{ "model": { "rank": 3363, "code": "thing-q49703", "model_id": "vr.tr.sacrament", "name": "sacrament", "purpose": "Let an agent describe sacraments as each tradition understands them with attribution, explain their rites and requirements, support questions about participation and preparation, and separate similar concepts in other religions.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Cross-cutting context", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "XCT", "domain": "XCT.QLT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q49703/", "tier": 2, "score": 87, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "holy orders", "episcopal nomination", "The sacrament of Holy Orders in the Catholic Church", "Reordination", "episcopal consecration in the Roman rite", "Major orders", "Consolamentum", "Sacred Mystery", "anointing of the sick", "Sacraments of the Catholic Church", "Anglican sacraments", "mysterium", "Lutheran sacraments", "wedding mass", "Mystery of Unction", "Sacraments of healing", "Sacraments of Service" ], "aliasCount": 17, "merged": 17, "knownIn": 87, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q49703", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49703", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-11T22:19:13Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 2, "engine": "claude" }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q49703", "registryId": "vr.tr.sacrament", "name": "sacrament", "version": "0.2.0-wave.2", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "XCT.QLT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q49703/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.sacrament", "name": "sacrament", "purpose": "Let an agent describe sacraments as each tradition understands them with attribution, explain their rites and requirements, support questions about participation and preparation, and separate similar concepts in other religions.", "definition": "A Christian rite regarded as a visible sign of divine grace, numbered as seven in Catholic and Orthodox teaching including baptism, confirmation, the Eucharist, penance, anointing of the sick, holy orders and marriage, and as two, baptism and the Lord Supper, in most Protestant churches, with holy orders conferred by ordination and episcopal consecration; sacraments are described here as understood by each tradition.", "what_it_is_for": "Sacred rites in Christianity.", "affordances": [ "describe sacraments by tradition", "explain rites and requirements", "support participation and preparation questions", "separate other religious rites" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Christian rite", "Tradition-defined", "Grace theology", "Ordained ministers usually" ], "appearance": "Liturgical rites with water, bread and wine, oil, laying on of hands and vows.", "visual_identification": [ "Rite understood as a sign of grace", "Number and theology vary by tradition", "Sacramentals are lesser blessings and objects" ], "physical_properties": [], "families_and_kinds": [ "sacraments of initiation", "sacraments of healing", "sacraments of service including holy orders and marriage", "Protestant ordinances", "Orthodox mysteries" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "Christian liturgical rite", "why": "category" }, { "relation": "is administered by", "target": "religious organization", "why": "churches" }, { "relation": "is related to", "target": "religious text", "why": "liturgical texts" }, { "relation": "is related to", "target": "prophet", "why": "other religious concepts" } ], "identifiers": [], "standards_and_regulation": [ "Canon law and church discipline", "Civil law on religious marriage", "Safeguarding rules in ministry" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Presenting one tradition theology as universal", "Disrespectful treatment", "Confusing sacraments with civil acts" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "understand", "name": "Understand", "description": "What sacraments are.", "rationale": "Attribution.", "layers": [ { "id": "traditions", "name": "Traditions", "description": "By tradition.", "findings": [ { "id": "traditions-finding", "name": "Traditions", "description": "Traditions.", "questions": [ { "text": "How do Catholic, Orthodox, Anglican and Protestant traditions define and number the sacraments, in their own terms?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "What is the theology of grace behind them, as each tradition states it?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "specific", "name": "Specific", "description": "A specific sacrament.", "findings": [ { "id": "specific-finding", "name": "Specific", "description": "Specific sacrament.", "questions": [ { "text": "What is this sacrament, how is it celebrated, and who may receive or administer it, according to the tradition?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "orders", "name": "Orders", "description": "Holy orders.", "rationale": "Ordination.", "layers": [ { "id": "ordination", "name": "Ordination", "description": "Ordination and consecration.", "findings": [ { "id": "ordination-finding", "name": "Ordination", "description": "Ordination.", "questions": [ { "text": "How do ordination and episcopal consecration work in this tradition, and what are major and minor orders?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "What is reordination or conditional ordination?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "debates", "name": "Debates", "description": "Debates on orders.", "findings": [ { "id": "debates-finding", "name": "Debates", "description": "Debates.", "questions": [ { "text": "What are the attributed positions of traditions on questions such as the ordination of women or recognition of orders across churches?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Is the presentation neutral?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "participate", "name": "Participate", "description": "Receiving sacraments.", "rationale": "Practical.", "layers": [ { "id": "prepare", "name": "Prepare", "description": "Preparation.", "findings": [ { "id": "prepare-finding", "name": "Prepare", "description": "Preparation.", "questions": [ { "text": "How does someone prepare for a sacrament such as baptism, confirmation or marriage in this tradition?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which requirements and documents apply?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "visitors", "name": "Visitors", "description": "Visitors and non-members.", "findings": [ { "id": "visitors-finding", "name": "Visitors", "description": "Visitors.", "questions": [ { "text": "What etiquette applies to visitors during sacramental rites, and who may participate?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "How are civil and religious marriage related here?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "learn", "name": "Learn", "description": "History and comparison.", "rationale": "Context.", "layers": [ { "id": "history", "name": "History", "description": "History of sacramental theology.", "findings": [ { "id": "history-finding", "name": "History", "description": "History.", "questions": [ { "text": "How did sacramental theology and practice develop, according to historians and theologians?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which councils and reformers shaped it?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "compare", "name": "Compare", "description": "Rites in other religions.", "findings": [ { "id": "compare-finding", "name": "Compare", "description": "Comparison.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is a rite in another religion meant, which should be described in that tradition own terms?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "text": "Which entry fits?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should each sacrament be a separate entry?", "How should catechisms be linked?", "How should ecumenical positions be attributed?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "abstract concept", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a sacrament, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Let an agent describe sacraments as each tradition understands them with attribution, explain their rites and requirements, support questions about participation and preparation, and separate similar concepts in other religions.", "characteristics": { "substance": "abstract", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: holy orders, episcopal nomination, The sacrament of Holy Orders in the Catholic Church, Reordination, episcopal consecration in the Roman rite, Major orders, Consolamentum, Sacred Mystery, anointing of the sick, Sacraments of the Catholic Church, Anglican sacraments, mysterium.", "17 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 87 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a sacrament, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "an abstraction with no physical instance", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see. What is recognised is an instance of it, and which instances count is exactly what is argued about." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "holy orders", "episcopal nomination", "The sacrament of Holy Orders in the Catholic Church", "Reordination", "episcopal consecration in the Roman rite", "Major orders", "Consolamentum", "Sacred Mystery", "anointing of the sick", "Sacraments of the Catholic Church", "Anglican sacraments", "mysterium" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 87 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 17 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one sacrament from another, and a sacrament from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a sacrament, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a sacrament, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a sacrament is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a sacrament, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a sacrament, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a sacrament is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a sacrament sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a sacrament, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a sacrament, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a sacrament is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a sacrament from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a sacrament, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a sacrament, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a sacrament is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a sacrament passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a sacrament between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a sacrament, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a sacrament, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a sacrament is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a sacrament, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a sacrament is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a sacrament, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a sacrament, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a sacrament is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "definitions-in-contest", "name": "Definitions and who holds them", "description": "What sacrament is taken to mean, and by whom.", "rationale": "When a field disagrees about a concept, the disagreement is the content. A model that picks one definition silently destroys the information.", "layers": [ { "id": "competing-definitions", "name": "Competing definitions", "description": "The main readings and the traditions behind them.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-map", "name": "Definitions and their holders", "description": "Each definition with the school or body that holds it.", "questions": [ { "id": "definition-map-q01", "text": "Which definitions of sacrament are in use, and which tradition or body holds each?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "definition-map-q02", "text": "What turns on the difference between them in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "operationalisation", "name": "Operationalisation", "description": "How it is measured or applied when it has to be.", "findings": [ { "id": "operational-record", "name": "Measures and proxies", "description": "Instruments and indicators used to stand in for it.", "questions": [ { "id": "operational-record-q01", "text": "How is sacrament operationalised or measured in practice, and by what instrument?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "operational-record-q02", "text": "What does that operationalisation leave out, and when does that matter?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "instances-and-use", "name": "Instances, use and consequence", "description": "What counts as an instance of sacrament and what follows from calling something that.", "rationale": "Applying a concept is an act with consequences, so a model must say what the label licenses and what it does not.", "layers": [ { "id": "instances", "name": "What counts as an instance", "description": "Clear cases, borderline cases and non-cases.", "findings": [ { "id": "instance-tests", "name": "Tests for an instance", "description": "What would settle whether something falls under it.", "questions": [ { "id": "instance-tests-q01", "text": "What would settle whether something is an instance of sacrament?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "instance-tests-q02", "text": "Which borderline cases are argued about, and on what grounds?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "consequence", "name": "Consequence of application", "description": "Rights, duties or decisions that follow from the label.", "findings": [ { "id": "consequence-record", "name": "What the label licenses", "description": "What an agent may do once something is classified this way.", "questions": [ { "id": "consequence-record-q01", "text": "What follows practically once something is treated as sacrament?", "kind": "action" }, { "id": "consequence-record-q02", "text": "What must an agent not infer from the label alone?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a sacrament came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a sacrament and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a sacrament, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a sacrament, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a sacrament is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a sacrament is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a sacrament, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a sacrament, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a sacrament is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 10, "findings": 12, "questions": 32 } } } }