{ "model": { "rank": 4708, "code": "thing-q49916468", "model_id": "vr.tr.nitrate", "name": "nitrate", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise nitrate, assess its amount and chemical context, and determine which uses, transformations or controls require further evidence.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.MAT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q49916468/", "tier": 2, "score": 73, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "starch nitrate", "nitrate ester", "n-propyl nitrate", "alkyl nitrate", "Isoidide mononitrate", "D-Glucitol, 1,4:3,6-dianhydro-, 2,5-dinitrate", "isosorbide dinitrate", "triaminoguanidine nitrate", "alkali metal nitrate", "isosorbide mononitrate" ], "aliasCount": 10, "merged": 10, "knownIn": 73, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": "vr.tr.nitrate", "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q49916468", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49916468", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-09T20:49:56Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 20.5, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a087ee-3a24-76f2-b650-ce5828350422\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: nitrate\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: PHY.MAT\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 1001 things:\n# Batch 005: 1001 registe", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 65.6, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a087ee-3a1c-7bc3-aed2-3e5d8341b776\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: nitrate\nRegistry id: vr.tr.nitrate\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.MAT\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\n\nContext " } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q49916468", "registryId": "vr.tr.nitrate", "name": "nitrate", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.MAT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q49916468/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.nitrate", "name": "nitrate", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise nitrate, assess its amount and chemical context, and determine which uses, transformations or controls require further evidence.", "definition": "Nitrate is the polyatomic anion NO₃⁻, the conjugate base of nitric acid, and the term also denotes salts containing this ion.", "scope_statement": "This model owns nitrate as the inorganic NO3− ion and the shared nitrate-specific properties of materials containing it, while recording counterions, matrices and conditions needed to interpret its state; individual salts such as ammonium nitrate retain their own substance models.", "in_scope": [ "Nitrate ion identity, composition, charge and distinction from adjacent nitrogen species", "Occurrence in identified salts, solutions and environmental or product matrices", "Nitrate content, purity, analytical basis and measurement uncertainty", "Dissolution, transport and chemical or biological transformations involving nitrate", "Context-dependent uses, hazards and applicable identity or limit records" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Complete substance models for individual nitrate salts, including ammonium nitrate", "Nitrite, nitric acid and other nitrogen compounds as independently managed substances", "Organic nitrate esters, whose nitrate groups are covalently bound", "Complete formulations, fertiliser products and water-treatment systems", "Whole ecosystem nitrogen cycles and clinical diagnosis or treatment" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "The nitrate ion has formula NO3− and charge −1; nitrite has formula NO2−.", "Nitrogen has oxidation state +5 in nitrate, distinguishing it from reduced nitrogen species such as ammonium.", "A nitrate salt includes charge-balancing cations; identifying nitrate alone does not identify the complete substance.", "Nitric acid and nitrate are related by proton transfer but are not interchangeable substance identities.", "An organic nitrate ester contains a covalently attached nitrate group and is outside the inorganic-ion sense covered here." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Chemical identity and sense", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "NO3− ion; identified inorganic nitrate salt; nitrate constituent in a matrix", "why_it_matters": "Prevents an ion-level record from being mistaken for a complete material identity." }, { "name": "Counterion and salt composition", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Linked cation or salt identities, stoichiometry and hydration state where applicable", "why_it_matters": "Solubility, thermal behaviour and material hazards depend on the complete compound." }, { "name": "Nitrate amount and reporting basis", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "mol/L, mg/L as NO3−, mg/L as N, or mass fraction; declare wet or dry basis where relevant", "why_it_matters": "Results expressed as nitrate and as nitrate-nitrogen cannot be compared directly." }, { "name": "Matrix and physical state", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Dissolved constituent, crystalline salt constituent or matrix-associated nitrate; identify matrix", "why_it_matters": "Determines what sampling, extraction and handling assumptions are valid." }, { "name": "Material grade and accompanying species", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Declared grade, nitrate assay and measured impurities with units and detection limits", "why_it_matters": "A nitrate measurement alone cannot establish product purity or suitability." }, { "name": "Environmental conditions", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Temperature in °C, pH, redox potential in mV with reference electrode, and matrix-specific conditions", "why_it_matters": "Provides context for nitrate persistence, transformation and measurement interpretation." }, { "name": "Transformation status", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Accumulating, approximately stable, being consumed or undetermined; supported by observations", "why_it_matters": "A single concentration does not establish whether nitrate is being produced or removed." }, { "name": "Applicable identity and hazard records", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Verified identifier, safety data sheet or regulatory record linked to the exact species or material, jurisdiction and version", "why_it_matters": "Avoids assigning one nitrate salt's identifiers or classifications to every nitrate-bearing material." } ], "affordances": [ "Identify whether a record concerns nitrate ion, a particular nitrate salt or a nitrate-containing mixture.", "Compare nitrate measurements after reconciling units, reporting bases, matrices and analytical limitations.", "Trace nitrate through dissolution, transport and transformation while retaining links to other nitrogen species.", "Assess whether measured nitrate content satisfies a specified use requirement with an applicable evidence source.", "Route handling, storage or treatment decisions to the exact material model and its verified safety information." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "nitrate-identity", "name": "Nitrate identity and boundaries", "description": "Establish the inorganic nitrate sense and connect it to the complete material in which it occurs.", "rationale": "The word nitrate can refer to an ion, a family of salts or a measured constituent, each requiring different interpretation.", "layers": [ { "id": "ionic-identity", "name": "Ionic identity", "description": "Recognise NO3− and distinguish related chemical species.", "findings": [ { "id": "nitrate-species-test", "name": "Nitrate species test", "description": "Record evidence that the subject is inorganic nitrate rather than nitrite, nitric acid or an organic nitrate ester.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does the identity evidence establish NO3−, including its charge, rather than merely a name containing nitrate?", "kind": "definition", "id": "nitrate-species-test-q01" }, { "text": "Which evidence excludes nitrite, nitric acid and covalently bound organic nitrate groups from this record?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "nitrate-species-test-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "salt-and-registry-links", "name": "Salt and registry links", "description": "Attach the ion-level record to specific substances without duplicating their models.", "findings": [ { "id": "complete-substance-identity", "name": "Complete substance identity", "description": "Require counterion and composition information before applying salt-specific properties or identifiers.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which counterions, stoichiometry and hydration state identify the nitrate-bearing substance, if it is a defined salt?", "kind": "definition", "id": "complete-substance-identity-q01" }, { "text": "Does each recorded CAS, PubChem or EC identifier refer to nitrate ion, the exact salt or a mixture, and which source verifies that assignment?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "complete-substance-identity-q02" }, { "text": "If the substance is ammonium nitrate, which properties belong in its narrower model rather than this shared nitrate model?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "complete-substance-identity-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "nitrate-material-state", "name": "Nitrate-bearing material state", "description": "Describe how much nitrate is present and the material conditions under which it occurs.", "rationale": "Nitrate ion alone has no universal bulk melting point, boiling point, grade or storage state.", "layers": [ { "id": "matrix-and-phase", "name": "Matrix and phase", "description": "Locate nitrate within a solution, solid compound or heterogeneous sample.", "findings": [ { "id": "physical-context", "name": "Physical context", "description": "Tie physical-property statements to an identified material and conditions.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is nitrate dissolved, present in an identified crystalline salt or measured after extraction from a matrix?", "kind": "definition", "id": "physical-context-q01" }, { "text": "For a reported solubility or thermal transition, what exact compound, solvent, temperature and pressure were studied?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "physical-context-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "assay-and-grade", "name": "Assay and grade", "description": "Separate nitrate content from overall purity and intended-use grade.", "findings": [ { "id": "nitrate-content-versus-purity", "name": "Nitrate content versus purity", "description": "Record nitrate assay alongside water content and relevant accompanying substances.", "questions": [ { "text": "What nitrate amount is measured, on what mass or volume basis, and with what uncertainty?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "nitrate-content-versus-purity-q01" }, { "text": "Which impurities, counterions or moisture measurements are required to support the claimed material grade?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "nitrate-content-versus-purity-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "nitrate-measurement", "name": "Nitrate measurement and comparability", "description": "Make nitrate results interpretable across methods, samples and reporting conventions.", "rationale": "Reporting-basis errors and measurements that combine nitrate with nitrite can produce false comparisons.", "layers": [ { "id": "reporting-basis", "name": "Reporting basis", "description": "Preserve the chemical and dimensional basis of every result.", "findings": [ { "id": "nitrate-versus-nitrate-nitrogen", "name": "Nitrate versus nitrate-nitrogen", "description": "Distinguish mass reported as NO3− from mass reported as nitrogen attributable to nitrate.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is the result expressed as nitrate ion, nitrate-nitrogen or a combined nitrogen-species measurement?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "nitrate-versus-nitrate-nitrogen-q01" }, { "text": "Before comparing results, have units and reporting bases been reconciled using a documented conversion?", "kind": "action", "id": "nitrate-versus-nitrate-nitrogen-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "analytical-evidence", "name": "Analytical evidence", "description": "Assess whether sampling and analysis support the nitrate interpretation.", "findings": [ { "id": "method-selectivity-and-sample-integrity", "name": "Method selectivity and sample integrity", "description": "Capture analytical selectivity, matrix effects and possible changes between collection and measurement.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does the method quantify nitrate separately, or does it require accounting for nitrite or other interferences?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "method-selectivity-and-sample-integrity-q01" }, { "text": "What sampling, preservation, extraction and holding-time evidence supports the reported nitrate concentration?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "method-selectivity-and-sample-integrity-q02" }, { "text": "What detection limit, recovery and uncertainty apply in this particular matrix?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "method-selectivity-and-sample-integrity-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "nitrate-fate", "name": "Nitrate transport and transformation", "description": "Track changes in nitrate location and chemical identity.", "rationale": "A falling nitrate concentration can reflect dilution, transport, uptake or reaction, with different consequences.", "layers": [ { "id": "dissolution-and-transport", "name": "Dissolution and transport", "description": "Describe nitrate movement with reference to its source material and surrounding medium.", "findings": [ { "id": "nitrate-transfer", "name": "Nitrate transfer", "description": "Distinguish transfer between locations or phases from chemical consumption.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which nitrate-bearing material supplies the dissolved nitrate, and what evidence establishes release under the observed conditions?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "nitrate-transfer-q01" }, { "text": "Can the observed concentration change be explained by dilution, flow or extraction rather than nitrate transformation?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "nitrate-transfer-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "nitrogen-transformations", "name": "Nitrogen transformations", "description": "Connect nitrate production and consumption to supported reaction or biological pathways.", "findings": [ { "id": "nitrate-transformation-evidence", "name": "Nitrate transformation evidence", "description": "Record evidence for pathways such as nitrification, assimilation or nitrate reduction without inferring them from concentration alone.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which observations support nitrate production or consumption, and what pH, oxygen availability and redox conditions accompany them?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "nitrate-transformation-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "Which nitrogen products or biological pools were measured to distinguish conversion from physical removal?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "nitrate-transformation-evidence-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "nitrate-use-and-controls", "name": "Nitrate use and controls", "description": "Connect nitrate-specific functions and exposure measurements to justified material decisions.", "rationale": "Nitrate content informs use and exposure assessment, while permission to act depends on the exact material and applicable requirements.", "layers": [ { "id": "functional-suitability", "name": "Functional suitability", "description": "Assess nitrate's intended role without substituting ion identity for a product specification.", "findings": [ { "id": "nitrate-role-and-acceptance", "name": "Nitrate role and acceptance", "description": "Identify whether nitrate serves as a nutrient, reagent constituent or another specified input, and establish acceptance evidence.", "questions": [ { "text": "What nitrate-specific function is required, and which concentration, grade and counterion constraints define suitability?", "kind": "definition", "id": "nitrate-role-and-acceptance-q01" }, { "text": "What verified specification must the complete material satisfy before an agent can accept it for that use?", "kind": "action", "id": "nitrate-role-and-acceptance-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "hazards-and-applicable-limits", "name": "Hazards and applicable limits", "description": "Keep material hazards separate from nitrate concentration criteria while linking both to their sources.", "findings": [ { "id": "context-specific-controls", "name": "Context-specific controls", "description": "Require exact material identity and exposure context before assigning classifications, limits or controls.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which current safety record establishes the hazard classification and compatibility requirements of this particular nitrate-bearing material?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "context-specific-controls-q01" }, { "text": "For an applicable nitrate limit, what jurisdiction, matrix, exposure route, reporting basis and effective date define its scope?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "context-specific-controls-q02" }, { "text": "Do the available identity and measurement records support the proposed action, or is a substance-specific assessment still required?", "kind": "action", "id": "context-specific-controls-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "This description covers the inorganic nitrate ion and its salts; no registry sense was supplied.", "Melting point, boiling point, purity specifications and hazard classification require identification of a particular salt, hydration state and formulation.", "Identifiers and standard references are recalled, not checked; current editions and jurisdiction-specific requirements need verification." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of nitrate this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Alkali-metal nitrates", "Alkaline-earth-metal nitrates", "Ammonium nitrate", "Transition-metal nitrates" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of nitrate this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "Chemical formula", "value_or_pattern": "NO3−", "note": "Identifies the nitrate ion; individual salts have additional constituents." }, { "scheme": "CAS Registry Number", "value_or_pattern": "14797-55-8", "note": "Identifies the nitrate ion, not all nitrate salts collectively." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of nitrate this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "ISO 10304-1, issued by ISO, covers determination of dissolved anions including nitrate in water by ion chromatography.", "European Union Nitrates Directive 91/676/EEC addresses water pollution caused by nitrates from agricultural sources." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of nitrate this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Nitrate salts supply nitrogen in fertilizers.", "Selected nitrate salts serve as oxidizers in pyrotechnic formulations.", "Sodium nitrate and potassium nitrate are used in molten-salt heat-transfer and thermal-storage mixtures.", "Nitrate measurements support assessment of nutrient loading in water and soil." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of nitrate this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Molar mass of the nitrate ion", "typical_range": "62.00", "unit": "g/mol" }, { "quantity": "Nitrogen oxidation state", "typical_range": "+5", "unit": "dimensionless" }, { "quantity": "Conversion from nitrate nitrogen mass concentration to nitrate ion mass concentration", "typical_range": "4.43", "unit": "mg NO3− per mg N" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of nitrate this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Excess nitrate loading can contribute to eutrophication.", "Conversion of ingested nitrate to nitrite can contribute to methemoglobinemia, particularly in infants.", "Many nitrate salts are oxidizers and can intensify combustion.", "Thermal decomposition hazards depend on the particular salt and may include release of nitrogen oxides.", "Confusing concentrations reported as nitrate with concentrations reported as nitrate nitrogen causes an approximately 4.43-fold reporting error." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of nitrate this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Water-quality reporting conventions vary between nitrate ion concentration and nitrate nitrogen concentration.", "Fertilizer, drinking-water and food-use requirements differ by jurisdiction and by the specific nitrate compound." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of nitrate this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Ammonium nitrate", "difference": "A specific salt, NH4NO3, containing ammonium and nitrate ions; its properties and hazards are narrower than those of nitrate generally." }, { "name": "Nitrite", "difference": "The anion NO2−, with nitrogen in oxidation state +3 rather than +5." }, { "name": "Nitric acid", "difference": "HNO3 is the acid whose deprotonation produces nitrate." }, { "name": "Nitrate ester", "difference": "Contains a covalently bonded R-O-NO2 group rather than necessarily containing a discrete nitrate anion." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of nitrate this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Does the registry intend nitrate primarily as the NO3− ion or as the family of inorganic nitrate salts, and which existing model should anchor that boundary?", "Which authoritative identifiers and reference sources should be adopted for the ion while keeping salt and hydrate identifiers separate?", "Which matrices and intended uses should receive researched nitrate measurement methods, preservation requirements and acceptance criteria first?", "Which jurisdiction-specific nitrate limits and material-specific hazard classifications are relevant to the catalogue's actual deployment contexts?", "What evidence is needed in each target matrix to distinguish nitrate transport, biological uptake and conversion to other nitrogen species?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 19, "questions": 32 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "chemical substance or material", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a nitrate, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an agent to recognise nitrate, assess its amount and chemical context, and determine which uses, transformations or controls require further evidence.", "characteristics": { "substance": "material", "origin": "natural", "agency": "inert", "mobility": "varies" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured", "consumed or used up" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: starch nitrate, nitrate ester, n-propyl nitrate, alkyl nitrate, Isoidide mononitrate, D-Glucitol, 1,4:3,6-dianhydro-, 2,5-dinitrate, isosorbide dinitrate, triaminoguanidine nitrate, alkali metal nitrate, isosorbide mononitrate.", "10 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 73 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a nitrate, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "matter you can touch", "physicalCharacter": [ "Mobility varies between examples.", "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state", "use it up, and then need more of it" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Not recognisable by sight in any reliable way. Appearance varies with grade, form and additives; identification is by label, by documentation, or by assay." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "starch nitrate", "nitrate ester", "n-propyl nitrate", "alkyl nitrate", "Isoidide mononitrate", "D-Glucitol, 1,4:3,6-dianhydro-, 2,5-dinitrate", "isosorbide dinitrate", "triaminoguanidine nitrate", "alkali metal nitrate", "isosorbide mononitrate" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 73 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 10 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one nitrate from another, and a nitrate from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a nitrate, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a nitrate, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a nitrate is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a nitrate, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a nitrate, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a nitrate is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a nitrate sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a nitrate, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a nitrate, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a nitrate is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a nitrate from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a nitrate, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a nitrate, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a nitrate is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a nitrate is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a nitrate, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a nitrate, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a nitrate is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Materials, parts and how they are put together.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and materials", "description": "What a nitrate is built from and which parts are replaceable.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a nitrate, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a nitrate, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a nitrate is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a nitrate is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a nitrate, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a nitrate, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a nitrate is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a nitrate is, how it got there and where it may go (varies).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a nitrate is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a nitrate, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a nitrate, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a nitrate is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a nitrate is carried, installed or relocated.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a nitrate, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a nitrate, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a nitrate is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a nitrate passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a nitrate between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a nitrate, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a nitrate, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a nitrate is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a nitrate, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a nitrate is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a nitrate, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a nitrate, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a nitrate is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "use-and-operation", "name": "Use and operation", "description": "What can be done with a nitrate and what it takes to do it.", "rationale": "An agent that can recognise a thing but not act on it has only half a model.", "layers": [ { "id": "intended-use", "name": "Intended use and function", "description": "What a nitrate is for, and what it is used for anyway.", "findings": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose", "name": "Function, purpose and misuse", "description": "The function a nitrate performs and the uses that fall outside it.", "questions": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the use of a nitrate, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the use of a nitrate, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the use of a nitrate is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "handling-and-procedure", "name": "Handling and procedure", "description": "The steps, skills and tools involved in using a nitrate.", "findings": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills", "name": "Procedures, skills and required tools", "description": "What an agent needs before it can act on a nitrate at all.", "questions": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes handling a nitrate, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about handling a nitrate, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once handling a nitrate is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "supply-and-consumption", "name": "Supply and consumption", "description": "Quantities, rates and what running out means.", "findings": [ { "id": "consumption-and-stock", "name": "Consumption, stock and replenishment", "description": "How much of a nitrate there is and how fast it goes.", "questions": [ { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the supply of a nitrate, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the supply of a nitrate, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the supply of a nitrate is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "composition-and-identity", "name": "Composition, grade and chemical identity", "description": "What nitrate is made of and how pure the thing in hand is.", "rationale": "Grade decides what a substance may be used for, so a model that records only the name cannot support any decision about use.", "layers": [ { "id": "chemical-identity", "name": "Chemical identity", "description": "Formula, structure and the registry numbers that name it unambiguously.", "findings": [ { "id": "identity-record", "name": "Identity and registry numbers", "description": "What identifies this substance across suppliers and regulators.", "questions": [ { "id": "identity-record-q01", "text": "What formula, structure and registry identifiers name nitrate unambiguously?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "identity-record-q02", "text": "Which related substances share a name in common use but not an identifier?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "grade-and-impurities", "name": "Grade, purity and impurities", "description": "The specification a batch meets and what else is in it.", "findings": [ { "id": "specification", "name": "Specification and assay", "description": "How purity is stated and measured, and which impurities matter.", "questions": [ { "id": "specification-q01", "text": "What grades of nitrate exist, how is purity assayed, and which impurities are limited?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "specification-q02", "text": "Which use requires which grade, and what happens when a lower grade is substituted?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "properties-and-behaviour", "name": "Properties and behaviour", "description": "How nitrate behaves under conditions an agent can measure or change.", "rationale": "Physical constants are the part of a substance model that transfers between contexts, and each needs its unit and its conditions.", "layers": [ { "id": "physical-constants", "name": "Physical constants", "description": "Values that hold for the pure substance, with their conditions.", "findings": [ { "id": "constants-record", "name": "Constants and conditions", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the state they apply in.", "questions": [ { "id": "constants-record-q01", "text": "What are the defining physical constants of nitrate, in what units and under what conditions?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "constants-record-q02", "text": "Which of these values change with grade or form rather than being fixed?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "stability-and-reactivity", "name": "Stability and reactivity", "description": "What it reacts with, degrades into, and how it is stored.", "findings": [ { "id": "incompatibilities", "name": "Incompatibilities and degradation", "description": "What must not meet it, and what it becomes over time.", "questions": [ { "id": "incompatibilities-q01", "text": "What is nitrate incompatible with, and what does it degrade into under storage?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "incompatibilities-q02", "text": "What storage and handling does that require, and who is competent to do it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "hazard-and-regulation", "name": "Hazard classification and regulation", "description": "How nitrate can harm, and what the law says about holding and moving it.", "rationale": "A substance model without its hazard class and its regulatory identity is unusable in exactly the situations that matter.", "layers": [ { "id": "hazard-class", "name": "Hazard classification", "description": "Classified hazards, exposure limits and protective measures.", "findings": [ { "id": "classified-hazards", "name": "Classified hazards and limits", "description": "The classification, the scheme it belongs to, and the limits set.", "questions": [ { "id": "classified-hazards-q01", "text": "How is nitrate classified for hazard, under which scheme, and what exposure limits apply?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "classified-hazards-q02", "text": "What protection does handling require, and what must an agent refuse to do without it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "regulatory-identity", "name": "Regulatory identity and control", "description": "Registration, restriction and transport rules by jurisdiction.", "findings": [ { "id": "controls", "name": "Controls and jurisdiction", "description": "Where it is restricted and what the restriction attaches to.", "questions": [ { "id": "controls-q01", "text": "Which registrations, restrictions or transport rules cover nitrate, and where?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "controls-q02", "text": "Does the control attach to the substance, its concentration, or its intended use?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a nitrate came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a nitrate and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a nitrate, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a nitrate, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a nitrate is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a nitrate is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a nitrate, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a nitrate, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a nitrate is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 9, "layers": 20, "findings": 22, "questions": 60 } } } }