{
    "model": {
        "rank": 4847,
        "code": "thing-q484188",
        "model_id": "vr.tr.serial-killer",
        "name": "serial killer",
        "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to assess whether evidence supports classifying a person as a serial killer under an explicit definition, track uncertainty, and govern responsible use of that classification.",
        "family": "Thing Registry",
        "category": "Society, people and institutions",
        "status": "research-draft",
        "kind": "thing",
        "plane": "SOC",
        "domain": "SOC.PER",
        "industry": "",
        "version": "",
        "url": "/models/thing/q484188/",
        "tier": 2,
        "score": 72,
        "payload": {
            "layer": "wikidata",
            "aliases": [
                "Dnepropetrovsk maniacs",
                "angel of mercy",
                "black widow"
            ],
            "aliasCount": 3,
            "merged": 3,
            "knownIn": 72,
            "facets": null,
            "markers": [],
            "lexicalClass": "",
            "senseRank": null,
            "alsoRegisteredAs": null,
            "source": {
                "dataset": "wikidata",
                "item": "Q484188",
                "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484188",
                "license": "CC0 1.0"
            }
        },
        "research": {
            "vercy": "1.0-draft",
            "publication": {
                "status": "research-draft",
                "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed",
                "publishableCanonical": false,
                "generatedAt": "2026-09-09T21:07:10Z",
                "providers": [
                    "Codex"
                ],
                "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read",
                "missingProviders": [],
                "pass": 2,
                "cost": {
                    "grok": {
                        "seconds": 18.5,
                        "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a087fe-25e9-7b90-adc4-4fe9cfb4da94\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: serial killer\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: SOC.PER\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 1001 things:\n# Batch 005: 1001 r",
                        "usd": 0,
                        "recall": true
                    },
                    "codex": {
                        "seconds": 55.4,
                        "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a087fe-25f3-7333-9498-461c03e83ee2\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: serial killer\nRegistry id: vr.tr.serial-killer\nPlane / domain: SOC / SOC.PER\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none"
                    }
                }
            },
            "metaModel": {
                "id": "THING-Q484188",
                "registryId": "vr.tr.serial-killer",
                "name": "serial killer",
                "version": "0.1.0-research.1",
                "entryKind": "thing",
                "family": "Thing Registry",
                "domain": [
                    "SOC.PER"
                ],
                "status": "research-draft"
            },
            "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q484188/",
            "model": {
                "registry_id": "vr.tr.serial-killer",
                "name": "serial killer",
                "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to assess whether evidence supports classifying a person as a serial killer under an explicit definition, track uncertainty, and govern responsible use of that classification.",
                "definition": "A serial killer is a person who unlawfully kills multiple victims in separate events, commonly operationalized as two or more victims, although definitions differ over the minimum count and separation between events.",
                "scope_statement": "This model owns the evidence-qualified classification of a person in relation to multiple killings across separate events, including definition choice, attribution, temporal separation, and revision; it treats serial killer as a behavioral classification rather than an occupation, diagnosis, or substitute for legal findings.",
                "in_scope": [
                    "The operational definition and counting rules used to classify a person",
                    "Links between a person and distinct killings or killing events, with attribution status",
                    "Temporal separation and boundaries between events in an alleged or established series",
                    "Evidence supporting or challenging the inclusion of each event",
                    "Differences between research classification, investigative suspicion, public labeling, and adjudicated findings",
                    "Conditions for assigning, qualifying, revising, or withdrawing the classification"
                ],
                "out_of_scope": [
                    "The person's complete biography, identity record, or employment history",
                    "Detailed reconstruction of individual homicides and their forensic evidence",
                    "Clinical diagnoses, treatment plans, or inferred psychiatric conditions",
                    "Criminal charges, sentencing rules, and procedural law owned by jurisdiction-specific legal models",
                    "Victims' complete personal records and support-service case management",
                    "Operational methods for committing violence, selecting victims, or evading investigation"
                ],
                "distinguishing_features": [
                    "Classification requires a stated threshold involving multiple victims across separate events; a single event with multiple victims does not establish this model's defining pattern.",
                    "Event separation must be evaluated under the selected definition, rather than inferred from victim count alone.",
                    "A person must be linked to the qualifying events by assessed evidence; similar offenses or media speculation alone do not establish attribution.",
                    "The classification concerns a pattern of attributed killings, not a job, an employment relationship, a diagnosis, or a personality type.",
                    "A suspected classification remains distinguishable from one supported by adjudicated findings, and neither status silently substitutes for the other."
                ],
                "characteristics": [
                    {
                        "name": "Operational definition",
                        "kind": "relation",
                        "unit_or_values": "Named source and version specifying victim threshold, event separation, and exclusions",
                        "why_it_matters": "The same evidence may produce different classifications under different definitions."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Qualifying victim count",
                        "kind": "measurement",
                        "unit_or_values": "People; record established and disputed counts separately under the selected definition",
                        "why_it_matters": "An inflated or inconsistently counted total can change whether the classification applies."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Qualifying event count",
                        "kind": "measurement",
                        "unit_or_values": "Distinct killing events, with unresolved event boundaries identified",
                        "why_it_matters": "Multiple victims do not necessarily imply multiple separate events."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Inter-event intervals",
                        "kind": "measurement",
                        "unit_or_values": "Elapsed time between events in hours or days, including uncertainty ranges or unknown values",
                        "why_it_matters": "Temporal evidence supports evaluation of separation without assuming an unobserved psychological reset."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Per-event attribution status",
                        "kind": "state",
                        "unit_or_values": "Unassessed, alleged, supported, contested, adjudicated with outcome, or excluded",
                        "why_it_matters": "The overall classification must remain traceable to the strength and status of individual event links."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Participation in each event",
                        "kind": "category",
                        "unit_or_values": "Alleged direct participation, alleged joint participation, other alleged involvement, established participation with stated basis, or unresolved",
                        "why_it_matters": "Association with an offender or group does not by itself establish personal responsibility for a qualifying killing."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Classification assessment",
                        "kind": "state",
                        "unit_or_values": "Not assessed, insufficient evidence, criteria met under named definition, disputed, or withdrawn",
                        "why_it_matters": "The label needs an explicit, revisable assessment rather than a permanent unsupported assertion."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Assessment date",
                        "kind": "measurement",
                        "unit_or_values": "Calendar date of the latest evidence and definition review",
                        "why_it_matters": "Later evidence, corrected attribution, or changed adjudication may require reassessment."
                    }
                ],
                "affordances": [
                    "Evaluate whether attributed events satisfy an explicitly selected definition.",
                    "Compare classification outcomes under alternative definitions without merging their criteria.",
                    "Trace qualifying counts to individual events and the sources supporting their attribution.",
                    "Identify disputed links, uncertain dates, and missing evidence that prevent a supported conclusion.",
                    "Generate a qualified account separating allegations, evidence assessments, and adjudicated findings.",
                    "Revise or withdraw the classification when event attribution or the governing definition changes."
                ]
            },
            "sources": [],
            "structure": {
                "bundles": [
                    {
                        "id": "classification-boundaries",
                        "name": "Classification boundaries",
                        "description": "Defines the precise sense of serial killer used and the conditions required for its application.",
                        "rationale": "A familiar label cannot support reliable recognition unless its threshold and exclusions are explicit.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "operational-criteria",
                                "name": "Operational criteria",
                                "description": "Identifies the definition governing victim counts and separate events.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "definition-dependent-threshold",
                                        "name": "Definition-dependent threshold",
                                        "description": "The model must record the selected definition rather than silently assume a universal victim threshold or separation rule.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which source and version define the minimum victim count and separate-event requirement for this assessment?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "id": "definition-dependent-threshold-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which exclusions or participation requirements does that definition impose?",
                                                "kind": "boundary",
                                                "id": "definition-dependent-threshold-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "neighboring-classifications",
                                "name": "Neighboring classifications",
                                "description": "Separates the classification from adjacent killing patterns and unrelated person categories.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "pattern-and-role-boundaries",
                                        "name": "Pattern and role boundaries",
                                        "description": "The assessment must distinguish separate-event killing from a multiple-victim single event and must not treat the label as an occupation or clinical diagnosis.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "What evidence establishes more than one event rather than multiple victims within one event?",
                                                "kind": "boundary",
                                                "id": "pattern-and-role-boundaries-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Does the record improperly use employment, a diagnosis, or a personality description as sufficient evidence for the classification?",
                                                "kind": "boundary",
                                                "id": "pattern-and-role-boundaries-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "series-composition",
                        "name": "Series composition",
                        "description": "Establishes which victims and events belong to the assessed series and how they are counted.",
                        "rationale": "Classification depends on defensible event membership, not a headline total or an undifferentiated list of cases.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "victims-and-events",
                                "name": "Victims and events",
                                "description": "Separates victim identities, event identities, and uncertain inclusion.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "auditable-series-counts",
                                        "name": "Auditable series counts",
                                        "description": "Victim and event totals must be reconstructible from individual records, with duplicates and disputed inclusions handled explicitly.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "How many distinct victims and events qualify when only the stated evidence threshold is applied?",
                                                "kind": "measurement",
                                                "id": "auditable-series-counts-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which reported victims or events are duplicates, disputed, or excluded, and on what basis?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "id": "auditable-series-counts-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "temporal-separation",
                                "name": "Temporal separation",
                                "description": "Records dates, uncertainty, and the basis for treating episodes as separate.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "observable-event-separation",
                                        "name": "Observable event separation",
                                        "description": "Event separation should be assessed from documented chronology and the selected definition, without inventing emotional states between killings.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "What are the known or bounded dates of each event, and what intervals follow from them?",
                                                "kind": "measurement",
                                                "id": "observable-event-separation-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Would plausible alternative dates or event boundaries change whether the series meets the selected definition?",
                                                "kind": "boundary",
                                                "id": "observable-event-separation-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "attribution-and-evidence",
                        "name": "Attribution and evidence",
                        "description": "Connects each proposed killing to the person while preserving uncertainty, source dependence, and contrary evidence.",
                        "rationale": "A correctly counted series still cannot justify classifying a person unless their involvement is supported event by event.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "person-event-links",
                                "name": "Person-event links",
                                "description": "Assesses the evidence and participation basis for each attributed event.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "individualized-attribution",
                                        "name": "Individualized attribution",
                                        "description": "Each event requires its own attribution assessment; resemblance to other events, association with another offender, and a reported confession require evaluation rather than automatic acceptance.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "What evidence links this person to this event, and what involvement does that evidence support?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "id": "individualized-attribution-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which links depend primarily on similarities, association, or a confession whose corroboration remains unresolved?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "id": "individualized-attribution-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "corroboration-and-challenges",
                                "name": "Corroboration and challenges",
                                "description": "Distinguishes independent support from repeated claims and records evidence against attribution.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "source-dependence-and-counterevidence",
                                        "name": "Source dependence and counterevidence",
                                        "description": "Repeated reporting of one allegation must remain distinguishable from independent corroboration, and conflicting evidence must stay visible.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which sources supply independent evidence, and which repeat a common originating claim?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "id": "source-dependence-and-counterevidence-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "What contrary evidence, retractions, or corrected identifications challenge inclusion of each event?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "id": "source-dependence-and-counterevidence-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "assessment-and-responsible-use",
                        "name": "Assessment and responsible use",
                        "description": "Controls how the classification is expressed, reviewed, and propagated.",
                        "rationale": "An agent must preserve distinctions between suspicion and established findings and respond to corrections without perpetuating unsupported labels.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "classification-status",
                                "name": "Classification status",
                                "description": "Separates the model's assessment from investigative, judicial, and public descriptions.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "qualified-label-use",
                                        "name": "Qualified label use",
                                        "description": "Any use of the classification must identify its definition, evidential basis, and unresolved allegations; judicial outcomes remain separately recorded.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "Who assigned the label, under which definition, and on what evidential basis?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "id": "qualified-label-use-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "What qualification must accompany the label so that disputed attribution is not presented as an established finding?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "id": "qualified-label-use-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "revision-and-propagation",
                                "name": "Revision and propagation",
                                "description": "Defines when changed evidence requires reassessment and correction of dependent outputs.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "classification-reassessment",
                                        "name": "Classification reassessment",
                                        "description": "Removing an event, changing an attribution assessment, or selecting a different definition must trigger reconsideration of the overall classification.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which evidence changes or definition changes would reduce the qualifying series below the applicable threshold?",
                                                "kind": "boundary",
                                                "id": "classification-reassessment-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which linked records or generated accounts require correction if the classification is qualified or withdrawn?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "id": "classification-reassessment-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment",
                        "name": "Evidence and external alignment",
                        "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.",
                        "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "reported-evidence",
                                "name": "Reported evidence",
                                "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "evidence-confidence-notes",
                                        "name": "Check these first",
                                        "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.",
                                        "evidence": [
                                            "This describes a person classified by repeated criminal conduct, not an occupation, qualification or psychiatric diagnosis.",
                                            "Check the definition used by the relevant research dataset or investigative body before comparing counts; a cooling-off period is not required by every definition.",
                                            "Recalled knowledge only: no sources were consulted, and motivational typologies are omitted because their reliability and boundaries are disputed."
                                        ],
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01",
                                                "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of serial killer this model covers, and on what evidence?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    },
                                    {
                                        "id": "evidence-real-world-use",
                                        "name": "Real-world use",
                                        "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.",
                                        "evidence": [
                                            "Criminological classification of offenders and repeated homicide.",
                                            "Investigation of potentially linked homicide cases.",
                                            "Research on victimization patterns, offending histories and investigative outcomes."
                                        ],
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01",
                                                "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of serial killer this model covers, and on what evidence?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    },
                                    {
                                        "id": "evidence-measurements",
                                        "name": "Typical measurements",
                                        "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.",
                                        "evidence": [
                                            {
                                                "quantity": "Number of victims attributed to an offender",
                                                "typical_range": "Two or more under a common definition; some definitions require at least three",
                                                "unit": "people"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "quantity": "Time between separate killing events",
                                                "typical_range": "No universally accepted numerical threshold",
                                                "unit": "elapsed time"
                                            }
                                        ],
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "evidence-measurements-q01",
                                                "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of serial killer this model covers, and on what evidence?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    },
                                    {
                                        "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards",
                                        "name": "Failure modes and hazards",
                                        "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.",
                                        "evidence": [
                                            "Further homicide and lasting harm to survivors, victims' families and communities.",
                                            "Incorrectly linking unrelated deaths or failing to connect related cases.",
                                            "Treating suspected, confessed and independently established victim counts as equivalent.",
                                            "Using stereotyped offender profiles as substitutes for evidence.",
                                            "Sensational coverage that glorifies offenders or marginalizes victims."
                                        ],
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01",
                                                "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of serial killer this model covers, and on what evidence?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    },
                                    {
                                        "id": "evidence-regional-variation",
                                        "name": "Regional variation",
                                        "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.",
                                        "evidence": [
                                            "Researchers and investigative bodies use different victim-count thresholds and event-separation criteria.",
                                            "Differences in death investigation, missing-person reporting and record sharing affect identification and comparison of cases."
                                        ],
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01",
                                                "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of serial killer this model covers, and on what evidence?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    },
                                    {
                                        "id": "evidence-neighbours",
                                        "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart",
                                        "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.",
                                        "evidence": [
                                            {
                                                "name": "homicide offender",
                                                "difference": "The broader category does not require multiple victims killed in separate events."
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "name": "mass murderer",
                                                "difference": "Mass murder concerns multiple victims within a single event; serial killing requires separate events."
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "name": "spree killer",
                                                "difference": "Traditionally denotes multiple killings in a continuous sequence without an intervening cooling-off period; its boundary with serial killing is contested."
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "name": "contract killer",
                                                "difference": "Defined by killing for payment or another contracted reward; a contract killer may also meet a serial-killing definition."
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "name": "psychopathy",
                                                "difference": "A psychological construct, not a repeated-homicide category; neither label establishes the other."
                                            }
                                        ],
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01",
                                                "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of serial killer this model covers, and on what evidence?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    }
                ]
            },
            "openQuestions": [
                "Which authoritative operational definition should govern this registry entry, and how should alternative victim thresholds be represented?",
                "How do relevant definitions distinguish serial killing from spree killing, and do they require temporal separation, a cooling-off concept, or other criteria?",
                "How should killings involving joint offenders, contracted violence, organized crime, or armed conflict be included or excluded under the selected definition?",
                "What evidence threshold should permit an unqualified classification when some qualifying events have not been adjudicated?",
                "Does an existing Vercy world model already own this classification, requiring this registry entry to link to it rather than establish a separate model?"
            ],
            "statistics": {
                "bundles": 5,
                "layers": 9,
                "findings": 14,
                "questions": 22
            }
        },
        "draft": {
            "generator": "vr.draft.v3",
            "status": "draft-generated",
            "researched": false,
            "archetype": "occupation or role",
            "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.",
            "facetsInferred": true,
            "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.",
            "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a serial killer, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.",
            "whatItIs": "Enable an AI agent to assess whether evidence supports classifying a person as a serial killer under an explicit definition, track uncertainty, and govern responsible use of that classification.",
            "characteristics": {
                "substance": "social",
                "origin": "natural",
                "agency": "autonomous",
                "mobility": "self-moving"
            },
            "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [
                "observed and measured"
            ],
            "distinguishingFeatures": [
                "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: Dnepropetrovsk maniacs, angel of mercy, black widow.",
                "3 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.",
                "Described in 72 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is."
            ],
            "openQuestionsForResearch": [
                "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?",
                "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?",
                "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a serial killer, and on what evidence are they told apart?"
            ],
            "whatItIsMadeOf": "a social arrangement between people",
            "physicalCharacter": [
                "Moves under its own power or of its own accord.",
                "Acts on its own behalf.",
                "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing."
            ],
            "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [
                "observe it, measure it, record its state"
            ],
            "howItIsRecognised": [
                "Not recognisable by appearance, and guessing from dress or setting is how an agent gets this wrong. Recognised by qualification, licence or engagement."
            ],
            "relatedModels": [
                {
                    "relation": "covers",
                    "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.",
                    "targets": [
                        "Dnepropetrovsk maniacs",
                        "angel of mercy",
                        "black widow"
                    ]
                }
            ],
            "standing": "Described in 72 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 3 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.",
            "structure": {
                "bundles": [
                    {
                        "id": "identity-and-classification",
                        "name": "Identity, naming and classification",
                        "description": "How an agent tells one serial killer from another, and a serial killer from things that resemble it.",
                        "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "naming-and-identifiers",
                                "name": "Names and identifiers",
                                "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases",
                                        "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names",
                                        "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a serial killer, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a serial killer, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a serial killer is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    },
                                    {
                                        "id": "stable-identifiers",
                                        "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys",
                                        "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "stable-identifiers-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a serial killer, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "stable-identifiers-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a serial killer, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "stable-identifiers-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a serial killer is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "classification-and-granularity",
                                "name": "Classification and granularity",
                                "description": "Where a serial killer sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "kind-and-parents",
                                        "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds",
                                        "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "kind-and-parents-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a serial killer, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "kind-and-parents-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a serial killer, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "kind-and-parents-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a serial killer is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    },
                                    {
                                        "id": "distinguishing-features",
                                        "name": "Distinguishing features",
                                        "description": "What separates a serial killer from the things most often confused with it.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "distinguishing-features-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a serial killer, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "distinguishing-features-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a serial killer, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "distinguishing-features-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a serial killer is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "place-and-movement",
                        "name": "Place and movement",
                        "description": "Where a serial killer is, how it got there and where it may go (self-moving).",
                        "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "location-and-placement",
                                "name": "Location and placement",
                                "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "position-and-frame",
                                        "name": "Position, container and reference frame",
                                        "description": "Where a serial killer is, and what that position is measured against.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "position-and-frame-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a serial killer, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "position-and-frame-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a serial killer, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "position-and-frame-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a serial killer is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "movement-and-transfer",
                                "name": "Movement and transfer",
                                "description": "How a serial killer moves on its own.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "movement-events",
                                        "name": "Movement events and constraints",
                                        "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "movement-events-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a serial killer, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "movement-events-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a serial killer, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "movement-events-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a serial killer is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "state-and-lifecycle",
                        "name": "State and lifecycle",
                        "description": "The states a serial killer passes through and the events that move it between them.",
                        "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "lifecycle-stages",
                                "name": "Lifecycle stages",
                                "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "stages-and-transitions",
                                        "name": "Stages and transitions",
                                        "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a serial killer between them.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a serial killer, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a serial killer, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a serial killer is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "observations-and-status",
                                "name": "Observations and current status",
                                "description": "What is observed about a serial killer, how often and by whom.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "observation-record",
                                        "name": "Observation record",
                                        "description": "How an observation of a serial killer is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "observation-record-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a serial killer, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "observation-record-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a serial killer, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "observation-record-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a serial killer is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "people-and-responsibility",
                        "name": "People, roles and responsibility",
                        "description": "Who stands in what relation to a serial killer.",
                        "rationale": "Social things are defined by the relations people hold to them, and those relations change without the thing changing.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "roles-and-parties",
                                "name": "Roles and parties",
                                "description": "The roles that exist around a serial killer and who fills them.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "role-assignments",
                                        "name": "Role assignments and their validity",
                                        "description": "Who holds which role over a serial killer, from when, and on whose authority.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "role-assignments-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes a role over a serial killer, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "role-assignments-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about a role over a serial killer, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "role-assignments-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a role over a serial killer is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "ownership-and-accountability",
                                "name": "Ownership and accountability",
                                "description": "Who answers for a serial killer and who may decide about it.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "accountability",
                                        "name": "Accountability and decision rights",
                                        "description": "Where responsibility for a serial killer sits when something goes wrong.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "accountability-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes responsibility for a serial killer, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "accountability-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about responsibility for a serial killer, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "accountability-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once responsibility for a serial killer is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "competence-and-licence",
                        "name": "Competence, qualification and licence",
                        "description": "What someone must be able to do, and be permitted to do, as serial killer.",
                        "rationale": "The permission is jurisdictional and the competence is not, and conflating them is how an agent concludes someone may practise when they may not.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "competences",
                                "name": "Competences and qualifications",
                                "description": "Skills and credentials the role assumes.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "qualification-record",
                                        "name": "Qualifications and how they are evidenced",
                                        "description": "What counts as qualified, and what proves it.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "qualification-record-q01",
                                                "text": "What competences and qualifications does serial killer require, and how is each evidenced?",
                                                "kind": "definition"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "qualification-record-q02",
                                                "text": "Which qualifications transfer between jurisdictions and which do not?",
                                                "kind": "boundary"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "licensing",
                                "name": "Licensing and the right to practise",
                                "description": "Who grants permission, where it holds, and when it lapses.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "licence-record",
                                        "name": "Licence, issuer and validity",
                                        "description": "The permission, its issuer, its territory and its expiry.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "licence-record-q01",
                                                "text": "Who licenses serial killer, in which territory, and for how long?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "licence-record-q02",
                                                "text": "What may an unlicensed person not do, and what must an agent refuse to assume?",
                                                "kind": "action"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "tasks-and-accountability",
                        "name": "Tasks, employment and accountability",
                        "description": "What serial killer actually does and who answers for it.",
                        "rationale": "A role is filled by people under an arrangement, and the arrangement decides liability, supervision and who may instruct whom.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "tasks",
                                "name": "Tasks and typical duties",
                                "description": "The work itself, and how it differs by setting.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "duty-record",
                                        "name": "Duties and setting",
                                        "description": "What the role does and where the work varies.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "duty-record-q01",
                                                "text": "What tasks define serial killer, and how do they differ between settings or seniority?",
                                                "kind": "definition"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "duty-record-q02",
                                                "text": "Which tasks may only be done by this role, and which are shared with neighbouring roles?",
                                                "kind": "boundary"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "accountability",
                                "name": "Employment and accountability",
                                "description": "The relation under which the work is done and where responsibility sits.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "responsibility",
                                        "name": "Responsibility and supervision",
                                        "description": "Who instructs, who supervises, who is liable.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "responsibility-q01",
                                                "text": "Under what arrangement does someone act as serial killer, and who supervises or is liable?",
                                                "kind": "definition"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "responsibility-q02",
                                                "text": "When something goes wrong, what does the model need to have recorded to answer who was responsible?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "provenance-and-evidence",
                        "name": "Provenance, evidence and time",
                        "description": "Where every claim about a serial killer came from and when it held.",
                        "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "source-and-authority",
                                "name": "Source and authority",
                                "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "claim-provenance",
                                        "name": "Claim provenance and confidence",
                                        "description": "The authority behind each claim about a serial killer and how confident it is.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "claim-provenance-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a serial killer, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "claim-provenance-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a serial killer, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "claim-provenance-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a serial killer is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "time-and-versions",
                                "name": "Time, versions and supersession",
                                "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "validity-and-supersession",
                                        "name": "Validity period and supersession",
                                        "description": "How an old claim about a serial killer is retired without being erased.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a serial killer, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a serial killer, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a serial killer is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    }
                ]
            },
            "statistics": {
                "bundles": 7,
                "layers": 14,
                "findings": 16,
                "questions": 44
            }
        }
    }
}