{ "model": { "rank": 3498, "code": "thing-q486296", "model_id": "vr.tr.islamophobia", "name": "Islamophobia", "purpose": "Let an agent describe Islamophobia neutrally as a documented form of prejudice and discrimination, relay definitions, data and legal protections from human rights bodies and researchers with attribution, present debates about the term with positions attributed, and route incidents to reporting and support services.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Cross-cutting context", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "XCT", "domain": "XCT.STA", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q486296/", "tier": 2, "score": 85, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "969 Movement", "Islamophobic incidents", "anti-Chechen sentiment", "Islamophobia during the Gaza war", "gendered Islamophobia", "Islamophobia in the media", "counter-jihad", "Islamophobia in the UK Conservative Party" ], "aliasCount": 8, "merged": 8, "knownIn": 85, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q486296", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q486296", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-12T20:21:37Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 3, "engine": "claude" }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q486296", "registryId": "vr.tr.islamophobia", "name": "Islamophobia", "version": "0.2.0-wave.3", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "XCT.STA" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q486296/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.islamophobia", "name": "Islamophobia", "purpose": "Let an agent describe Islamophobia neutrally as a documented form of prejudice and discrimination, relay definitions, data and legal protections from human rights bodies and researchers with attribution, present debates about the term with positions attributed, and route incidents to reporting and support services.", "definition": "Prejudice, hostility, fear or discrimination directed at Muslims or at Islam as such, expressed in attitudes, speech, media portrayal, policy and violence; documented by human rights bodies and researchers, addressed by anti-discrimination law and the United Nations International Day to Combat Islamophobia on 15 March, and a term whose scope and use are themselves debated.", "what_it_is_for": "Not applicable; a social phenomenon.", "affordances": [ "explain definitions and forms with attribution", "relay data from monitoring bodies", "relay legal protections and reporting routes", "present debates about the term neutrally" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Targets Muslims as a group or Islam as a religion", "Ranges from attitudes to violence", "Addressed by anti-discrimination and hate crime law", "Contested definition and terminology" ], "appearance": "Not a visible object; seen in incidents, discourse and statistics.", "visual_identification": [ "Prejudice or discrimination targeting Muslims or Islam", "Documented by monitoring bodies and researchers", "Criticism of religious ideas as such and other forms of bigotry are distinguished in the debate" ], "physical_properties": [], "families_and_kinds": [ "discriminatory attitudes and stereotypes", "hate speech and media portrayal", "hate crimes and attacks on people and mosques", "discriminatory policy and profiling", "gendered Islamophobia affecting Muslim women", "movements and campaigns identified as Islamophobic by monitoring bodies" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "xenophobia", "why": "a form of group prejudice" }, { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "religious discrimination", "why": "discrimination by religion" }, { "relation": "is addressed by", "target": "anti-discrimination law", "why": "legal protection" }, { "relation": "is related to", "target": "hate crime", "why": "its violent expression" } ], "identifiers": [], "standards_and_regulation": [ "ICCPR and regional human rights conventions on non-discrimination", "National anti-discrimination and hate crime law", "UN General Assembly resolution establishing 15 March as the International Day to Combat Islamophobia", "Media and platform standards on hate speech" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Violence against people and places of worship", "Discrimination in employment, housing and policing", "Presenting contested definitions or events as settled", "Conflating criticism of ideas with hostility to people, or the reverse, without attribution" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "define", "name": "Define", "description": "What the term covers.", "rationale": "Attribution.", "layers": [ { "id": "definition", "name": "Definition", "description": "Definitions.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-finding", "name": "Definition", "description": "Definition.", "questions": [ { "text": "How do human rights bodies, researchers and governments define Islamophobia, with attribution?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Is the user reporting an incident or threat, which must be routed to authorities and support services?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "debate", "name": "Debate", "description": "Debates about the term.", "findings": [ { "id": "debate-finding", "name": "Debate", "description": "Debate.", "questions": [ { "text": "What debates exist about the term and its scope, with positions attributed?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Is the presentation neutral and attributed?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "document", "name": "Document", "description": "Data and forms.", "rationale": "Evidence.", "layers": [ { "id": "data", "name": "Data", "description": "Monitoring data.", "findings": [ { "id": "data-finding", "name": "Data", "description": "Data.", "questions": [ { "text": "What do monitoring bodies report about incidents and discrimination, with sources and dates?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "text": "Which sources are cited?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "forms", "name": "Forms", "description": "Forms.", "findings": [ { "id": "forms-finding", "name": "Forms", "description": "Forms.", "questions": [ { "text": "What forms does Islamophobia take, from speech to violence and policy, as documented?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits hate crime?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "respond", "name": "Respond", "description": "Law and support.", "rationale": "Protection.", "layers": [ { "id": "law", "name": "Law", "description": "Legal protections.", "findings": [ { "id": "law-finding", "name": "Law", "description": "Law.", "questions": [ { "text": "What legal protections exist, and how can incidents be reported?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Is the user asking for legal advice on a case, which needs a lawyer?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "support", "name": "Support", "description": "Support and prevention.", "findings": [ { "id": "support-finding", "name": "Support", "description": "Support.", "questions": [ { "text": "What support services and prevention initiatives exist?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits anti-discrimination services?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "study", "name": "Study", "description": "Research and history.", "rationale": "Study.", "layers": [ { "id": "research", "name": "Research", "description": "Research.", "findings": [ { "id": "research-finding", "name": "Research", "description": "Research.", "questions": [ { "text": "How do researchers study causes, media effects and impacts, with findings attributed?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which references are standard?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "history", "name": "History", "description": "History.", "findings": [ { "id": "history-finding", "name": "History", "description": "History.", "questions": [ { "text": "How has the term and the phenomenon developed historically?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits religious discrimination generally?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should gendered Islamophobia be a separate entry?", "How should monitoring data be linked by country?", "The registry entry has merged aliases naming specific movements and conflicts; they should be reviewed and probably split off" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "abstract concept", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a Islamophobia, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Let an agent describe Islamophobia neutrally as a documented form of prejudice and discrimination, relay definitions, data and legal protections from human rights bodies and researchers with attribution, present debates about the term with positions attributed, and route incidents to reporting and support services.", "characteristics": { "substance": "abstract", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: 969 Movement, Islamophobic incidents, anti-Chechen sentiment, Islamophobia during the Gaza war, gendered Islamophobia, Islamophobia in the media, counter-jihad, Islamophobia in the UK Conservative Party.", "8 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 85 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a Islamophobia, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "an abstraction with no physical instance", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see. What is recognised is an instance of it, and which instances count is exactly what is argued about." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "969 Movement", "Islamophobic incidents", "anti-Chechen sentiment", "Islamophobia during the Gaza war", "gendered Islamophobia", "Islamophobia in the media", "counter-jihad", "Islamophobia in the UK Conservative Party" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 85 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 8 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one Islamophobia from another, and a Islamophobia from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a Islamophobia, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a Islamophobia, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a Islamophobia is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a Islamophobia, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a Islamophobia, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a Islamophobia is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a Islamophobia sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a Islamophobia, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a Islamophobia, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a Islamophobia is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a Islamophobia from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a Islamophobia, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a Islamophobia, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a Islamophobia is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a Islamophobia passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a Islamophobia between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a Islamophobia, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a Islamophobia, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a Islamophobia is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a Islamophobia, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a Islamophobia is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a Islamophobia, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a Islamophobia, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a Islamophobia is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "definitions-in-contest", "name": "Definitions and who holds them", "description": "What Islamophobia is taken to mean, and by whom.", "rationale": "When a field disagrees about a concept, the disagreement is the content. A model that picks one definition silently destroys the information.", "layers": [ { "id": "competing-definitions", "name": "Competing definitions", "description": "The main readings and the traditions behind them.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-map", "name": "Definitions and their holders", "description": "Each definition with the school or body that holds it.", "questions": [ { "id": "definition-map-q01", "text": "Which definitions of Islamophobia are in use, and which tradition or body holds each?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "definition-map-q02", "text": "What turns on the difference between them in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "operationalisation", "name": "Operationalisation", "description": "How it is measured or applied when it has to be.", "findings": [ { "id": "operational-record", "name": "Measures and proxies", "description": "Instruments and indicators used to stand in for it.", "questions": [ { "id": "operational-record-q01", "text": "How is Islamophobia operationalised or measured in practice, and by what instrument?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "operational-record-q02", "text": "What does that operationalisation leave out, and when does that matter?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "instances-and-use", "name": "Instances, use and consequence", "description": "What counts as an instance of Islamophobia and what follows from calling something that.", "rationale": "Applying a concept is an act with consequences, so a model must say what the label licenses and what it does not.", "layers": [ { "id": "instances", "name": "What counts as an instance", "description": "Clear cases, borderline cases and non-cases.", "findings": [ { "id": "instance-tests", "name": "Tests for an instance", "description": "What would settle whether something falls under it.", "questions": [ { "id": "instance-tests-q01", "text": "What would settle whether something is an instance of Islamophobia?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "instance-tests-q02", "text": "Which borderline cases are argued about, and on what grounds?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "consequence", "name": "Consequence of application", "description": "Rights, duties or decisions that follow from the label.", "findings": [ { "id": "consequence-record", "name": "What the label licenses", "description": "What an agent may do once something is classified this way.", "questions": [ { "id": "consequence-record-q01", "text": "What follows practically once something is treated as Islamophobia?", "kind": "action" }, { "id": "consequence-record-q02", "text": "What must an agent not infer from the label alone?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a Islamophobia came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a Islamophobia and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a Islamophobia, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a Islamophobia, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a Islamophobia is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a Islamophobia is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a Islamophobia, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a Islamophobia, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a Islamophobia is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 10, "findings": 12, "questions": 32 } } } }