{ "model": { "rank": 6485, "code": "thing-q495307", "model_id": "vr.tr.moon-landing", "name": "Moon landing", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a Moon landing attempt, assess its progress and outcome, and determine which landing-related actions are supported by evidence and authority.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Activities and processes", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "ACT", "domain": "ACT.ACT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q495307/", "tier": 2, "score": 60, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [], "aliasCount": 0, "merged": 0, "knownIn": 60, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q495307", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q495307", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-07T14:51:49Z", "providers": [ "Codex", "Grok" ], "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "usd": 0.0153459, "turns": 1, "seconds": 211.9, "error": null }, "codex": { "seconds": 75.1, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.3\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a07c57-385d-71e1-923f-099dbb9e16a8\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: Moon landing\nRegistry id: vr.tr.moon-landing\nPlane / domain: ACT / ACT.ACT\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q495307", "registryId": "vr.tr.moon-landing", "name": "Moon landing", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "ACT.ACT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q495307/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.moon-landing", "name": "Moon landing", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a Moon landing attempt, assess its progress and outcome, and determine which landing-related actions are supported by evidence and authority.", "definition": "A Moon landing is a spacecraft event in which a vehicle, crewed or robotic, makes contact with the solid surface of Earth's Moon, treated in mission design, space law, and historiography as a distinct mission outcome from lunar flyby, orbit, or Earth return, and split in practice into soft landings that leave an intact surface element and hard landings or impacts that do not.", "scope_statement": "This model owns an attempt to bring a spacecraft, with or without crew, into controlled contact with the Moon and establish a surface condition suitable for its declared landing objectives, including unsuccessful attempts and uncertain outcomes.", "in_scope": [ "Identity, objectives and boundaries of a particular lunar landing attempt", "Intended landing region, touchdown constraints and local surface conditions", "Descent progression, navigation confidence and remaining control capability", "Surface contact, settling, stability and immediate landing outcome", "Landing-specific decisions, contingencies and evidence supporting state assessments" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Launch and Earth departure, owned by launch and transfer activity models", "General spacecraft design, manufacturing and maintenance", "Lunar orbital operations outside their role as landing prerequisites", "Extended surface exploration, experiments and settlement operations", "Ascent, rendezvous and return to Earth after the landing", "Deliberate lunar impact missions whose objective excludes controlled landing" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "The intended destination is the Moon's physical surface; a lunar flyby or orbit insertion does not qualify.", "The attempt seeks controlled surface arrival against declared contact conditions; an intentional impact without a landing objective belongs elsewhere.", "A failed descent remains a Moon landing attempt, but surface collision alone does not establish a successful landing.", "Touchdown and post-contact stability are assessed separately; reaching the surface does not by itself establish an operational landing.", "The record represents a landing occurrence or attempt, rather than the spacecraft, landing site or entire lunar mission." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Landing configuration", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Crewed or uncrewed; participating vehicle and landing configuration identified", "why_it_matters": "Determines which survival, control and immediate surface conditions must be assessed." }, { "name": "Attempt phase", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Planned, awaiting descent, descending, contact suspected, settling, surface state established, aborted, failed or unresolved", "why_it_matters": "Separates intended activity from observed progress and constrains available actions." }, { "name": "Landing region and reference frame", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Target region and estimated touchdown location linked to a named lunar coordinate frame and uncertainty region", "why_it_matters": "Makes site compliance, terrain assessment and location claims interpretable." }, { "name": "Surface-relative motion", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Height above local terrain in m; vertical and horizontal velocity in m/s; timestamp and uncertainty", "why_it_matters": "Supports assessment of descent progress and compatibility with declared touchdown limits." }, { "name": "Touchdown attitude and support", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Orientation and local slope in degrees; estimated supporting contacts and uncertainty", "why_it_matters": "Helps distinguish initial contact from a stable, usable surface condition." }, { "name": "Remaining landing control margin", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Available versus required propellant in kg, control time in s, or another explicitly defined mission margin", "why_it_matters": "Indicates whether continuation, site diversion or a declared contingency remains feasible." }, { "name": "Landing outcome", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Pending, criteria met, partially met, criteria not met or indeterminate; evaluated against named criteria", "why_it_matters": "Prevents a generic success label from hiding differences between contact, survival, stability and usability." }, { "name": "Decision authority", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Responsible crew, ground operator or onboard controller linked to permitted landing decisions", "why_it_matters": "Separates an agent's assessment or recommendation from authority to command the vehicle." } ], "affordances": [ "Identify a lunar landing attempt and distinguish it from orbiting, deliberate impact and later surface activity.", "Compare the estimated descent state and touchdown conditions with mission-specific landing criteria.", "Track whether the intended landing region remains reachable within declared terrain and control constraints.", "Recommend continuation, holding where supported, diversion or abort assessment within documented vehicle capabilities.", "Reconcile contact indications, telemetry and surface observations into an evidence-qualified outcome.", "Determine whether landing closure and handover to surface operations are justified." ] }, "sources": [ { "id": "ost-1967", "title": "Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies", "url": "https://www.unoosa.org/oosa/en/ourwork/spacelaw/treaties/introouterspacetreaty.html", "what_it_supports": "Legal status of lunar surface activity: non-appropriation, state responsibility, and harmful-contamination duties that apply to landings.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "moon-agreement-1979", "title": "Agreement Governing the Activities of States on the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies", "url": "https://www.unoosa.org/oosa/en/ourwork/spacelaw/treaties/intromoon-agreement.html", "what_it_supports": "The stricter UN lunar regime (heritage, resources, de-militarisation) and the fact that most states that have actually landed are not parties.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "apollo-11-mission-report", "title": "Apollo 11 Mission Report (MSC-00171)", "url": "", "what_it_supports": "Engineering definition of a crewed soft landing: touchdown dynamics, landed mass, site coordinates, and post-landing vehicle state." }, { "id": "siddiqi-challenge-to-apollo", "title": "Challenge to Apollo: The Soviet Union and the Space Race, 1945-1974 (NASA SP-2000-4408)", "url": "", "what_it_supports": "First impact (Luna 2), first soft landing (Luna 9), and first robotic sample return as historically distinguished kinds, against the popular reduction of 'Moon landing' to Apollo 11." }, { "id": "cospar-pp", "title": "COSPAR Policy on Planetary Protection", "url": "", "what_it_supports": "Planetary-protection category for the Moon (generally Category II) and documentation expected of landing missions." }, { "id": "wikidata-q5916", "title": "Wikidata item Q5916, Moon landing", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5916", "what_it_supports": "Catalogue identifier for the event class, as distinct from individual missions.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "iau-gazetteer", "title": "Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature", "url": "https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/", "what_it_supports": "IAU/USGS naming of lunar surface features used as landing-site identifiers.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "artemis-accords", "title": "The Artemis Accords", "url": "https://www.nasa.gov/artemis-accords/", "what_it_supports": "Current non-treaty practice among many landing and would-be-landing states: heritage sites, deconfliction, and utilisation norms.", "url_status": "live" } ], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "landing-intent-and-boundaries", "name": "Landing intent and boundaries", "description": "Establishes which lunar arrival attempt is being assessed and what counts as completing it.", "rationale": "An agent must distinguish the landing attempt from the wider mission and evaluate it against explicit landing objectives.", "layers": [ { "id": "attempt-identity", "name": "Attempt identity", "description": "Identifies the vehicle, lunar destination and intended mode of surface arrival.", "findings": [ { "id": "controlled-lunar-arrival", "name": "Controlled lunar arrival", "description": "Record the evidence that this activity intends a controlled landing on the Moon, including whether the intention was later abandoned.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which vehicle and declared objective establish this as a lunar landing attempt?", "kind": "definition", "id": "controlled-lunar-arrival-q01" }, { "text": "What distinguishes this attempt from a deliberate impact, orbital manoeuvre or separate repeat attempt?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "controlled-lunar-arrival-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "completion-contract", "name": "Completion contract", "description": "Defines the landing interval and criteria used to judge its outcome.", "findings": [ { "id": "landing-completion-criteria", "name": "Landing completion criteria", "description": "Record separate requirements for surface arrival, vehicle survival, stable support and readiness for the next activity.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which declared conditions distinguish successful touchdown, successful landing and readiness for surface operations?", "kind": "definition", "id": "landing-completion-criteria-q01" }, { "text": "At what event does this landing attempt begin, and when does responsibility pass to a surface-operation model?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "landing-completion-criteria-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "lunar-site-and-contact-envelope", "name": "Lunar site and contact envelope", "description": "Captures where the vehicle may land and which local conditions permit acceptable contact.", "rationale": "A lunar landing must be judged against reachable surface terrain and vehicle-specific touchdown tolerances.", "layers": [ { "id": "target-and-terrain", "name": "Target and terrain", "description": "Relates the intended landing region to terrain knowledge and location uncertainty.", "findings": [ { "id": "acceptable-touchdown-region", "name": "Acceptable touchdown region", "description": "Record target boundaries, excluded terrain, location estimates and the observations supporting them.", "questions": [ { "text": "What target and exclusion regions apply, and in which lunar reference frame are they expressed?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "acceptable-touchdown-region-q01" }, { "text": "What terrain observations support estimates of slope, obstacles and surface support, and what remains unresolved?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "acceptable-touchdown-region-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "contact-constraints", "name": "Contact constraints", "description": "Defines the permitted combination of motion, orientation and surface conditions at arrival.", "findings": [ { "id": "touchdown-envelope", "name": "Touchdown envelope", "description": "Record mission-specific contact limits and how estimated touchdown conditions compare with them.", "questions": [ { "text": "What limits apply to vertical speed, lateral speed, attitude, local slope and supporting surface conditions?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "touchdown-envelope-q01" }, { "text": "How do lighting, terrain visibility and descent-induced dust affect confidence in selecting an acceptable contact point?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "touchdown-envelope-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "descent-and-control-feasibility", "name": "Descent and control feasibility", "description": "Tracks progress toward the lunar surface and whether the vehicle retains the ability to achieve its landing conditions.", "rationale": "An agent needs the relationship between estimated motion, navigation uncertainty and remaining control capability to assess continuation.", "layers": [ { "id": "surface-relative-descent", "name": "Surface-relative descent", "description": "Captures the estimated trajectory relative to local lunar terrain.", "findings": [ { "id": "descent-state-confidence", "name": "Descent state confidence", "description": "Record terrain-relative height, velocity, predicted contact location and the confidence attached to each estimate.", "questions": [ { "text": "What are the latest terrain-relative height, vertical and lateral velocity, predicted contact location and associated uncertainties?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "descent-state-confidence-q01" }, { "text": "Which measurements support these estimates, and are their timestamps and reference frames consistent?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "descent-state-confidence-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "reachable-landing-options", "name": "Reachable landing options", "description": "Relates remaining control capability to the target and any supported alternatives.", "findings": [ { "id": "landing-control-margin", "name": "Landing control margin", "description": "Record whether propulsion, attitude control, energy and navigation capabilities support the remaining descent or a documented alternative.", "questions": [ { "text": "What remaining control margins support reaching an acceptable surface region within the touchdown envelope?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "landing-control-margin-q01" }, { "text": "Which site changes or descent adjustments remain feasible under the current vehicle state and documented operating rules?", "kind": "action", "id": "landing-control-margin-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "contact-and-surface-establishment", "name": "Contact and surface establishment", "description": "Distinguishes indications of touchdown from a settled surface condition and immediate vehicle usability.", "rationale": "Surface contact can precede bouncing, sliding, tipping or loss of function, so landing outcome requires more than a contact signal.", "layers": [ { "id": "contact-sequence", "name": "Contact sequence", "description": "Tracks initial contact and subsequent motion until the surface state is established or remains unresolved.", "findings": [ { "id": "touchdown-and-settling", "name": "Touchdown and settling", "description": "Record contact indications, their timing and evidence of continued motion or stable support.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which observations establish initial lunar surface contact, and how precisely is its time known?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "touchdown-and-settling-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence distinguishes a settled vehicle from bouncing, sliding, tipping or an unresolved contact state?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "touchdown-and-settling-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "immediate-surface-condition", "name": "Immediate surface condition", "description": "Assesses the vehicle and any crew against conditions required to close the landing activity.", "findings": [ { "id": "landing-survival-and-usability", "name": "Landing survival and usability", "description": "Record structural condition, orientation, essential services and crew condition where applicable without assuming they share one outcome.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which landing completion criteria are met, failed or still unverified after settling?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "landing-survival-and-usability-q01" }, { "text": "Which immediate stabilisation or safing actions are required before handover to surface operations?", "kind": "action", "id": "landing-survival-and-usability-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "landing-decisions-and-evidence", "name": "Landing decisions and evidence", "description": "Connects landing assessments to authorised decisions and traceable outcome claims.", "rationale": "An agent must know both whether a landing action is supported and whether the evidence justifies the reported outcome.", "layers": [ { "id": "contingency-authority", "name": "Contingency authority", "description": "Defines who may act during descent and which contingencies exist for this vehicle and phase.", "findings": [ { "id": "authorised-landing-response", "name": "Authorised landing response", "description": "Record decision authority, triggering conditions and supported responses without assuming every vehicle can abort or pause descent.", "questions": [ { "text": "Who or what may command continuation, diversion, abort or safing during each landing phase?", "kind": "action", "id": "authorised-landing-response-q01" }, { "text": "Which documented triggers require a response, and how do communication delay or loss affect execution authority?", "kind": "action", "id": "authorised-landing-response-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "outcome-evidence", "name": "Outcome evidence", "description": "Maintains the basis for phase and outcome assessments, including contradictory or missing observations.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-qualified-landing-outcome", "name": "Evidence-qualified landing outcome", "description": "Record the evidence supporting each outcome criterion and preserve uncertainty when contact, survival or location cannot be confirmed.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which telemetry, imagery or other observations support each reported landing outcome criterion?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "evidence-qualified-landing-outcome-q01" }, { "text": "What additional evidence would resolve conflicting reports or distinguish communication loss from physical landing failure?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "evidence-qualified-landing-outcome-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Crewed lunar landing (Apollo-class: crew on the surface after a surviving descent stage)", "Robotic soft landing (functional lander remains on the surface)", "Intentional hard landing or kinetic impact (surface contact is the end state; no surviving lander)", "Sample-return landing (surface element plus ascent vehicle)", "Commercial or CLPS-class payload landing", "Far-side landing (requires a relay; operationally distinct from near-side)", "Polar or permanently shadowed-region landing (lighting, thermal, and volatile environment unlike mid-latitude sites)", "Failed landing attempt (intended soft landing that became a crash)" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of Moon landing this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "Wikidata", "value_or_pattern": "Q5916", "note": "Item for the event class 'Moon landing', not a single mission." }, { "scheme": "COSPAR international designator", "value_or_pattern": "YYYY-NNN[A-Z]", "note": "Identifies the landing spacecraft as a registered space object; the landing itself has no separate COSPAR code." }, { "scheme": "NSSDCA/COSPAR ID", "value_or_pattern": "YYYY-NNNA", "note": "NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive catalog number for the spacecraft, typically aligned with COSPAR." }, { "scheme": "LCSH", "value_or_pattern": "Lunar landing sites; Space flight to the moon", "note": "Library of Congress subject headings used in bibliographic control; there is no single LCSH for the event class alone." }, { "scheme": "IAU planetary nomenclature", "value_or_pattern": "named feature on the Moon (USGS Gazetteer)", "note": "Landing locales are often recorded via approved crater, mare, or commemorative names rather than a dedicated landing-event code." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of Moon landing this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Outer Space Treaty (1967), United Nations / UNOOSA - peaceful use, non-appropriation, state responsibility and supervision, harmful contamination (Art. IX).", "Agreement Governing the Activities of States on the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies (Moon Agreement, 1979), United Nations - stricter resource and heritage rules; not ratified by the United States, Russia, or China.", "Convention on International Liability for Damage Caused by Space Objects (1972), United Nations - liability for damage caused by a landing object.", "Convention on Registration of Objects Launched into Outer Space (1975), United Nations - registration of the spacecraft that lands.", "COSPAR Policy on Planetary Protection, COSPAR - lunar landers generally Category II (documentation of organic inventory; Moon is not a 'special region' in the Mars sense).", "Artemis Accords (2020-), NASA and partner states - non-binding framework on heritage sites, deconfliction, and space-resource utilisation used by several current landing programmes.", "ITU Radio Regulations, International Telecommunication Union - frequency coordination for Earth-Moon and relay links used by landers.", "NASA NPR 8715.24 (Planetary Protection Provisions for Robotic Extraterrestrial Missions), NASA - binding on NASA (and many NASA-funded) lunar landers." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of Moon landing this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Crewed surface operations: Apollo 11-12 and 14-17 (1969-1972) landed crews for EVA, geology, and emplacement of ALSEP instruments and laser retroreflectors.", "First-of-kind robotic milestones still used as the historical baseline: Luna 2 impact (1959), Luna 9 soft landing (1966), Luna 16 sample return (1970).", "Scientific station and rover delivery: Surveyor; Lunokhod; Chang'e 3/4/5/6; Chandrayaan-3 near the south pole (2023).", "Far-side operations: Chang'e 4 with the Queqiao relay, the only class that cannot use direct Earth line-of-sight.", "Commercial delivery under NASA CLPS and similar contracts (e.g. Intuitive Machines Odysseus/IM-1, Firefly Blue Ghost), often as technology demonstration plus hosted payloads.", "Site reconnaissance and ISRU precursor work for Artemis human landing system and for the China-Russia International Lunar Research Station concept.", "Ongoing lunar laser ranging to Apollo and Lunokhod retroreflectors, which still depends on those landed objects remaining in place." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of Moon landing this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Vertical touchdown speed (soft landing)", "typical_range": "0.5-3", "unit": "m/s" }, { "quantity": "Impact speed (hard landing / kinetic impactor)", "typical_range": "2.5-3.5", "unit": "km/s" }, { "quantity": "Landed mass (historical through present robotic and Apollo LM class)", "typical_range": "100-8000", "unit": "kg" }, { "quantity": "Powered-descent Δv from low lunar orbit", "typical_range": "1600-2500", "unit": "m/s" }, { "quantity": "Landing-location error (3σ, ellipse semi-axis)", "typical_range": "0.01-50", "unit": "km" }, { "quantity": "Post-landing tilt from local vertical", "typical_range": "0-15 (survival often specified to ~30)", "unit": "degree" }, { "quantity": "Equatorial lunar night (power/thermal survival window)", "typical_range": "~14.8", "unit": "Earth day" }, { "quantity": "Crewed surface stay (Apollo)", "typical_range": "22-75", "unit": "h" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of Moon landing this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Descent-engine underthrust or premature cutoff while residual vertical or horizontal velocity is still unsurvivable (Vikram/Chandrayaan-2, several Luna and commercial attempts).", "Tip-over after contact from slope, residual lateral speed, or landing-gear/leg failure (Odysseus/IM-1; SLIM inverted attitude).", "Collision with boulders, crater rims, or scarps inside the landing ellipse - the dominant terrain hazard on an airless, unprepared surface.", "GNC, IMU, or altimetry error, including software that flies a correct trajectory in the wrong attitude.", "Communications loss, especially on the far side without a dedicated relay, or after a lander comes to rest with antennas buried or pointed into the soil.", "Thermal and electrical death during the ~14-day equatorial night for landers not designed to hibernate.", "Plume-surface interaction: lofted regolith scouring optics and radiators, excavating a blast crater, and (for later missions) damaging nearby hardware or heritage sites.", "Crewed-unique: failed abort-to-orbit, cabin leak after touchdown, or ascent-engine failure that strands crew on the surface; lunar dust abrasion and seal contamination during subsequent EVA." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of Moon landing this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Popular English often treats 'the Moon landing' as a singular event (Apollo 11, 20 July 1969); specialists count many landings and split first impact / first soft / first crewed / first far-side / first polar.", "Technical English prefers 'lunar landing'; French commonly uses 'alunissage' (sometimes disputed as a false analogy to 'atterrissage'); German 'Mondlandung'; Russian emphasises мягкая посадка (soft landing) as the success criterion (Luna-9); Chinese uses 月面着陆 / 软着陆 under the Chang'e (嫦娥) programme.", "Historiography diverges: Soviet/Russian accounts lead with Luna 2 and Luna 9; US public memory leads with Apollo 11; Chinese official narrative treats Chang'e 4 (first far side) and Chang'e 5/6 (samples, including far-side sample return) as separate firsts.", "Legal practice splits: Artemis Accords partners versus Moon Agreement parties versus non-aligned programmes (notably China-Russia ILRS planning); this changes how heritage exclusion zones and resource extraction around a landing are described, not the physics of touchdown.", "India's 2023 Chandrayaan-3 success pushed 'soft landing' into general-language use there as the term of art for a completed lunar surface mission." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of Moon landing this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Lunar orbit (orbital insertion without surface contact)", "difference": "Periapsis remains above the surface; no touchdown velocity, landing legs, or surface-bearing load. Apollo 8 orbited; it did not land." }, { "name": "Lunar flyby or circumlunar coast", "difference": "The trajectory encounters the Moon without capture or surface contact (e.g. Luna 1, Zond free-return profiles)." }, { "name": "Lunar impact when catalogued separately from landing", "difference": "Success is kinetic-energy delivery, not a surviving surface element; touchdown speed is kilometres per second. Some histories still call Luna 2 the first 'landing' - the test is whether mission success required a functional landed vehicle." }, { "name": "Earth landing or splashdown of a returning lunar spacecraft", "difference": "Surface contact is with Earth (or ocean), after trans-Earth injection; the lunar surface was never the landing body (Apollo CM, Chang'e return capsules)." }, { "name": "Lunar-orbit docking or undocking", "difference": "Vehicle-to-vehicle contact in free space (CSM/LM), not vehicle-to-regolith." }, { "name": "Moonwalk / lunar EVA", "difference": "Crew activity that can occur only after a crewed landing; it is not the landing event." }, { "name": "Planetary (e.g. Mars) landing", "difference": "Different body; Mars uses an atmosphere (heat shield, parachute, often skycrane). The Moon is airless, so descent is fully propulsive from orbit or impact." }, { "name": "'Moonshot' as metaphor", "difference": "A programme-ambition figure of speech; no spacecraft and no selenographic coordinates." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of Moon landing this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Does the registry intend Moon landing to cover all controlled lunar landing attempts, including robotic and failed attempts, or a narrower concept?", "Where should the model place the start of an attempt when descent initiation, deorbit and landing commitment occur at different points?", "Should repeated lunar hops be separate landing attempts linked to one mission, and what event establishes that separation?", "Which authoritative mission documents should define touchdown tolerances, contingency capabilities and completion criteria for each landing configuration?", "How should historical landings with sparse or conflicting evidence be assigned confidence without imposing modern telemetry requirements?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 18, "questions": 28 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "abstract concept", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a Moon landing, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a Moon landing attempt, assess its progress and outcome, and determine which landing-related actions are supported by evidence and authority.", "characteristics": { "substance": "activity", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Described in 60 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a Moon landing, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "something that happens over time", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see. What is recognised is an instance of it, and which instances count is exactly what is argued about." ], "relatedModels": [], "standing": "Described in 60 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one Moon landing from another, and a Moon landing from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a Moon landing, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a Moon landing, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a Moon landing is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a Moon landing, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a Moon landing, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a Moon landing is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a Moon landing sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a Moon landing, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a Moon landing, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a Moon landing is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a Moon landing from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a Moon landing, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a Moon landing, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a Moon landing is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a Moon landing passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a Moon landing between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a Moon landing, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a Moon landing, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a Moon landing is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a Moon landing, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a Moon landing is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a Moon landing, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a Moon landing, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a Moon landing is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "process-and-outcome", "name": "Process, inputs and outcome", "description": "How a Moon landing proceeds, what it needs and what it leaves behind.", "rationale": "An activity is known by its steps and its results, and both have to be recordable while it is still running.", "layers": [ { "id": "steps-and-sequence", "name": "Steps and sequence", "description": "The steps of a Moon landing, their order and what may run in parallel.", "findings": [ { "id": "steps-and-preconditions", "name": "Steps, preconditions and completion", "description": "What has to be true before each step of a Moon landing and what marks it done.", "questions": [ { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a step of a Moon landing, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a step of a Moon landing, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a step of a Moon landing is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-results", "name": "Inputs, resources and results", "description": "What a Moon landing consumes and what it produces.", "findings": [ { "id": "inputs-and-outputs", "name": "Inputs, outputs and side effects", "description": "The resources a Moon landing takes and the results it leaves, wanted or not.", "questions": [ { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the inputs and results of a Moon landing, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the inputs and results of a Moon landing, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the inputs and results of a Moon landing is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "definitions-in-contest", "name": "Definitions and who holds them", "description": "What Moon landing is taken to mean, and by whom.", "rationale": "When a field disagrees about a concept, the disagreement is the content. A model that picks one definition silently destroys the information.", "layers": [ { "id": "competing-definitions", "name": "Competing definitions", "description": "The main readings and the traditions behind them.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-map", "name": "Definitions and their holders", "description": "Each definition with the school or body that holds it.", "questions": [ { "id": "definition-map-q01", "text": "Which definitions of Moon landing are in use, and which tradition or body holds each?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "definition-map-q02", "text": "What turns on the difference between them in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "operationalisation", "name": "Operationalisation", "description": "How it is measured or applied when it has to be.", "findings": [ { "id": "operational-record", "name": "Measures and proxies", "description": "Instruments and indicators used to stand in for it.", "questions": [ { "id": "operational-record-q01", "text": "How is Moon landing operationalised or measured in practice, and by what instrument?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "operational-record-q02", "text": "What does that operationalisation leave out, and when does that matter?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "instances-and-use", "name": "Instances, use and consequence", "description": "What counts as an instance of Moon landing and what follows from calling something that.", "rationale": "Applying a concept is an act with consequences, so a model must say what the label licenses and what it does not.", "layers": [ { "id": "instances", "name": "What counts as an instance", "description": "Clear cases, borderline cases and non-cases.", "findings": [ { "id": "instance-tests", "name": "Tests for an instance", "description": "What would settle whether something falls under it.", "questions": [ { "id": "instance-tests-q01", "text": "What would settle whether something is an instance of Moon landing?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "instance-tests-q02", "text": "Which borderline cases are argued about, and on what grounds?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "consequence", "name": "Consequence of application", "description": "Rights, duties or decisions that follow from the label.", "findings": [ { "id": "consequence-record", "name": "What the label licenses", "description": "What an agent may do once something is classified this way.", "questions": [ { "id": "consequence-record-q01", "text": "What follows practically once something is treated as Moon landing?", "kind": "action" }, { "id": "consequence-record-q02", "text": "What must an agent not infer from the label alone?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a Moon landing came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a Moon landing and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a Moon landing, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a Moon landing, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a Moon landing is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a Moon landing is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a Moon landing, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a Moon landing, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a Moon landing is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 12, "findings": 14, "questions": 38 } } } }