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Research draft

Indigenous languages of the Americas

vr.tr.indigenous-languages-of-the-americas · INF.MED

Let an agent handle Indigenous languages of the Americas by family, community, vitality and revitalisation, respectfully and with community sources first.

Thing Registry Information and virtual systems

Research draft, second pass

A second pass drafted this model: the structure a model of this thing needs, and what is known about it in the world. The line under this one says how the second half was obtained - researched against sources, or recalled without web access, in which case nothing here was read anywhere and every claim is a lead to verify. Unreviewed either way.

written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify

Researched by: Claude

Purpose and description

Let an agent handle Indigenous languages of the Americas by family, community, vitality and revitalisation, respectfully and with community sources first.

The languages spoken by Indigenous peoples of the Americas, from Alaska to Tierra del Fuego, comprising many families and isolates such as Quechuan, Mayan, Uto-Aztecan, Tupian and Algonquian, many of them endangered.

What it is for: Languages of communities, carrying knowledge, identity and heritage.

It can be learn from community-approved resources; support revitalisation programmes; use correct names and autonyms; respect rights over language materials.

Distinguishing features

Very high linguistic diversity

Many families and isolates

Many endangered

Community rights over language data

What it looks like

Spoken, signed and written languages with many scripts and orthographies.

Physical character

number of languages: roughly 1000 languages - estimates vary by counting

language families: over 100 including isolates families - classifications vary

How it is recognised

Family and language names, preferably autonyms

ISO 639-3 codes

Extinct languages such as Ciguayo are known from records

Related models

is a kind of - category

indigenous language

is spoken by - communities

Indigenous peoples

is protected by - law

language rights law

is documented in - records

language archives

In practice

Families and kinds

Quechuan and Aymaran

Mayan

Uto-Aztecan

Tupian

Algonquian and Athabaskan

isolates

Identifiers

ISO 639-3 three-letter codes individual languages

Glottocode Glottolog identifiers languages and families

Standards and regulation

UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples Article 13

International Decade of Indigenous Languages 2022-2032

National language laws

Failure modes and hazards

Using outdated or offensive names

Extracting language data without consent

Treating families as single languages

Also called

Araucanianindigenous languages of MexicoComecrudanindigenous language of North AmericaCiguayoindigenous languages of South AmericaGarzaMamuliqueComecrudoCalusaNaolanChapacuranChimakuanChocoHoka-SiouxOtomiTrumaiCentral American Indian languagesAlazapaPalaihnihanChumashanKarukChitimachaChimarikoWintuanMazatlán MazatecXipayaMaskoy PidginAyautla MazatecLule–VilelaNambikwaranAlseanHibito–CholonTequistlatecanSalinanUrarinaMovimaHarákmbut–KatukinanBora–WitotoNadahup

+336

Where this came from

wikidata · CC0 1.0

Drafted structure

Bundle to layer to finding to question, as the second pass will find it: 4 bundles · 8 layers · 8 findings · 16 questions.

Classification Which language.

Families differ.

Family

Genetic grouping.

Family

Language family.

  1. Which family does the language belong to, under which classification? provenance
  2. Is the grouping disputed? boundary

Names

Autonyms.

Names

Names.

  1. What do speakers call their language? provenance
  2. Which names are outdated or offensive? boundary
Vitality Endangerment.

Many languages are endangered.

Speakers

Numbers.

Speakers

Speaker numbers.

  1. How many speakers, according to which census or survey? measurement
  2. Are children learning it? boundary

Status

Endangerment level.

Status

Endangerment.

  1. What is its vitality status? provenance
  2. Which scale is used? definition
Revitalisation Support.

Communities lead revitalisation.

Programmes

Schools and nests.

Programmes

Programmes.

  1. Which community-led programmes exist? provenance
  2. How can they be supported? action

Learning

Resources.

Learning

Learning resources.

  1. Which learning resources are community-approved? provenance
  2. Is there a standard orthography? definition
Rights Language and data.

Communities have rights.

Law

Official status.

Law

Legal status.

  1. Does the language have official or protected status? provenance
  2. Where? provenance

Data

Consent.

Data

Data sovereignty.

  1. Did the community consent to use of recordings or texts? boundary
  2. Which protocols apply? provenance

What the second pass must settle

  • Should each family be a separate entry?
  • How should autonyms be prioritised?
  • How should community data rights be represented?