{ "model": { "rank": 4125, "code": "thing-q53754", "model_id": "vr.tr.obsidian", "name": "obsidian", "purpose": "Enable an agent to identify obsidian as a natural volcanic glass, assess its condition and provenance, and judge its suitability for handling, analysis, working or conservation.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.MAT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q53754/", "tier": 2, "score": 78, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "Apache tears", "snowflake obsidian" ], "aliasCount": 2, "merged": 2, "knownIn": 78, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q53754", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q53754", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-09T19:31:35Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 19.1, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a087a6-8442-7602-808f-2d86a711738a\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: obsidian\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: PHY.OBJ\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 695 things:\n# Batch 004: 1001 registe", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 63.8, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a087a6-8437-7062-acf2-c5a8c6bb850a\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: obsidian\nRegistry id: vr.tr.obsidian\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.OBJ\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\n\nContex" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q53754", "registryId": "vr.tr.obsidian", "name": "obsidian", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.OBJ" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q53754/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.obsidian", "name": "obsidian", "purpose": "Enable an agent to identify obsidian as a natural volcanic glass, assess its condition and provenance, and judge its suitability for handling, analysis, working or conservation.", "definition": "Obsidian is a naturally occurring volcanic glass formed when lava, usually rich in silica, solidifies with little crystallization.", "scope_statement": "This model owns obsidian as a geological material and the material-level evidence recorded for specimens, fragments and worked pieces under vr.tr.obsidian in PHY / PHY.OBJ; it excludes the software product named Obsidian.", "in_scope": [ "Identification of natural volcanic glass and differentiation from visually similar materials", "Composition, glass texture, inclusions and visible varieties", "Geological origin, collection context and evidence for source attribution", "Fracture behaviour, hydration, weathering and specimen condition", "Material suitability for sampling, knapping, polishing, display and conservation" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Volcanoes, eruptions and lava flows as complete geological systems", "Manufactured glass, industrial slag and impact glass as separate material kinds", "Complete archaeological artefact typologies, cultural interpretation and ownership histories", "Finished jewellery designs and commercial product specifications", "Clinical performance or approval of instruments incorporating obsidian", "The Obsidian software application and its information-management functions" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Require evidence of natural volcanic origin alongside glass identification; colour and lustre alone cannot separate obsidian from manufactured glass or slag.", "Examine the matrix for predominantly glassy texture rather than the interlocking crystalline texture characteristic of many other igneous rocks.", "Record conchoidal fracture and potentially very sharp edges as supporting evidence, while recognising that these features also occur in other glasses and chert.", "Inspect vesicle abundance and distribution when distinguishing compact obsidian from highly vesicular volcanic glass such as pumice.", "Use composition, hydration features and petrographic evidence when distinctions from pitchstone, perlite or other volcanic glasses remain uncertain." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Identification confidence", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "unassessed | provisional | supported | disputed; supporting observations and methods", "why_it_matters": "Prevents a visual resemblance or seller label from becoming an unsupported material identification." }, { "name": "Major-element composition", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "oxide mass percentages; analytical method, uncertainty and normalisation basis", "why_it_matters": "Supports compositional classification and comparison without treating obsidian as a substance with one fixed chemical formula." }, { "name": "Glass and crystalline constituents", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "estimated glass and crystal fractions in volume percent, with method and uncertainty", "why_it_matters": "Helps distinguish a glass-dominated material from a crystalline rock and document partial crystallisation." }, { "name": "Vesicle abundance", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "volume percent where measured; otherwise a stated qualitative scale", "why_it_matters": "Informs identification, local weakness and comparison with other vesicular volcanic materials." }, { "name": "Optical appearance", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "observed colour, translucency, banding and sheen under specified lighting and specimen thickness", "why_it_matters": "Makes appearance reproducible and separates observations from variety names." }, { "name": "Inclusion and banding texture", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "observed crystals, spherulites, bubbles and flow bands; identification confidence", "why_it_matters": "Records internal features that can affect appearance, fracture and interpretation." }, { "name": "Geological source attribution", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "candidate outcrop or source population linked to comparison data, method and confidence", "why_it_matters": "Separates a tested source match from a collection locality or unverified provenance claim." }, { "name": "Fracture and edge condition", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "intact | chipped | fractured | edge-damaged; mapped cracks and exposed sharp edges", "why_it_matters": "Guides handling and determines whether working or sampling may propagate existing damage." }, { "name": "Hydration-rind thickness", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "micrometres; sampled surface, method, uncertainty and preparation history", "why_it_matters": "Records a surface alteration measurement without automatically converting it into an age." }, { "name": "Alteration condition", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "documented hydration, weathering, devitrification and surface deposits, with extent and evidence", "why_it_matters": "Distinguishes original material features from subsequent changes relevant to analysis and conservation." } ], "affordances": [ "Assess an obsidian identification using contextual, optical and analytical evidence.", "Compare a specimen with geological reference materials and report source-attribution confidence.", "Identify exposed sharp edges and choose protective handling and storage arrangements.", "Evaluate whether cracks, inclusions and banding permit a proposed knapping or polishing operation.", "Select an authorised sampling location that addresses the research question while limiting material loss.", "Document alteration and determine whether cleaning, conservation or further examination is appropriate." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "material-identity", "name": "Material identity", "description": "Establish whether the material is obsidian and resolve its boundaries with similar glasses and rocks.", "rationale": "Obsidian can resemble manufactured glass and other natural materials, so recognition requires more than a dark glossy surface.", "layers": [ { "id": "volcanic-glass-identification", "name": "Volcanic glass identification", "description": "Connect observable glass texture with evidence of geological formation.", "findings": [ { "id": "identity-evidence", "name": "Evidence for obsidian identity", "description": "Record the observations and contextual evidence supporting a natural volcanic glass identification.", "questions": [ { "text": "What observations establish a glass-dominated matrix, and which require microscopy or other analysis?", "kind": "definition", "id": "identity-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence supports volcanic origin rather than manufacture, industrial processing or impact formation?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "identity-evidence-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "neighbouring-material-boundaries", "name": "Neighbouring material boundaries", "description": "Resolve ambiguous classifications involving other volcanic glasses and superficially similar rocks.", "findings": [ { "id": "differential-identification", "name": "Differential identification", "description": "Record competing identifications and the evidence that could distinguish them.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which observations distinguish this specimen from chert, slag or manufactured glass when fracture and lustre overlap?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "differential-identification-q01" }, { "text": "Which classification authority and specimen evidence resolve a possible boundary with pumice, perlite or pitchstone?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "differential-identification-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "composition-and-texture", "name": "Composition and texture", "description": "Describe the glass matrix and internal features responsible for material variation.", "rationale": "Obsidian is compositionally and texturally variable; a single colour label cannot establish its properties or source.", "layers": [ { "id": "glass-composition", "name": "Glass composition", "description": "Capture measured chemistry and the limits of the sampled material.", "findings": [ { "id": "analytical-composition", "name": "Analytical composition", "description": "Record composition with sufficient method information to support valid comparisons.", "questions": [ { "text": "What major-element composition was measured, in which units and using which analytical method?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "analytical-composition-q01" }, { "text": "Does the measurement represent fresh glass, an altered surface or a mixture containing inclusions?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "analytical-composition-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "internal-and-optical-features", "name": "Internal and optical features", "description": "Describe crystals, bubbles, bands and optical effects without relying on trade terminology.", "findings": [ { "id": "texture-and-variety", "name": "Texture and variety evidence", "description": "Separate observable features from proposed explanations and variety labels.", "questions": [ { "text": "What crystals, spherulites, vesicles or flow bands are present, and how are their abundance and distribution established?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "texture-and-variety-q01" }, { "text": "What observed feature supports a label such as snowflake, rainbow or sheen obsidian, and is its physical cause verified?", "kind": "definition", "id": "texture-and-variety-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "geological-origin-and-source", "name": "Geological origin and source", "description": "Connect the material to formation context, collection location and tested source attribution.", "rationale": "A specimen's collection site, geological origin and inferred archaeological source are distinct claims.", "layers": [ { "id": "formation-and-occurrence", "name": "Formation and occurrence", "description": "Locate obsidian within its geological setting and distinguish primary from transported occurrences.", "findings": [ { "id": "occurrence-context", "name": "Occurrence context", "description": "Record the geological relationship of the sampled material to an outcrop, deposit or loose find.", "questions": [ { "text": "Was the specimen collected from an in-place volcanic unit, a secondary deposit or an undocumented location?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "occurrence-context-q01" }, { "text": "What mapped unit or formation evidence supports its origin, and how securely is that evidence linked to this specimen?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "occurrence-context-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "geochemical-source-attribution", "name": "Geochemical source attribution", "description": "Assess source comparisons using suitable reference coverage and comparable measurements.", "findings": [ { "id": "source-match-confidence", "name": "Source match confidence", "description": "Represent source assignments as evidence-based comparisons with explicit alternatives and limits.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which reference source populations and measured elements were used to attribute this obsidian?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "source-match-confidence-q01" }, { "text": "Do measurement uncertainty, within-source variation or missing candidate sources prevent a unique attribution?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "source-match-confidence-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "fracture-and-alteration", "name": "Fracture and alteration", "description": "Record mechanical discontinuities and changes to the glass and its surfaces.", "rationale": "Sharp fracture edges, hydration and crystallisation affect handling, analytical interpretation and preservation.", "layers": [ { "id": "fracture-condition", "name": "Fracture condition", "description": "Assess cracks, flakes and edge damage at the scale relevant to the next action.", "findings": [ { "id": "cracks-and-sharp-edges", "name": "Cracks and sharp edges", "description": "Locate existing discontinuities and exposed edges that constrain handling or working.", "questions": [ { "text": "Where are open cracks, incipient flakes and sharp edges, and what observations establish their extent?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "cracks-and-sharp-edges-q01" }, { "text": "How should the specimen be supported and contained to avoid edge contact or propagation of existing fractures?", "kind": "action", "id": "cracks-and-sharp-edges-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "glass-and-surface-alteration", "name": "Glass and surface alteration", "description": "Distinguish hydration, weathering and devitrification from original textures and later deposits.", "findings": [ { "id": "alteration-evidence", "name": "Alteration evidence", "description": "Record observed alteration and constrain interpretations that depend on surface history.", "questions": [ { "text": "What measurements or observations distinguish hydration, devitrification, weathering and removable surface deposits?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "alteration-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "If hydration is used to estimate age, what surface history, environmental assumptions and source-specific calibration support that estimate?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "alteration-evidence-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "working-analysis-and-preservation", "name": "Working, analysis and preservation", "description": "Translate obsidian-specific observations into justified working, sampling and conservation decisions.", "rationale": "Knapping, polishing and sampling can change fracture surfaces or remove evidence needed for later interpretation.", "layers": [ { "id": "working-suitability", "name": "Working suitability", "description": "Assess whether the material can support a proposed cutting, knapping or polishing operation.", "findings": [ { "id": "operation-material-fit", "name": "Fit between operation and material", "description": "Connect the desired result to internal flaws, texture and the consequences of material removal.", "questions": [ { "text": "How do specimen dimensions, cracks, inclusions and banding constrain the proposed knapping or polishing operation?", "kind": "action", "id": "operation-material-fit-q01" }, { "text": "What controls are needed for sharp fragments and generated dust during the specific operation?", "kind": "action", "id": "operation-material-fit-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-preserving-intervention", "name": "Evidence-preserving intervention", "description": "Choose analytical and conservation actions with awareness of diagnostic surfaces and irreversible changes.", "findings": [ { "id": "sampling-and-treatment-choice", "name": "Sampling and treatment choice", "description": "Record the purpose, authorisation and evidential consequences of sampling or treatment.", "questions": [ { "text": "Can the analytical question be answered without removing material, and if not, which authorised sample location preserves the most diagnostic evidence?", "kind": "action", "id": "sampling-and-treatment-choice-q01" }, { "text": "Would cleaning, coating or polishing modify a hydration surface, residue or fracture feature needed for future study?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "sampling-and-treatment-choice-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "This entry covers the geological material, not software or other products named Obsidian.", "Listed varieties are informal appearance or form categories, not separate mineral species; Apache tears are rounded obsidian nodules.", "Physical properties vary with composition and inclusions; hydration dating requires source-specific and environmental calibration." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of obsidian this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Black obsidian", "Mahogany obsidian", "Snowflake obsidian", "Rainbow obsidian", "Sheen obsidian", "Apache tears" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of obsidian this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Knapped cutting tools, projectile points and scrapers.", "Jewellery, beads, carvings and ornamental objects.", "Specialized blades for research and some surgical applications.", "Archaeological sourcing through comparison of elemental composition with known geological deposits.", "Obsidian hydration dating under conditions that account for environmental and material differences." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of obsidian this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Mohs hardness", "typical_range": "5-5.5", "unit": "Mohs scale" }, { "quantity": "Density", "typical_range": "2.3-2.6", "unit": "g/cm³" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of obsidian this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Brittle conchoidal fracture produces extremely sharp edges and fragments that can cause cuts.", "Impact or bending can chip or break tools and decorative objects.", "Knapping, cutting and grinding can eject fragments that injure eyes.", "Cutting and grinding generate dust requiring exposure control; its composition depends on the specimen.", "Hydration, weathering and devitrification can alter the glass over geological time." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of obsidian this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Deposits occur in volcanic regions including Iceland, the Mediterranean, East Africa, Japan and the Americas.", "Elemental composition varies among volcanic sources, enabling archaeological provenance studies where suitable reference data exist.", "Colour, inclusions and optical effects vary among deposits; many variety names are informal trade terms." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of obsidian this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Rhyolite", "difference": "Rhyolite denotes a silica-rich volcanic rock composition; obsidian denotes a predominantly glassy material, often of rhyolitic composition." }, { "name": "Pumice", "difference": "Pumice is strongly vesicular volcanic material, whereas typical obsidian is compact and has relatively few bubbles." }, { "name": "Pitchstone", "difference": "Pitchstone is volcanic glass generally distinguished by greater water content and a resinous rather than strongly glassy lustre." }, { "name": "Tektite", "difference": "Tektites are natural glasses formed from terrestrial material during meteorite impacts; obsidian forms through volcanic processes." }, { "name": "Manufactured glass", "difference": "Manufactured glass is produced by human processing; obsidian is naturally formed volcanic glass." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of obsidian this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Which geological classification authority should govern ambiguous boundaries between obsidian, pitchstone, perlite and partly crystallised volcanic glass?", "Which named obsidian varieties have well-supported diagnostic criteria, and which should remain unverified trade labels?", "Which source-reference datasets provide adequate geographical coverage and comparable analytical methods for the intended catalogue?", "Under what documented conditions can hydration measurements support age estimates, and how should their uncertainty be represented?", "Which conservation guidance and working procedures should govern obsidian specimens with fragile edges, altered surfaces or archaeological evidence?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 17, "questions": 27 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "chemical substance or material", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a obsidian, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an agent to identify obsidian as a natural volcanic glass, assess its condition and provenance, and judge its suitability for handling, analysis, working or conservation.", "characteristics": { "substance": "material", "origin": "natural", "agency": "inert", "mobility": "varies" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured", "consumed or used up" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: Apache tears, snowflake obsidian.", "2 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 78 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a obsidian, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "matter you can touch", "physicalCharacter": [ "Mobility varies between examples.", "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state", "use it up, and then need more of it" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Not recognisable by sight in any reliable way. Appearance varies with grade, form and additives; identification is by label, by documentation, or by assay." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "Apache tears", "snowflake obsidian" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 78 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 2 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one obsidian from another, and a obsidian from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a obsidian, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a obsidian, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a obsidian is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a obsidian, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a obsidian, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a obsidian is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a obsidian sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a obsidian, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a obsidian, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a obsidian is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a obsidian from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a obsidian, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a obsidian, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a obsidian is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a obsidian is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a obsidian, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a obsidian, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a obsidian is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Materials, parts and how they are put together.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and materials", "description": "What a obsidian is built from and which parts are replaceable.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a obsidian, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a obsidian, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a obsidian is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a obsidian is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a obsidian, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a obsidian, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a obsidian is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a obsidian is, how it got there and where it may go (varies).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a obsidian is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a obsidian, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a obsidian, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a obsidian is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a obsidian is carried, installed or relocated.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a obsidian, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a obsidian, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a obsidian is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a obsidian passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a obsidian between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a obsidian, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a obsidian, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a obsidian is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a obsidian, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a obsidian is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a obsidian, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a obsidian, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a obsidian is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "use-and-operation", "name": "Use and operation", "description": "What can be done with a obsidian and what it takes to do it.", "rationale": "An agent that can recognise a thing but not act on it has only half a model.", "layers": [ { "id": "intended-use", "name": "Intended use and function", "description": "What a obsidian is for, and what it is used for anyway.", "findings": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose", "name": "Function, purpose and misuse", "description": "The function a obsidian performs and the uses that fall outside it.", "questions": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the use of a obsidian, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the use of a obsidian, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the use of a obsidian is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "handling-and-procedure", "name": "Handling and procedure", "description": "The steps, skills and tools involved in using a obsidian.", "findings": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills", "name": "Procedures, skills and required tools", "description": "What an agent needs before it can act on a obsidian at all.", "questions": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes handling a obsidian, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about handling a obsidian, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once handling a obsidian is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "supply-and-consumption", "name": "Supply and consumption", "description": "Quantities, rates and what running out means.", "findings": [ { "id": "consumption-and-stock", "name": "Consumption, stock and replenishment", "description": "How much of a obsidian there is and how fast it goes.", "questions": [ { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the supply of a obsidian, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the supply of a obsidian, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the supply of a obsidian is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "composition-and-identity", "name": "Composition, grade and chemical identity", "description": "What obsidian is made of and how pure the thing in hand is.", "rationale": "Grade decides what a substance may be used for, so a model that records only the name cannot support any decision about use.", "layers": [ { "id": "chemical-identity", "name": "Chemical identity", "description": "Formula, structure and the registry numbers that name it unambiguously.", "findings": [ { "id": "identity-record", "name": "Identity and registry numbers", "description": "What identifies this substance across suppliers and regulators.", "questions": [ { "id": "identity-record-q01", "text": "What formula, structure and registry identifiers name obsidian unambiguously?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "identity-record-q02", "text": "Which related substances share a name in common use but not an identifier?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "grade-and-impurities", "name": "Grade, purity and impurities", "description": "The specification a batch meets and what else is in it.", "findings": [ { "id": "specification", "name": "Specification and assay", "description": "How purity is stated and measured, and which impurities matter.", "questions": [ { "id": "specification-q01", "text": "What grades of obsidian exist, how is purity assayed, and which impurities are limited?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "specification-q02", "text": "Which use requires which grade, and what happens when a lower grade is substituted?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "properties-and-behaviour", "name": "Properties and behaviour", "description": "How obsidian behaves under conditions an agent can measure or change.", "rationale": "Physical constants are the part of a substance model that transfers between contexts, and each needs its unit and its conditions.", "layers": [ { "id": "physical-constants", "name": "Physical constants", "description": "Values that hold for the pure substance, with their conditions.", "findings": [ { "id": "constants-record", "name": "Constants and conditions", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the state they apply in.", "questions": [ { "id": "constants-record-q01", "text": "What are the defining physical constants of obsidian, in what units and under what conditions?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "constants-record-q02", "text": "Which of these values change with grade or form rather than being fixed?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "stability-and-reactivity", "name": "Stability and reactivity", "description": "What it reacts with, degrades into, and how it is stored.", "findings": [ { "id": "incompatibilities", "name": "Incompatibilities and degradation", "description": "What must not meet it, and what it becomes over time.", "questions": [ { "id": "incompatibilities-q01", "text": "What is obsidian incompatible with, and what does it degrade into under storage?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "incompatibilities-q02", "text": "What storage and handling does that require, and who is competent to do it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "hazard-and-regulation", "name": "Hazard classification and regulation", "description": "How obsidian can harm, and what the law says about holding and moving it.", "rationale": "A substance model without its hazard class and its regulatory identity is unusable in exactly the situations that matter.", "layers": [ { "id": "hazard-class", "name": "Hazard classification", "description": "Classified hazards, exposure limits and protective measures.", "findings": [ { "id": "classified-hazards", "name": "Classified hazards and limits", "description": "The classification, the scheme it belongs to, and the limits set.", "questions": [ { "id": "classified-hazards-q01", "text": "How is obsidian classified for hazard, under which scheme, and what exposure limits apply?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "classified-hazards-q02", "text": "What protection does handling require, and what must an agent refuse to do without it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "regulatory-identity", "name": "Regulatory identity and control", "description": "Registration, restriction and transport rules by jurisdiction.", "findings": [ { "id": "controls", "name": "Controls and jurisdiction", "description": "Where it is restricted and what the restriction attaches to.", "questions": [ { "id": "controls-q01", "text": "Which registrations, restrictions or transport rules cover obsidian, and where?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "controls-q02", "text": "Does the control attach to the substance, its concentration, or its intended use?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a obsidian came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a obsidian and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a obsidian, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a obsidian, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a obsidian is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a obsidian is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a obsidian, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a obsidian, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a obsidian is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 9, "layers": 20, "findings": 22, "questions": 60 } } } }