{
    "model": {
        "rank": 4574,
        "code": "thing-q49540",
        "model_id": "vr.tr.latvians",
        "name": "Latvians",
        "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise references to Latvians as a collective identity, distinguish ethnicity from citizenship and residence, and use contextual evidence without assigning identity to individuals by inference.",
        "family": "Thing Registry",
        "category": "Society, people and institutions",
        "status": "research-draft",
        "kind": "thing",
        "plane": "SOC",
        "domain": "SOC.PER",
        "industry": "",
        "version": "",
        "url": "/models/thing/q49540/",
        "tier": 2,
        "score": 74,
        "payload": {
            "layer": "wikidata",
            "aliases": [
                "Latvians in Russia",
                "Latvians in Argentina"
            ],
            "aliasCount": 2,
            "merged": 2,
            "knownIn": 74,
            "facets": null,
            "markers": [],
            "lexicalClass": "",
            "senseRank": null,
            "alsoRegisteredAs": null,
            "source": {
                "dataset": "wikidata",
                "item": "Q49540",
                "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49540",
                "license": "CC0 1.0"
            }
        },
        "research": {
            "vercy": "1.0-draft",
            "publication": {
                "status": "research-draft",
                "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed",
                "publishableCanonical": false,
                "generatedAt": "2026-09-09T20:32:08Z",
                "providers": [
                    "Codex"
                ],
                "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read",
                "missingProviders": [],
                "pass": 2,
                "cost": {
                    "grok": {
                        "seconds": 16.2,
                        "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a087de-0f0b-7c53-b6ff-24f86dd3406c\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: Latvians\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: SOC.PER\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 1001 things:\n# Batch 005: 1001 regist",
                        "usd": 0,
                        "recall": true
                    },
                    "codex": {
                        "seconds": 56.4,
                        "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a087de-0f02-7213-8c31-a233cbab2203\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: Latvians\nRegistry id: vr.tr.latvians\nPlane / domain: SOC / SOC.PER\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\n\nContex"
                    }
                }
            },
            "metaModel": {
                "id": "THING-Q49540",
                "registryId": "vr.tr.latvians",
                "name": "Latvians",
                "version": "0.1.0-research.1",
                "entryKind": "thing",
                "family": "Thing Registry",
                "domain": [
                    "SOC.PER"
                ],
                "status": "research-draft"
            },
            "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q49540/",
            "model": {
                "registry_id": "vr.tr.latvians",
                "name": "Latvians",
                "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise references to Latvians as a collective identity, distinguish ethnicity from citizenship and residence, and use contextual evidence without assigning identity to individuals by inference.",
                "definition": "Latvians are a Baltic ethnic group historically associated with Latvia and the Latvian language, although the term can also refer to Latvia's citizens irrespective of ethnicity.",
                "scope_statement": "This model owns vr.tr.latvians as a collective ethnocultural identity associated with Latvia, provisionally selecting the ethnic sense of 'Latvians' while preserving ambiguity when a source uses the term for Latvia's citizens or residents.",
                "in_scope": [
                    "Self-identification as Latvian, including multiple and changing identities",
                    "Source-specific meanings of Latvians and their inclusion criteria",
                    "Relationships to Latvian language, cultural participation and intergenerational transmission",
                    "Latvian communities in Latvia and diaspora settings",
                    "Population descriptions with explicit dates, territories and identity definitions"
                ],
                "out_of_scope": [
                    "Latvia as a state, territory or government",
                    "Latvian citizenship, passports and immigration status as legal systems",
                    "Latvian language grammar and linguistic classification",
                    "Individual biographies and personal identity records",
                    "Organisations claiming to represent Latvians as independently governed entities",
                    "Occupations, qualifications and employment roles"
                ],
                "distinguishing_features": [
                    "A reference belongs to the selected ethnic sense only when its context supports ethnocultural identity; the English label 'Latvians' alone does not settle the sense.",
                    "Latvian citizenship and residence in Latvia are separate relations and do not independently establish ethnic Latvian identity.",
                    "Speaking Latvian can describe language competence without establishing Latvian identity; lack of competence does not independently disprove that identity.",
                    "Ancestry, surname, birthplace and appearance cannot substitute for a person's stated identity.",
                    "A diaspora context does not automatically remove someone from scope, and mixed identification does not require exclusive assignment to one group."
                ],
                "characteristics": [
                    {
                        "name": "Meaning of Latvians in the source",
                        "kind": "category",
                        "unit_or_values": "ethnocultural identity | citizenship | residence | mixed usage | unresolved",
                        "why_it_matters": "Prevents claims about Latvia's citizens or residents from being presented as claims about ethnic Latvians."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Basis of identity attribution",
                        "kind": "category",
                        "unit_or_values": "self-identification | reported family identity | administrative classification | external attribution | unspecified",
                        "why_it_matters": "Makes the authority and limits of an identity claim visible."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Identity expression",
                        "kind": "state",
                        "unit_or_values": "sole identification | multiple identification | context-dependent | not stated; dated where known",
                        "why_it_matters": "Avoids treating Latvian identity as necessarily exclusive or permanently fixed."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Relationship to Latvia",
                        "kind": "relation",
                        "unit_or_values": "residence, former residence, citizenship, family origin or cultural connection; independently evidenced",
                        "why_it_matters": "Separates distinct connections that are often collapsed into the word Latvian."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Relationship to Latvian language",
                        "kind": "relation",
                        "unit_or_values": "self-reported acquisition, competence, use, learning or transmission, with context and date",
                        "why_it_matters": "Supports descriptions of language participation without making language a compulsory identity test."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Community setting",
                        "kind": "category",
                        "unit_or_values": "Latvia-based | diaspora | transnational | other source-described setting | unspecified",
                        "why_it_matters": "Locates collective practices without presuming that all Latvians live within Latvia."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Reported population",
                        "kind": "measurement",
                        "unit_or_values": "persons or percentage, with date, territory, denominator, inclusion rule and source",
                        "why_it_matters": "Makes demographic claims interpretable and exposes incompatible counting methods."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Evidence of collective representation",
                        "kind": "relation",
                        "unit_or_values": "named speaker or organisation linked to a stated constituency, mandate, issue and period",
                        "why_it_matters": "Prevents one institution's position from being attributed to all Latvians."
                    }
                ],
                "affordances": [
                    "Disambiguate whether a source means ethnic Latvians, Latvian citizens or residents of Latvia.",
                    "Describe Latvian communities using their documented names, settings and identification practices.",
                    "Compare population estimates only after checking identity criteria, geographical coverage and dates.",
                    "Trace documented relationships among Latvian language use, cultural participation and community continuity.",
                    "Attribute statements to specific Latvian speakers or organisations with an explicit constituency.",
                    "Flag unsupported individual identity assignments and unresolved collective claims for review."
                ]
            },
            "sources": [],
            "structure": {
                "bundles": [
                    {
                        "id": "latvian-identity-boundaries",
                        "name": "Latvian identity boundaries",
                        "description": "Distinguishes the ethnocultural sense of Latvians from civic, residential and linguistic uses.",
                        "rationale": "The missing registry definition leaves a consequential ambiguity that must remain visible.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "ethnic-and-civic-senses",
                                "name": "Ethnic and civic senses",
                                "description": "Establishes what the label Latvians means in each context.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "source-specific-latvian-sense",
                                        "name": "Source-specific Latvian sense",
                                        "description": "Record a source's inclusion criteria before treating its statements as evidence about this collective identity.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "Does this use of Latvians refer to ethnic identification, Latvian citizenship, residence in Latvia or an unresolved combination?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "id": "source-specific-latvian-sense-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which wording or methodological note establishes that interpretation?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "id": "source-specific-latvian-sense-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "self-identification-and-attribution",
                                "name": "Self-identification and attribution",
                                "description": "Separates expressed Latvian identity from classifications imposed by others.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "basis-of-latvian-identification",
                                        "name": "Basis of Latvian identification",
                                        "description": "Preserve who made an identity claim, whether multiple identities were allowed and when the claim applied.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "Was Latvian identity self-reported, recorded administratively or attributed by an external observer?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "id": "basis-of-latvian-identification-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Can Latvian identification coexist with other identities in this account, or did its classification force a single choice?",
                                                "kind": "boundary",
                                                "id": "basis-of-latvian-identification-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "latvian-language-and-cultural-participation",
                        "name": "Latvian language and cultural participation",
                        "description": "Records evidenced connections to Latvian language and community practices without turning them into membership requirements.",
                        "rationale": "An agent needs to describe cultural continuity while avoiding a checklist of supposedly necessary Latvian traits.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "latvian-language-relationships",
                                "name": "Latvian language relationships",
                                "description": "Distinguishes language acquisition, use and transmission from ethnic identification.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "language-use-without-identity-proxy",
                                        "name": "Language use without identity substitution",
                                        "description": "Treat speaking, learning or transmitting Latvian as independently evidenced relationships.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "Does the evidence concern Latvian as a first language, household language, learned language or language of community participation?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "id": "language-use-without-identity-proxy-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "How were language competence and use measured, and were they measured separately from Latvian identity?",
                                                "kind": "measurement",
                                                "id": "language-use-without-identity-proxy-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "documented-cultural-practices",
                                "name": "Documented cultural practices",
                                "description": "Connects specific practices and institutions to the communities that describe or sustain them.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "situated-latvian-cultural-participation",
                                        "name": "Situated Latvian cultural participation",
                                        "description": "Describe the documented significance and reach of practices rather than attributing them universally to Latvians.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which communities describe a practice, such as Jāņi observance or participation in Latvian song and dance events, as significant to their Latvian identity?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "id": "situated-latvian-cultural-participation-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "What evidence supports describing that practice as local, regional, diaspora-based or more widely shared?",
                                                "kind": "boundary",
                                                "id": "situated-latvian-cultural-participation-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "latvia-diaspora-and-population",
                        "name": "Latvia, diaspora and population",
                        "description": "Locates Latvian communities and makes demographic descriptions comparable.",
                        "rationale": "Territory, migration and counting conventions can change who a statement about Latvians includes.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "community-geographies",
                                "name": "Community geographies",
                                "description": "Records relationships between communities in Latvia and communities elsewhere.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "diaspora-inclusion-and-connections",
                                        "name": "Diaspora inclusion and connections",
                                        "description": "Keep residence, migration history, family origin and community affiliation distinct when describing Latvian diaspora settings.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "How does the source define a Latvian diaspora community, and does that definition include descendants, recent emigrants or both?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "id": "diaspora-inclusion-and-connections-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which documented connections link this community to Latvia or to other Latvian communities?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "id": "diaspora-inclusion-and-connections-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "population-evidence",
                                "name": "Population evidence",
                                "description": "Qualifies counts and proportions by the populations and methods they actually describe.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "comparable-latvian-population-claims",
                                        "name": "Comparable Latvian population claims",
                                        "description": "A population figure is usable only with its date, coverage and rules for identifying and counting Latvians.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "What territory, reference date, identity question and treatment of multiple responses produced this count of Latvians?",
                                                "kind": "measurement",
                                                "id": "comparable-latvian-population-claims-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Can this figure be compared with another estimate without mixing ethnicity, citizenship, ancestry or residence?",
                                                "kind": "boundary",
                                                "id": "comparable-latvian-population-claims-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "historical-labels-and-collective-voice",
                        "name": "Historical labels and collective voice",
                        "description": "Qualifies historical continuity and claims made on behalf of Latvians.",
                        "rationale": "Present-day labels and individual statements cannot automatically establish historical membership or a collective position.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "historical-and-regional-boundaries",
                                "name": "Historical and regional boundaries",
                                "description": "Examines how Latvian identity terms relate to period-specific and regional identifications.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "dated-identity-terminology",
                                        "name": "Dated identity terminology",
                                        "description": "Preserve original terms and explicit scholarly interpretations when connecting historical or regional identities to Latvians.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which original identity term does the historical source use, and what evidence supports translating it as Latvians?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "id": "dated-identity-terminology-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "How does this source describe the relationship between Latvian and Latgalian identification, and what remains contested or context-dependent?",
                                                "kind": "boundary",
                                                "id": "dated-identity-terminology-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "representation-and-agent-use",
                                "name": "Representation and agent use",
                                "description": "Limits collective attribution to what a speaker's evidence or mandate supports.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "bounded-claims-about-latvians",
                                        "name": "Bounded claims about Latvians",
                                        "description": "Attribute views and proposed actions to documented constituencies rather than treating Latvians as a single decision-making body.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "Who claims to speak for Latvians here, and what constituency, selection process or evidence supports that claim?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "id": "bounded-claims-about-latvians-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Should the agent attribute this statement to its named speaker, report it as a sampled view or leave the collective claim unresolved?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "id": "bounded-claims-about-latvians-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment",
                        "name": "Evidence and external alignment",
                        "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.",
                        "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "reported-evidence",
                                "name": "Reported evidence",
                                "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "evidence-confidence-notes",
                                        "name": "Check these first",
                                        "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.",
                                        "evidence": [
                                            "The registry records no sense; this description prioritises the ethnic-group meaning and flags the civic meaning.",
                                            "Verify how any dataset records self-identification, multiple affiliations, ancestry and citizenship before using its counts.",
                                            "No sources were consulted; the treatment of Latgalian identity particularly warrants specialist review."
                                        ],
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01",
                                                "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of Latvians this model covers, and on what evidence?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    },
                                    {
                                        "id": "evidence-real-world-use",
                                        "name": "Real-world use",
                                        "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.",
                                        "evidence": [
                                            "Self-identification in cultural, family and community contexts.",
                                            "Ethnic affiliation in population statistics and demographic research.",
                                            "Study of Latvian language, history, migration and cultural heritage.",
                                            "Organisation of Latvian diaspora communities."
                                        ],
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01",
                                                "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of Latvians this model covers, and on what evidence?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    },
                                    {
                                        "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards",
                                        "name": "Failure modes and hazards",
                                        "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.",
                                        "evidence": [
                                            "Conflating ethnic Latvians with all Latvian citizens or residents.",
                                            "Inferring ethnicity from a person's language, surname, birthplace or citizenship alone.",
                                            "Treating cultural affiliation as a fixed biological category.",
                                            "Comparing population counts that use different definitions of ethnicity, ancestry or citizenship."
                                        ],
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01",
                                                "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of Latvians this model covers, and on what evidence?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    },
                                    {
                                        "id": "evidence-regional-variation",
                                        "name": "Regional variation",
                                        "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.",
                                        "evidence": [
                                            "Within Latvia, regional identities include Latgalian identity, whose relationship to Latvian identity requires attention to individual self-identification.",
                                            "Diaspora communities vary in language use, citizenship and identification across countries and generations."
                                        ],
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01",
                                                "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of Latvians this model covers, and on what evidence?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    },
                                    {
                                        "id": "evidence-neighbours",
                                        "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart",
                                        "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.",
                                        "evidence": [
                                            {
                                                "name": "Latvian citizens",
                                                "difference": "Citizenship is a legal relationship with Latvia; ethnic Latvian identity neither requires nor guarantees Latvian citizenship."
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "name": "Residents of Latvia",
                                                "difference": "Residence concerns where a person lives, independently of ethnicity or citizenship."
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "name": "Latvian speakers",
                                                "difference": "Language competence or use does not establish ethnic affiliation."
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "name": "Lithuanians",
                                                "difference": "Lithuanians are a distinct Baltic ethnic group historically associated with Lithuania and the Lithuanian language."
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "name": "Balts",
                                                "difference": "Balts is a broader ethnolinguistic grouping that includes Latvians and Lithuanians."
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "name": "Livonians",
                                                "difference": "Livonians are a distinct people indigenous to Latvia with a Finnic linguistic heritage."
                                            }
                                        ],
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01",
                                                "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of Latvians this model covers, and on what evidence?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    }
                ]
            },
            "openQuestions": [
                "Does the originating registry record intend ethnic Latvians, Latvian citizens or a broader demonym, and does an existing world model already own that sense?",
                "Which authoritative and community-authored sources should establish contemporary Latvian self-identification terminology and its relationship to Latgalian identification?",
                "Which population sources distinguish ethnicity, citizenship, language and ancestry sufficiently for comparisons across Latvia and diaspora settings?",
                "Which historical terms can be connected to present-day Latvian identity without projecting modern categories onto earlier populations?",
                "Which community practices and representative institutions have adequate evidence for inclusion, and how should differences across generations and locations be expressed?"
            ],
            "statistics": {
                "bundles": 5,
                "layers": 9,
                "findings": 13,
                "questions": 21
            }
        },
        "draft": {
            "generator": "vr.draft.v3",
            "status": "draft-generated",
            "researched": false,
            "archetype": "occupation or role",
            "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.",
            "facetsInferred": true,
            "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.",
            "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a Latvians, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.",
            "whatItIs": "Enable an agent to recognise references to Latvians as a collective identity, distinguish ethnicity from citizenship and residence, and use contextual evidence without assigning identity to individuals by inference.",
            "characteristics": {
                "substance": "social",
                "origin": "natural",
                "agency": "autonomous",
                "mobility": "self-moving"
            },
            "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [
                "observed and measured"
            ],
            "distinguishingFeatures": [
                "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: Latvians in Russia, Latvians in Argentina.",
                "2 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.",
                "Described in 74 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is."
            ],
            "openQuestionsForResearch": [
                "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?",
                "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?",
                "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a Latvians, and on what evidence are they told apart?"
            ],
            "whatItIsMadeOf": "a social arrangement between people",
            "physicalCharacter": [
                "Moves under its own power or of its own accord.",
                "Acts on its own behalf.",
                "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing."
            ],
            "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [
                "observe it, measure it, record its state"
            ],
            "howItIsRecognised": [
                "Not recognisable by appearance, and guessing from dress or setting is how an agent gets this wrong. Recognised by qualification, licence or engagement."
            ],
            "relatedModels": [
                {
                    "relation": "covers",
                    "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.",
                    "targets": [
                        "Latvians in Russia",
                        "Latvians in Argentina"
                    ]
                }
            ],
            "standing": "Described in 74 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 2 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.",
            "structure": {
                "bundles": [
                    {
                        "id": "identity-and-classification",
                        "name": "Identity, naming and classification",
                        "description": "How an agent tells one Latvians from another, and a Latvians from things that resemble it.",
                        "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "naming-and-identifiers",
                                "name": "Names and identifiers",
                                "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases",
                                        "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names",
                                        "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a Latvians, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a Latvians, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a Latvians is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    },
                                    {
                                        "id": "stable-identifiers",
                                        "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys",
                                        "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "stable-identifiers-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a Latvians, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "stable-identifiers-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a Latvians, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "stable-identifiers-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a Latvians is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "classification-and-granularity",
                                "name": "Classification and granularity",
                                "description": "Where a Latvians sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "kind-and-parents",
                                        "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds",
                                        "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "kind-and-parents-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a Latvians, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "kind-and-parents-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a Latvians, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "kind-and-parents-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a Latvians is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    },
                                    {
                                        "id": "distinguishing-features",
                                        "name": "Distinguishing features",
                                        "description": "What separates a Latvians from the things most often confused with it.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "distinguishing-features-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a Latvians, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "distinguishing-features-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a Latvians, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "distinguishing-features-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a Latvians is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "place-and-movement",
                        "name": "Place and movement",
                        "description": "Where a Latvians is, how it got there and where it may go (self-moving).",
                        "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "location-and-placement",
                                "name": "Location and placement",
                                "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "position-and-frame",
                                        "name": "Position, container and reference frame",
                                        "description": "Where a Latvians is, and what that position is measured against.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "position-and-frame-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a Latvians, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "position-and-frame-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a Latvians, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "position-and-frame-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a Latvians is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "movement-and-transfer",
                                "name": "Movement and transfer",
                                "description": "How a Latvians moves on its own.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "movement-events",
                                        "name": "Movement events and constraints",
                                        "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "movement-events-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a Latvians, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "movement-events-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a Latvians, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "movement-events-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a Latvians is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "state-and-lifecycle",
                        "name": "State and lifecycle",
                        "description": "The states a Latvians passes through and the events that move it between them.",
                        "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "lifecycle-stages",
                                "name": "Lifecycle stages",
                                "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "stages-and-transitions",
                                        "name": "Stages and transitions",
                                        "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a Latvians between them.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a Latvians, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a Latvians, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a Latvians is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "observations-and-status",
                                "name": "Observations and current status",
                                "description": "What is observed about a Latvians, how often and by whom.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "observation-record",
                                        "name": "Observation record",
                                        "description": "How an observation of a Latvians is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "observation-record-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a Latvians, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "observation-record-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a Latvians, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "observation-record-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a Latvians is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "people-and-responsibility",
                        "name": "People, roles and responsibility",
                        "description": "Who stands in what relation to a Latvians.",
                        "rationale": "Social things are defined by the relations people hold to them, and those relations change without the thing changing.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "roles-and-parties",
                                "name": "Roles and parties",
                                "description": "The roles that exist around a Latvians and who fills them.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "role-assignments",
                                        "name": "Role assignments and their validity",
                                        "description": "Who holds which role over a Latvians, from when, and on whose authority.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "role-assignments-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes a role over a Latvians, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "role-assignments-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about a role over a Latvians, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "role-assignments-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a role over a Latvians is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "ownership-and-accountability",
                                "name": "Ownership and accountability",
                                "description": "Who answers for a Latvians and who may decide about it.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "accountability",
                                        "name": "Accountability and decision rights",
                                        "description": "Where responsibility for a Latvians sits when something goes wrong.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "accountability-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes responsibility for a Latvians, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "accountability-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about responsibility for a Latvians, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "accountability-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once responsibility for a Latvians is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "competence-and-licence",
                        "name": "Competence, qualification and licence",
                        "description": "What someone must be able to do, and be permitted to do, as Latvians.",
                        "rationale": "The permission is jurisdictional and the competence is not, and conflating them is how an agent concludes someone may practise when they may not.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "competences",
                                "name": "Competences and qualifications",
                                "description": "Skills and credentials the role assumes.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "qualification-record",
                                        "name": "Qualifications and how they are evidenced",
                                        "description": "What counts as qualified, and what proves it.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "qualification-record-q01",
                                                "text": "What competences and qualifications does Latvians require, and how is each evidenced?",
                                                "kind": "definition"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "qualification-record-q02",
                                                "text": "Which qualifications transfer between jurisdictions and which do not?",
                                                "kind": "boundary"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "licensing",
                                "name": "Licensing and the right to practise",
                                "description": "Who grants permission, where it holds, and when it lapses.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "licence-record",
                                        "name": "Licence, issuer and validity",
                                        "description": "The permission, its issuer, its territory and its expiry.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "licence-record-q01",
                                                "text": "Who licenses Latvians, in which territory, and for how long?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "licence-record-q02",
                                                "text": "What may an unlicensed person not do, and what must an agent refuse to assume?",
                                                "kind": "action"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "tasks-and-accountability",
                        "name": "Tasks, employment and accountability",
                        "description": "What Latvians actually does and who answers for it.",
                        "rationale": "A role is filled by people under an arrangement, and the arrangement decides liability, supervision and who may instruct whom.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "tasks",
                                "name": "Tasks and typical duties",
                                "description": "The work itself, and how it differs by setting.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "duty-record",
                                        "name": "Duties and setting",
                                        "description": "What the role does and where the work varies.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "duty-record-q01",
                                                "text": "What tasks define Latvians, and how do they differ between settings or seniority?",
                                                "kind": "definition"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "duty-record-q02",
                                                "text": "Which tasks may only be done by this role, and which are shared with neighbouring roles?",
                                                "kind": "boundary"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "accountability",
                                "name": "Employment and accountability",
                                "description": "The relation under which the work is done and where responsibility sits.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "responsibility",
                                        "name": "Responsibility and supervision",
                                        "description": "Who instructs, who supervises, who is liable.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "responsibility-q01",
                                                "text": "Under what arrangement does someone act as Latvians, and who supervises or is liable?",
                                                "kind": "definition"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "responsibility-q02",
                                                "text": "When something goes wrong, what does the model need to have recorded to answer who was responsible?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "provenance-and-evidence",
                        "name": "Provenance, evidence and time",
                        "description": "Where every claim about a Latvians came from and when it held.",
                        "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "source-and-authority",
                                "name": "Source and authority",
                                "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "claim-provenance",
                                        "name": "Claim provenance and confidence",
                                        "description": "The authority behind each claim about a Latvians and how confident it is.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "claim-provenance-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a Latvians, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "claim-provenance-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a Latvians, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "claim-provenance-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a Latvians is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "time-and-versions",
                                "name": "Time, versions and supersession",
                                "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "validity-and-supersession",
                                        "name": "Validity period and supersession",
                                        "description": "How an old claim about a Latvians is retired without being erased.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a Latvians, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a Latvians, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a Latvians is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    }
                ]
            },
            "statistics": {
                "bundles": 7,
                "layers": 14,
                "findings": 16,
                "questions": 44
            }
        }
    }
}