": [ { "id": "content-and-encoding", "name": "Content and encoding", "description": "The content itself, its format and its language.", "findings": [ { "id": "content-and-format", "name": "Content, format and language", "description": "What a conservation of mass contains and in what form it is held.", "questions": [ { "id": "content-and-format-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the content of a conservation of mass, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "content-and-format-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the content of a conservation of mass, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "content-and-format-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the content of a conservation of mass is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "access-and-rights", "name": "Access, rights and retention", "description": "Who may read, copy or change it, and for how long it is kept.", "findings": [ { "id": "access-rules", "name": "Access rules and retention", "description": "The permissions attached to a conservation of mass and the period it survives.", "questions": [ { "id": "access-rules-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes access to a conservation of mass, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "access-rules-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about access to a conservation of mass, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "access-rules-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once access to a conservation of mass is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "subject-and-method", "name": "Subject matter and method", "description": "What conservation of mass studies and how it establishes anything.", "rationale": "A field is identified by its questions and its methods, and those are what distinguish it from the fields next to it.", "layers": [ { "id": "subject", "name": "Subject matter", "description": "The questions it takes as its own.", "findings": [ { "id": "subject-record", "name": "Questions and objects of study", "description": "What it is about, stated so a neighbouring field can be told apart.", "questions": [ { "id": "subject-record-q01", "text": "What questions and objects does conservation of mass take as its own?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "subject-record-q02", "text": "Which questions does it share with a neighbouring field, and who claims them?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "method", "name": "Method and evidence", "description": "How claims are established and what counts as evidence.", "findings": [ { "id": "method-record", "name": "Methods and standards of evidence", "description": "The methods used and what they are taken to establish.", "questions": [ { "id": "method-record-q01", "text": "By what methods does conservation of mass establish claims, and what counts as sufficient evidence?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "method-record-q02", "text": "What kind of claim can this field not settle, and where should an agent look instead?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "institutions-and-classification", "name": "Institutions and classification", "description": "Where conservation of mass is practised and how catalogues place it.", "rationale": "The institutional footprint is the evidence that a field exists as a field rather than as a topic.", "layers": [ { "id": "institutions", "name": "Institutional markers", "description": "Societies, journals, degrees and departments.", "findings": [ { "id": "institution-record", "name": "Bodies and venues", "description": "Where the field organises itself.", "questions": [ { "id": "institution-record-q01", "text": "Which societies, journals or degrees mark conservation of mass as an established field?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "institution-record-q02", "text": "What would show that it is emerging or dissolving rather than established?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification", "name": "Classification schemes", "description": "Where library and research classifications put it.", "findings": [ { "id": "classification-record", "name": "Codes and their disagreements", "description": "The classification codes that place it, and where they differ.", "questions": [ { "id": "classification-record-q01", "text": "Which classification schemes place conservation of mass, under what codes?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "classification-record-q02", "text": "Where do those schemes disagree about its scope?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a conservation of mass came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a conservation of mass and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a conservation of mass, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a conservation of mass, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a conservation of mass is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a conservation of mass is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a conservation of mass, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a conservation of mass, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a conservation of mass is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 12, "findings": 14, "questions": 38 } } } }