{ "model": { "rank": 9859, "code": "thing-q485100", "model_id": "vr.tr.illiteracy", "name": "illiteracy", "purpose": "Let an agent explain illiteracy respectfully, relay definitions, measurement, global patterns, causes and literacy programmes from UNESCO and education sources with figures attributed, describe the named country contexts and returning illiteracy, and distinguish illiteracy from functional illiteracy, dyslexia, innumeracy and digital illiteracy.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Cross-cutting context", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "XCT", "domain": "XCT.TME", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q485100/", "tier": 2, "score": 46, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "illiteracy in Portugal", "illiteracy in the Arabic world", "illiteracy in Egypt", "returning illiteracy", "illiteracy in Somalia", "illiteracy in Gibuti", "illiteracy in Mauritania" ], "aliasCount": 7, "merged": 7, "knownIn": 46, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q485100", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485100", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-14T00:45:22Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 4, "engine": "claude" }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q485100", "registryId": "vr.tr.illiteracy", "name": "illiteracy", "version": "0.2.0-wave.4", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "XCT.TME" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q485100/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.illiteracy", "name": "illiteracy", "purpose": "Let an agent explain illiteracy respectfully, relay definitions, measurement, global patterns, causes and literacy programmes from UNESCO and education sources with figures attributed, describe the named country contexts and returning illiteracy, and distinguish illiteracy from functional illiteracy, dyslexia, innumeracy and digital illiteracy.", "definition": "The inability to read and write, measured by UNESCO as the lack of basic literacy skills among adults and youth, affecting hundreds of millions of adults worldwide, a majority of them women, with the highest rates in parts of sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia, and country contexts the registry aliases name such as illiteracy in Portugal, Egypt, Somalia, Djibouti, spelled Gibuti in one alias, and the Arab world, as well as returning illiteracy, the loss of literacy skills after leaving school; the registry files it under functional illiteracy, which is a related but different concept of insufficient literacy for everyday demands. Figures vary by survey and year and are attributed, and adult literacy programmes aim to help without stigma.", "what_it_is_for": "Not applicable; a social and educational condition.", "affordances": [ "explain definitions and measurement", "relay global patterns", "describe named contexts", "present figures with attribution" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Basic reading and writing", "Gender gaps", "Regional concentration", "Measured by self-report and tests" ], "appearance": "Not a physical object; measured in surveys and censuses.", "visual_identification": [ "Inability to read and write", "Illiteracy in Portugal, in the Arab world, in Egypt, in Somalia, in Djibouti, returning illiteracy", "Functional illiteracy is insufficient literacy for daily needs; dyslexia is a learning difference; innumeracy concerns numbers; digital illiteracy concerns technology" ], "physical_properties": [ { "quantity": "International Literacy Day", "typical_range": "8 September", "unit": "date", "note": "UNESCO, since 1967" }, { "quantity": "SDG target", "typical_range": "4.6", "unit": "target", "note": "youth and adult literacy" }, { "quantity": "registry parent", "typical_range": "functional illiteracy", "unit": "note", "note": "related concept" } ], "families_and_kinds": [ "adult illiteracy", "youth illiteracy", "returning or regressive illiteracy", "national contexts" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is related to", "target": "functional illiteracy", "why": "registry parent" }, { "relation": "is the opposite of", "target": "literacy", "why": "" }, { "relation": "is monitored by", "target": "UNESCO Institute for Statistics", "why": "" }, { "relation": "is contrasted with", "target": "dyslexia", "why": "" } ], "identifiers": [], "standards_and_regulation": [ "Sustainable Development Goal 4", "UNESCO literacy definitions", "National compulsory schooling laws" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Stigmatising language", "Stale or non-comparable figures", "Confusing illiteracy with learning disabilities" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "understand", "name": "Understand", "description": "What illiteracy is.", "rationale": "Attribution.", "layers": [ { "id": "definition", "name": "Definition", "description": "Definition.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-finding", "name": "Definition", "description": "Definition.", "questions": [ { "text": "What is illiteracy, and how does it differ from functional illiteracy, dyslexia, innumeracy and digital illiteracy?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Is someone looking for adult literacy help, in which case local adult education services or libraries can advise?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "contexts", "name": "Contexts", "description": "Named contexts.", "findings": [ { "id": "contexts-finding", "name": "Contexts", "description": "Contexts.", "questions": [ { "text": "What is known about illiteracy in Portugal, Egypt, Somalia, Djibouti and the Arab world, and what is returning illiteracy?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Which entry fits the specific country?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "measurement", "name": "Measurement", "description": "Measurement.", "rationale": "Attribution.", "layers": [ { "id": "unesco", "name": "UNESCO data", "description": "Global figures.", "findings": [ { "id": "unesco-finding", "name": "UNESCO data", "description": "UNESCO data.", "questions": [ { "text": "What do UNESCO figures show about adult illiteracy, checked against current sources?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "text": "Which references are standard?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "methods", "name": "Methods", "description": "Survey methods.", "findings": [ { "id": "methods-finding", "name": "Methods", "description": "Methods.", "questions": [ { "text": "How do self-reported census data differ from direct assessments?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "text": "Which sources are cited?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "causes", "name": "Causes", "description": "Causes and responses.", "rationale": "Attribution.", "layers": [ { "id": "barriers", "name": "Barriers", "description": "Barriers to education.", "findings": [ { "id": "barriers-finding", "name": "Barriers", "description": "Barriers.", "questions": [ { "text": "What factors such as poverty, conflict and gender norms do researchers link to illiteracy, with findings attributed?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Is the presentation neutral and respectful?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "programmes", "name": "Programmes", "description": "Literacy campaigns.", "findings": [ { "id": "programmes-finding", "name": "Programmes", "description": "Programmes.", "questions": [ { "text": "How have literacy campaigns, such as in Cuba in 1961, reduced illiteracy?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits literacy campaign?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "context", "name": "Context", "description": "Goals.", "rationale": "Regulation.", "layers": [ { "id": "sdg", "name": "SDG 4", "description": "Global goals.", "findings": [ { "id": "sdg-finding", "name": "SDG 4", "description": "SDG 4.", "questions": [ { "text": "What does SDG target 4.6 aim for, and what progress is reported?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Is the information current?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "day", "name": "Literacy Day", "description": "International Literacy Day.", "findings": [ { "id": "day-finding", "name": "Literacy Day", "description": "Literacy Day.", "questions": [ { "text": "What is International Literacy Day?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits International Literacy Day?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should country illiteracy aliases be split into separate entries?", "How should UNESCO figures be linked and kept current?", "Should returning illiteracy be a separate entry?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "abstract concept", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a illiteracy, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Let an agent explain illiteracy respectfully, relay definitions, measurement, global patterns, causes and literacy programmes from UNESCO and education sources with figures attributed, describe the named country contexts and returning illiteracy, and distinguish illiteracy from functional illiteracy, dyslexia, innumeracy and digital illiteracy.", "characteristics": { "substance": "abstract", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: illiteracy in Portugal, illiteracy in the Arabic world, illiteracy in Egypt, returning illiteracy, illiteracy in Somalia, illiteracy in Gibuti, illiteracy in Mauritania.", "7 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 46 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a illiteracy, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "an abstraction with no physical instance", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see. What is recognised is an instance of it, and which instances count is exactly what is argued about." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "illiteracy in Portugal", "illiteracy in the Arabic world", "illiteracy in Egypt", "returning illiteracy", "illiteracy in Somalia", "illiteracy in Gibuti", "illiteracy in Mauritania" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 46 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 7 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one illiteracy from another, and a illiteracy from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a illiteracy, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a illiteracy, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a illiteracy is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a illiteracy, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a illiteracy, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a illiteracy is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a illiteracy sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a illiteracy, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a illiteracy, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a illiteracy is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a illiteracy from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a illiteracy, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a illiteracy, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a illiteracy is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a illiteracy passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a illiteracy between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a illiteracy, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a illiteracy, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a illiteracy is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a illiteracy, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a illiteracy is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a illiteracy, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a illiteracy, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a illiteracy is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "definitions-in-contest", "name": "Definitions and who holds them", "description": "What illiteracy is taken to mean, and by whom.", "rationale": "When a field disagrees about a concept, the disagreement is the content. A model that picks one definition silently destroys the information.", "layers": [ { "id": "competing-definitions", "name": "Competing definitions", "description": "The main readings and the traditions behind them.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-map", "name": "Definitions and their holders", "description": "Each definition with the school or body that holds it.", "questions": [ { "id": "definition-map-q01", "text": "Which definitions of illiteracy are in use, and which tradition or body holds each?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "definition-map-q02", "text": "What turns on the difference between them in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "operationalisation", "name": "Operationalisation", "description": "How it is measured or applied when it has to be.", "findings": [ { "id": "operational-record", "name": "Measures and proxies", "description": "Instruments and indicators used to stand in for it.", "questions": [ { "id": "operational-record-q01", "text": "How is illiteracy operationalised or measured in practice, and by what instrument?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "operational-record-q02", "text": "What does that operationalisation leave out, and when does that matter?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "instances-and-use", "name": "Instances, use and consequence", "description": "What counts as an instance of illiteracy and what follows from calling something that.", "rationale": "Applying a concept is an act with consequences, so a model must say what the label licenses and what it does not.", "layers": [ { "id": "instances", "name": "What counts as an instance", "description": "Clear cases, borderline cases and non-cases.", "findings": [ { "id": "instance-tests", "name": "Tests for an instance", "description": "What would settle whether something falls under it.", "questions": [ { "id": "instance-tests-q01", "text": "What would settle whether something is an instance of illiteracy?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "instance-tests-q02", "text": "Which borderline cases are argued about, and on what grounds?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "consequence", "name": "Consequence of application", "description": "Rights, duties or decisions that follow from the label.", "findings": [ { "id": "consequence-record", "name": "What the label licenses", "description": "What an agent may do once something is classified this way.", "questions": [ { "id": "consequence-record-q01", "text": "What follows practically once something is treated as illiteracy?", "kind": "action" }, { "id": "consequence-record-q02", "text": "What must an agent not infer from the label alone?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a illiteracy came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a illiteracy and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a illiteracy, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a illiteracy, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a illiteracy is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a illiteracy is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a illiteracy, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a illiteracy, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a illiteracy is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 10, "findings": 12, "questions": 32 } } } }