{ "model": { "rank": 13742, "code": "thing-q500695", "model_id": "vr.tr.retinoblastoma", "name": "retinoblastoma", "purpose": "Let an agent explain retinoblastoma in general terms, relay genetics, signs, staging, treatment options and global survival gaps from ophthalmology and oncology sources, route warning signs to prompt medical assessment, describe the named forms, and distinguish retinoblastoma from Coats disease, uveal melanoma in adults and normal red reflex variation, without diagnosing individuals.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Cross-cutting context", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "XCT", "domain": "XCT.STA", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q500695/", "tier": 2, "score": 37, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "familial retinoblastoma", "trilateral retinoblastoma", "bilateral retinoblastoma", "unilateral retinoblastoma", "intraocular retinoblastoma", "extraocular retinoblastoma", "relapsed retinoblastoma", "sporadic retinoblastoma", "non-hereditary retinoblastoma" ], "aliasCount": 9, "merged": 9, "knownIn": 37, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q500695", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q500695", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-13T22:13:41Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 4, "engine": "claude" }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q500695", "registryId": "vr.tr.retinoblastoma", "name": "retinoblastoma", "version": "0.2.0-wave.4", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "XCT.STA" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q500695/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.retinoblastoma", "name": "retinoblastoma", "purpose": "Let an agent explain retinoblastoma in general terms, relay genetics, signs, staging, treatment options and global survival gaps from ophthalmology and oncology sources, route warning signs to prompt medical assessment, describe the named forms, and distinguish retinoblastoma from Coats disease, uveal melanoma in adults and normal red reflex variation, without diagnosing individuals.", "definition": "A rare cancer of the retina that develops mostly in young children, usually before age five, caused by mutations in both copies of the RB1 gene, occurring as heritable or familial retinoblastoma, often bilateral, or non-heritable, usually unilateral, with trilateral retinoblastoma involving a pineal tumour as well; a white pupillary reflex called leukocoria, often seen in flash photographs, and a squint are common signs, survival exceeds 95 percent in high-income countries with early treatment but is much lower where diagnosis is late, and the RB1 gene was the first tumour suppressor gene cloned, in 1986. A child with a white pupil in photos or a new squint should see a doctor promptly.", "what_it_is_for": "Not applicable; a childhood eye cancer.", "affordances": [ "explain genetics and signs", "relay treatment options in general terms", "describe named forms", "route warning signs to clinicians" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Young children", "RB1 mutations", "Leukocoria", "Heritable and non-heritable forms" ], "appearance": "Leukocoria, a white glow in the pupil, or a squint; tumours seen on eye examination.", "visual_identification": [ "Childhood retinal cancer", "Familial, trilateral, bilateral, unilateral, intraocular and extraocular retinoblastoma", "Coats disease is a vascular disorder that can also cause leukocoria; uveal melanoma mostly affects adults; red reflex asymmetry can have other causes" ], "physical_properties": [ { "quantity": "RB1 gene cloned", "typical_range": "1986", "unit": "year", "note": "first tumour suppressor gene" }, { "quantity": "two-hit hypothesis", "typical_range": "1971", "unit": "year", "note": "Alfred Knudson" }, { "quantity": "survival in high-income countries", "typical_range": "over 95", "unit": "percent", "note": "lower where diagnosis is late" } ], "families_and_kinds": [ "unilateral and bilateral disease", "heritable retinoblastoma", "trilateral retinoblastoma", "intraocular and extraocular disease" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "retinal cancer", "why": "in registry terms" }, { "relation": "is caused by", "target": "RB1", "why": "mutations" }, { "relation": "presents with", "target": "leukocoria", "why": "" }, { "relation": "is contrasted with", "target": "Coats disease", "why": "" } ], "identifiers": [], "standards_and_regulation": [ "International Intraocular Retinoblastoma Classification and TNM staging", "Genetic counselling guidelines", "Red reflex screening recommendations" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Delayed diagnosis of leukocoria", "Diagnosing from photographs remotely", "Ignoring genetic counselling for families" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "understand", "name": "Understand", "description": "What retinoblastoma is.", "rationale": "Attribution.", "layers": [ { "id": "definition", "name": "Definition", "description": "Definition.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-finding", "name": "Definition", "description": "Definition.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does a child have a white pupil in photos, a new squint or a red painful eye, in which case see a doctor or eye specialist promptly?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "text": "What is retinoblastoma, and how does it differ from Coats disease, uveal melanoma and red reflex variation?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "forms", "name": "Forms", "description": "Named forms.", "findings": [ { "id": "forms-finding", "name": "Forms", "description": "Forms.", "questions": [ { "text": "What are familial, bilateral, unilateral, trilateral, intraocular and extraocular retinoblastoma?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Which entry fits the specific form?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "genetics", "name": "Genetics", "description": "Genetics.", "rationale": "Science.", "layers": [ { "id": "rb1", "name": "RB1", "description": "RB1 gene.", "findings": [ { "id": "rb1-finding", "name": "RB1", "description": "RB1.", "questions": [ { "text": "What is Knudson s two-hit hypothesis, and how does RB1 work?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which references are standard?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "family", "name": "Families", "description": "Genetic counselling.", "findings": [ { "id": "family-finding", "name": "Families", "description": "Families.", "questions": [ { "text": "Why do guidelines recommend genetic testing and screening for relatives?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which sources are cited?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "care", "name": "Care", "description": "Diagnosis and treatment.", "rationale": "Regulation.", "layers": [ { "id": "diagnosis", "name": "Diagnosis", "description": "Diagnosis and staging.", "findings": [ { "id": "diagnosis-finding", "name": "Diagnosis", "description": "Diagnosis.", "questions": [ { "text": "How is retinoblastoma diagnosed and staged, in general terms?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits red reflex test?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "treatment", "name": "Treatment", "description": "Treatment.", "findings": [ { "id": "treatment-finding", "name": "Treatment", "description": "Treatment.", "questions": [ { "text": "What treatments such as intra-arterial chemotherapy and enucleation are used, in general terms?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits paediatric oncology?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "context", "name": "Context", "description": "Global health.", "rationale": "Context.", "layers": [ { "id": "global", "name": "Survival gap", "description": "Global survival gap.", "findings": [ { "id": "global-finding", "name": "Survival gap", "description": "Survival gap.", "questions": [ { "text": "Why does survival differ so much between countries, as studies report?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Is the information current?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "awareness", "name": "Awareness", "description": "Awareness campaigns.", "findings": [ { "id": "awareness-finding", "name": "Awareness", "description": "Awareness.", "questions": [ { "text": "How do charities raise awareness of leukocoria in photos?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits Childhood Eye Cancer Trust?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should trilateral retinoblastoma be a separate entry?", "How should oncology guidelines be linked?", "How should global survival data be kept current?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "abstract concept", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a retinoblastoma, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Let an agent explain retinoblastoma in general terms, relay genetics, signs, staging, treatment options and global survival gaps from ophthalmology and oncology sources, route warning signs to prompt medical assessment, describe the named forms, and distinguish retinoblastoma from Coats disease, uveal melanoma in adults and normal red reflex variation, without diagnosing individuals.", "characteristics": { "substance": "abstract", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: familial retinoblastoma, trilateral retinoblastoma, bilateral retinoblastoma, unilateral retinoblastoma, intraocular retinoblastoma, extraocular retinoblastoma, relapsed retinoblastoma, sporadic retinoblastoma, non-hereditary retinoblastoma.", "9 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 37 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a retinoblastoma, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "an abstraction with no physical instance", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see. What is recognised is an instance of it, and which instances count is exactly what is argued about." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "familial retinoblastoma", "trilateral retinoblastoma", "bilateral retinoblastoma", "unilateral retinoblastoma", "intraocular retinoblastoma", "extraocular retinoblastoma", "relapsed retinoblastoma", "sporadic retinoblastoma", "non-hereditary retinoblastoma" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 37 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 9 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one retinoblastoma from another, and a retinoblastoma from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a retinoblastoma, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a retinoblastoma, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a retinoblastoma is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a retinoblastoma, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a retinoblastoma, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a retinoblastoma is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a retinoblastoma sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a retinoblastoma, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a retinoblastoma, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a retinoblastoma is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a retinoblastoma from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a retinoblastoma, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a retinoblastoma, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a retinoblastoma is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a retinoblastoma passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a retinoblastoma between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a retinoblastoma, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a retinoblastoma, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a retinoblastoma is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a retinoblastoma, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a retinoblastoma is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a retinoblastoma, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a retinoblastoma, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a retinoblastoma is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "definitions-in-contest", "name": "Definitions and who holds them", "description": "What retinoblastoma is taken to mean, and by whom.", "rationale": "When a field disagrees about a concept, the disagreement is the content. A model that picks one definition silently destroys the information.", "layers": [ { "id": "competing-definitions", "name": "Competing definitions", "description": "The main readings and the traditions behind them.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-map", "name": "Definitions and their holders", "description": "Each definition with the school or body that holds it.", "questions": [ { "id": "definition-map-q01", "text": "Which definitions of retinoblastoma are in use, and which tradition or body holds each?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "definition-map-q02", "text": "What turns on the difference between them in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "operationalisation", "name": "Operationalisation", "description": "How it is measured or applied when it has to be.", "findings": [ { "id": "operational-record", "name": "Measures and proxies", "description": "Instruments and indicators used to stand in for it.", "questions": [ { "id": "operational-record-q01", "text": "How is retinoblastoma operationalised or measured in practice, and by what instrument?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "operational-record-q02", "text": "What does that operationalisation leave out, and when does that matter?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "instances-and-use", "name": "Instances, use and consequence", "description": "What counts as an instance of retinoblastoma and what follows from calling something that.", "rationale": "Applying a concept is an act with consequences, so a model must say what the label licenses and what it does not.", "layers": [ { "id": "instances", "name": "What counts as an instance", "description": "Clear cases, borderline cases and non-cases.", "findings": [ { "id": "instance-tests", "name": "Tests for an instance", "description": "What would settle whether something falls under it.", "questions": [ { "id": "instance-tests-q01", "text": "What would settle whether something is an instance of retinoblastoma?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "instance-tests-q02", "text": "Which borderline cases are argued about, and on what grounds?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "consequence", "name": "Consequence of application", "description": "Rights, duties or decisions that follow from the label.", "findings": [ { "id": "consequence-record", "name": "What the label licenses", "description": "What an agent may do once something is classified this way.", "questions": [ { "id": "consequence-record-q01", "text": "What follows practically once something is treated as retinoblastoma?", "kind": "action" }, { "id": "consequence-record-q02", "text": "What must an agent not infer from the label alone?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a retinoblastoma came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a retinoblastoma and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a retinoblastoma, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a retinoblastoma, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a retinoblastoma is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a retinoblastoma is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a retinoblastoma, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a retinoblastoma, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a retinoblastoma is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 10, "findings": 12, "questions": 32 } } } }