{ "model": { "rank": 5033, "code": "thing-q55076544", "model_id": "vr.tr.cyanide", "name": "cyanide", "purpose": "Enable an agent to identify cyanide-bearing material, distinguish its chemical forms, assess the evidence for its condition and hazards, and determine which handling or assessment decisions require qualified review.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.MAT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q55076544/", "tier": 2, "score": 70, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "cyanogen bromide", "(¹⁵N)Cyanic bromide", "(¹³C)Cyanic bromide" ], "aliasCount": 3, "merged": 3, "knownIn": 70, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": "vr.tr.cyanide", "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q55076544", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55076544", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-09T21:31:09Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 22.5, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a08813-f39f-79e3-8702-ff8df3b16f69\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: cyanide\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: PHY.MAT\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 1001 things:\n# Batch 005: 1001 registe", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 65.7, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a08813-f390-7c70-a11f-2590404e20a4\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: cyanide\nRegistry id: vr.tr.cyanide\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.MAT\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\n\nContext " } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q55076544", "registryId": "vr.tr.cyanide", "name": "cyanide", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.MAT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q55076544/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.cyanide", "name": "cyanide", "purpose": "Enable an agent to identify cyanide-bearing material, distinguish its chemical forms, assess the evidence for its condition and hazards, and determine which handling or assessment decisions require qualified review.", "definition": "Cyanide is the carbon-nitrogen anion CN− and, by extension, a class of compounds containing this group, whose chemical behavior and toxicity depend on whether it is free, protonated, or bound in a complex.", "scope_statement": "This model owns cyanide at the family and constituent level, centred on the cyanide ion and its occurrence in salts, coordination complexes and mixtures; it links to hydrogen cyanide as a separately registered substance and does not treat every carbon-nitrogen-containing compound as equivalent.", "in_scope": [ "The intended chemical meaning of cyanide in a record, including ionic, coordinated and analytically defined forms", "Cyanide-bearing composition, counterions, complexing species, grade, purity and relevant impurities", "Physical state and environmental conditions that affect cyanide speciation or release", "Measured cyanide content, analytical definitions, uncertainty and sample provenance", "Species-specific hazard evidence, containment state and applicable regulatory identity" ], "out_of_scope": [ "The complete substance model for separately registered hydrogen cyanide", "Organic nitriles as a general compound family, without evidence that cyanide assessment applies", "Complete models of products, ores, wastes or effluents containing cyanide", "Industrial extraction, synthesis, plating or treatment processes", "Clinical diagnosis and treatment of cyanide poisoning", "Detailed operating procedures for producing, releasing or destroying cyanide" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "A record must identify cyanide as CN−, a cyanide ligand or an explicitly defined cyanide measurement; elemental carbon and nitrogen content alone is insufficient.", "A cyanide salt or coordination complex has an associated counterion or coordination identity; these cannot be omitted when assigning substance properties.", "Hydrogen cyanide is a distinct molecular substance with its own registry entry, although its relationship to cyanide speciation belongs here.", "An organic nitrile group does not by itself justify treating the compound as free cyanide.", "Free, total and other operationally defined cyanide results describe different analytical targets and are not interchangeable without supporting method evidence." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Cyanide identity and binding form", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "ionic cyanide | cyanide salt | coordinated cyanide | mixed forms | analytically defined cyanide | unresolved", "why_it_matters": "Determines which substance records, measurements and hazard evidence apply." }, { "name": "Counterion and coordination identity", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Linked counterion, central atom and identified compound or complex", "why_it_matters": "Distinguishes materials that share cyanide content but differ in properties and behaviour." }, { "name": "Cyanide content and reporting basis", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "mg/L, mg/kg, mol/L or mass fraction; specify whether reported as CN, HCN or a named compound", "why_it_matters": "Prevents comparisons or conversions that silently mix chemical and mass bases." }, { "name": "Analytical cyanide fraction", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "free | total | weak-acid-dissociable | other method-defined fraction | unspecified", "why_it_matters": "States what the reported result actually measures." }, { "name": "Grade, purity and impurities", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Declared grade; assay and impurity values in mass % or mg/kg, with method and uncertainty", "why_it_matters": "Supports suitability decisions and identifies constituents that may affect stability or measurement." }, { "name": "Matrix and physical state", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Identified solid, solution, slurry, gas-containing system or other matrix, with observation conditions", "why_it_matters": "A dissolved constituent cannot inherit the bulk properties of a pure salt." }, { "name": "Speciation conditions", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "pH where applicable, temperature in °C or K, and relevant matrix composition", "why_it_matters": "Provides context for interpreting chemical form and possible hydrogen cyanide presence." }, { "name": "Substance identifiers", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Verified CAS, PubChem CID, EC or jurisdictional identifiers attached to the exact identified entity", "why_it_matters": "Avoids assigning one member's identifiers to the entire cyanide family." }, { "name": "Hazard classification and exposure criteria", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Linked classification or limit with species, jurisdiction, source, date, units and averaging period", "why_it_matters": "Makes hazard and compliance judgments traceable to their actual scope." }, { "name": "Containment and assessment status", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Verified contained | suspected release | confirmed release | unassessed; include evidence timestamp", "why_it_matters": "Separates documented conditions from assumptions about safe handling." } ], "affordances": [ "Resolve an ambiguous cyanide label to a specific substance, complex or analytical target.", "Compare cyanide measurements after checking method, matrix, units and reporting basis.", "Link a cyanide-bearing material to the separate hydrogen cyanide model when relevant to its assessed condition.", "Flag missing identity, speciation or containment evidence that prevents a handling decision.", "Retrieve applicable classifications and exposure criteria for the identified form and jurisdiction.", "Route release concerns or proposed material changes to qualified safety review." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "cyanide-identity", "name": "Cyanide identity and registry boundary", "description": "Establishes what cyanide means in the particular record.", "rationale": "The family label alone does not identify a unique substance or justify transferring properties between members.", "layers": [ { "id": "chemical-sense", "name": "Chemical sense", "description": "Distinguishes ionic cyanide, salts, coordinated forms and analytical labels.", "findings": [ { "id": "identify-cyanide-form", "name": "Identify the cyanide form", "description": "Record the chemical entity or operational meaning supported by the available evidence.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does cyanide here denote CN−, a named salt, a coordination complex, a mixture or an analytical result?", "kind": "definition", "id": "identify-cyanide-form-q01" }, { "text": "Which label, composition record or analytical evidence supports that interpretation?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "identify-cyanide-form-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "neighbouring-substances", "name": "Neighbouring substances", "description": "Preserves the boundary with hydrogen cyanide and organic nitriles.", "findings": [ { "id": "link-without-duplicating", "name": "Link related substances without duplicating them", "description": "Keep species-specific ownership explicit when cyanide terminology crosses registry boundaries.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which information belongs to the separately registered hydrogen cyanide model, and which relationship must remain here?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "link-without-duplicating-q01" }, { "text": "If an organic nitrile is involved, what evidence makes cyanide assessment relevant beyond the presence of its nitrile group?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "link-without-duplicating-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "cyanide-bearing-composition", "name": "Cyanide-bearing composition", "description": "Records the material context in which cyanide occurs.", "rationale": "Counterions, coordination, purity and matrix determine which properties can meaningfully be attached to a record.", "layers": [ { "id": "compound-and-grade", "name": "Compound and grade", "description": "Identifies the specific compound and its supplied or observed composition.", "findings": [ { "id": "establish-material-identity", "name": "Establish material identity and assay", "description": "Associate identifiers and composition claims with the exact cyanide-bearing material.", "questions": [ { "text": "What counterion, coordination centre, formula and hydration state are established for this material?", "kind": "definition", "id": "establish-material-identity-q01" }, { "text": "What grade, assay and relevant impurities are documented, and by which source or method?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "establish-material-identity-q02" }, { "text": "Do the cited CAS, PubChem and EC identifiers refer to this exact form?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "establish-material-identity-q03" } ] } ] }, { "id": "matrix-and-bulk-properties", "name": "Matrix and bulk properties", "description": "Separates cyanide as a constituent from the physical properties of its host material.", "findings": [ { "id": "assign-properties-to-material", "name": "Assign physical properties to the correct material", "description": "Require composition and conditions before recording phase or characteristic constants.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is cyanide present in a pure compound, solution, ore, waste or another identified matrix?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "assign-properties-to-material-q01" }, { "text": "For any melting point, boiling point, solubility or decomposition observation, what exact material, units and conditions were measured?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "assign-properties-to-material-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "cyanide-speciation-and-change", "name": "Cyanide speciation and change", "description": "Tracks evidence about chemical form under the material's actual conditions.", "rationale": "A cyanide content value alone does not establish how cyanide is bound or whether hydrogen cyanide may be present.", "layers": [ { "id": "observed-speciation", "name": "Observed speciation", "description": "Connects reported forms to measured conditions and the limits of interpretation.", "findings": [ { "id": "record-speciation-evidence", "name": "Record speciation evidence", "description": "Distinguish directly measured species from inferred distributions.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which cyanide species were directly measured, and which were inferred from a chemical model?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "record-speciation-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "What pH, temperature, coordination chemistry and matrix evidence support those inferences?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "record-speciation-evidence-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-dependent-change", "name": "Condition-dependent change", "description": "Identifies changes that require reassessment of speciation or release potential.", "findings": [ { "id": "reassess-changing-conditions", "name": "Reassess changing conditions", "description": "Link documented or proposed changes to a qualified assessment of cyanide behaviour.", "questions": [ { "text": "What evidence addresses changes in cyanide binding or hydrogen cyanide presence under the observed storage or environmental conditions?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "reassess-changing-conditions-q01" }, { "text": "Which proposed changes in acidity, temperature, illumination or matrix composition require specialist review before action?", "kind": "action", "id": "reassess-changing-conditions-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "cyanide-measurement-evidence", "name": "Cyanide measurement evidence", "description": "Makes cyanide results interpretable and comparable.", "rationale": "Method-defined cyanide fractions, reporting bases and sample history can materially alter the meaning of a result.", "layers": [ { "id": "analytical-target", "name": "Analytical target", "description": "Defines the cyanide fraction and mass basis represented by each measurement.", "findings": [ { "id": "define-reported-result", "name": "Define the reported result", "description": "Preserve the method's target definition instead of collapsing all results into cyanide concentration.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does the method report free, total, weak-acid-dissociable or another defined cyanide fraction?", "kind": "definition", "id": "define-reported-result-q01" }, { "text": "What are the value, units, reporting basis, detection limit and measurement uncertainty?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "define-reported-result-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "sample-integrity", "name": "Sample integrity", "description": "Records whether sampling and analysis support the intended interpretation.", "findings": [ { "id": "qualify-result-reliability", "name": "Qualify result reliability", "description": "Carry sample history, method applicability and analytical limitations into decisions.", "questions": [ { "text": "What collection, preservation, transport and analysis records establish the sample's provenance and condition?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "qualify-result-reliability-q01" }, { "text": "Which matrix interferences, recovery results or possible sample changes limit interpretation?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "qualify-result-reliability-q02" }, { "text": "Are two results comparable in target fraction, method and reporting basis, or must comparison remain unresolved?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "qualify-result-reliability-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "cyanide-hazards-and-decisions", "name": "Cyanide hazards and permitted decisions", "description": "Connects the identified material and its condition to sourced hazard assessments and action constraints.", "rationale": "Neither the cyanide family name nor a single concentration supports a complete safety or regulatory judgment.", "layers": [ { "id": "applicable-hazard-evidence", "name": "Applicable hazard evidence", "description": "Scopes classifications and limits to the relevant substance, mixture and jurisdiction.", "findings": [ { "id": "scope-classifications-and-limits", "name": "Scope classifications and limits", "description": "Attach authoritative hazard information only where its chemical and regulatory scope matches.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which current classification or safety data source applies to this exact cyanide compound or mixture?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "scope-classifications-and-limits-q01" }, { "text": "Which exposure or environmental criterion applies, with what jurisdiction, species basis, units and averaging period?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "scope-classifications-and-limits-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "containment-and-action-gates", "name": "Containment and action gates", "description": "Uses documented condition and established controls to determine whether an action can proceed.", "findings": [ { "id": "determine-review-and-escalation", "name": "Determine review and escalation", "description": "Represent containment evidence, qualified authorization and unresolved hazards without embedding hazardous operating procedures.", "questions": [ { "text": "What current observations establish containment status or indicate a suspected release?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "determine-review-and-escalation-q01" }, { "text": "What approved controls and qualified authorization are required for the proposed handling, transfer or disposal action?", "kind": "action", "id": "determine-review-and-escalation-q02" }, { "text": "Which missing evidence or observed condition requires stopping the proposed action and invoking the established safety response?", "kind": "action", "id": "determine-review-and-escalation-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "The unqualified registry name is ambiguous between the cyanide anion and the broader class of cyanide compounds; this description covers both without treating them as one pure substance.", "Melting point, boiling point, purity specifications, exposure limits, and regulatory classifications require a specified compound or mixture.", "This is recalled knowledge without consulted sources; analytical distinctions between free, available, and total cyanide should be checked against the intended measurement method." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of cyanide this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Simple cyanide salts, such as sodium cyanide and potassium cyanide", "Metal-cyanide coordination complexes", "Free cyanide, an analytical category encompassing CN− and hydrogen cyanide" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of cyanide this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "Chemical formula", "value_or_pattern": "CN−", "note": "Identifies the cyanide anion; individual cyanide compounds have separate formulas." }, { "scheme": "CAS Registry Number", "value_or_pattern": "57-12-5", "note": "Identifies the cyanide anion, not every cyanide-containing substance." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of cyanide this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "United Nations Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS); classification depends on the particular compound and formulation.", "European Union Classification, Labelling and Packaging (CLP) Regulation; substance-specific classifications apply.", "United States OSHA Hazard Communication Standard; covers hazard communication for hazardous cyanide substances and mixtures." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of cyanide this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Extraction of gold and silver through formation of soluble metal-cyanide complexes", "Metal electroplating using cyanide-containing baths", "Chemical synthesis using cyanide as a reagent", "Metal coordination chemistry and manufacture of certain pigments" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of cyanide this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Molar mass of the cyanide anion", "typical_range": "Approximately 26.02", "unit": "g/mol" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of cyanide this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Bioavailable cyanide inhibits mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase, impairing cellular oxygen use and potentially causing rapidly fatal poisoning.", "Acidification of solutions containing free cyanide can release highly toxic hydrogen cyanide gas.", "Toxic exposure can occur through inhalation, ingestion, or skin absorption, depending on the compound and exposure conditions.", "Cyanide-containing releases can harm aquatic organisms; effects depend strongly on chemical form and environmental conditions.", "Treating all cyanide complexes as equally toxic, or assuming that complexation guarantees safety, can produce serious assessment errors." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of cyanide this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Occupational exposure limits, transport requirements, and environmental discharge limits differ by jurisdiction and chemical species.", "Permitting and restrictions on cyanide use in mining vary between countries and subnational jurisdictions." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of cyanide this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "hydrogen cyanide", "difference": "HCN is a specific neutral molecular compound and the conjugate acid of CN−; it warrants substance-specific physical properties and hazards." }, { "name": "sodium cyanide", "difference": "NaCN is a particular cyanide salt with its own composition, identifiers, and physical properties." }, { "name": "nitrile", "difference": "A nitrile contains a covalently attached carbon-nitrogen triple-bond group, usually written R-C≡N; that group does not by itself establish the presence of free cyanide." }, { "name": "cyanate", "difference": "Cyanate is OCN− and contains oxygen; it is chemically distinct from CN−." }, { "name": "thiocyanate", "difference": "Thiocyanate is SCN− and contains sulfur; it is chemically distinct from CN−." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of cyanide this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Does the originating registry intend cyanide specifically as CN−, as a compound family or as a broader analytical category?", "Does an existing world model already own this concept, requiring a registry link instead of a separate publication?", "Which authoritative sources establish the included salt and coordination-complex boundaries and their identifiers?", "Which analytical definitions and methods should be supported for the intended matrices, and under what conditions can their results be compared?", "Which jurisdictions and material forms must the first researched publication cover for classifications, exposure criteria and disposal constraints?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 19, "questions": 32 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "chemical substance or material", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a cyanide, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an agent to identify cyanide-bearing material, distinguish its chemical forms, assess the evidence for its condition and hazards, and determine which handling or assessment decisions require qualified review.", "characteristics": { "substance": "material", "origin": "natural", "agency": "inert", "mobility": "varies" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured", "consumed or used up" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: cyanogen bromide, (¹⁵N)Cyanic bromide, (¹³C)Cyanic bromide.", "3 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 70 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a cyanide, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "matter you can touch", "physicalCharacter": [ "Mobility varies between examples.", "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state", "use it up, and then need more of it" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Not recognisable by sight in any reliable way. Appearance varies with grade, form and additives; identification is by label, by documentation, or by assay." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "cyanogen bromide", "(¹⁵N)Cyanic bromide", "(¹³C)Cyanic bromide" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 70 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 3 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one cyanide from another, and a cyanide from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a cyanide, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a cyanide, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a cyanide is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a cyanide, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a cyanide, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a cyanide is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a cyanide sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a cyanide, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a cyanide, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a cyanide is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a cyanide from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a cyanide, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a cyanide, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a cyanide is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a cyanide is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a cyanide, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a cyanide, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a cyanide is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Materials, parts and how they are put together.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and materials", "description": "What a cyanide is built from and which parts are replaceable.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a cyanide, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a cyanide, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a cyanide is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a cyanide is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a cyanide, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a cyanide, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a cyanide is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a cyanide is, how it got there and where it may go (varies).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a cyanide is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a cyanide, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a cyanide, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a cyanide is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a cyanide is carried, installed or relocated.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a cyanide, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a cyanide, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a cyanide is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a cyanide passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a cyanide between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a cyanide, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a cyanide, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a cyanide is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a cyanide, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a cyanide is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a cyanide, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a cyanide, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a cyanide is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "use-and-operation", "name": "Use and operation", "description": "What can be done with a cyanide and what it takes to do it.", "rationale": "An agent that can recognise a thing but not act on it has only half a model.", "layers": [ { "id": "intended-use", "name": "Intended use and function", "description": "What a cyanide is for, and what it is used for anyway.", "findings": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose", "name": "Function, purpose and misuse", "description": "The function a cyanide performs and the uses that fall outside it.", "questions": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the use of a cyanide, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the use of a cyanide, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the use of a cyanide is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "handling-and-procedure", "name": "Handling and procedure", "description": "The steps, skills and tools involved in using a cyanide.", "findings": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills", "name": "Procedures, skills and required tools", "description": "What an agent needs before it can act on a cyanide at all.", "questions": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes handling a cyanide, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about handling a cyanide, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once handling a cyanide is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "supply-and-consumption", "name": "Supply and consumption", "description": "Quantities, rates and what running out means.", "findings": [ { "id": "consumption-and-stock", "name": "Consumption, stock and replenishment", "description": "How much of a cyanide there is and how fast it goes.", "questions": [ { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the supply of a cyanide, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the supply of a cyanide, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the supply of a cyanide is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "composition-and-identity", "name": "Composition, grade and chemical identity", "description": "What cyanide is made of and how pure the thing in hand is.", "rationale": "Grade decides what a substance may be used for, so a model that records only the name cannot support any decision about use.", "layers": [ { "id": "chemical-identity", "name": "Chemical identity", "description": "Formula, structure and the registry numbers that name it unambiguously.", "findings": [ { "id": "identity-record", "name": "Identity and registry numbers", "description": "What identifies this substance across suppliers and regulators.", "questions": [ { "id": "identity-record-q01", "text": "What formula, structure and registry identifiers name cyanide unambiguously?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "identity-record-q02", "text": "Which related substances share a name in common use but not an identifier?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "grade-and-impurities", "name": "Grade, purity and impurities", "description": "The specification a batch meets and what else is in it.", "findings": [ { "id": "specification", "name": "Specification and assay", "description": "How purity is stated and measured, and which impurities matter.", "questions": [ { "id": "specification-q01", "text": "What grades of cyanide exist, how is purity assayed, and which impurities are limited?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "specification-q02", "text": "Which use requires which grade, and what happens when a lower grade is substituted?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "properties-and-behaviour", "name": "Properties and behaviour", "description": "How cyanide behaves under conditions an agent can measure or change.", "rationale": "Physical constants are the part of a substance model that transfers between contexts, and each needs its unit and its conditions.", "layers": [ { "id": "physical-constants", "name": "Physical constants", "description": "Values that hold for the pure substance, with their conditions.", "findings": [ { "id": "constants-record", "name": "Constants and conditions", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the state they apply in.", "questions": [ { "id": "constants-record-q01", "text": "What are the defining physical constants of cyanide, in what units and under what conditions?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "constants-record-q02", "text": "Which of these values change with grade or form rather than being fixed?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "stability-and-reactivity", "name": "Stability and reactivity", "description": "What it reacts with, degrades into, and how it is stored.", "findings": [ { "id": "incompatibilities", "name": "Incompatibilities and degradation", "description": "What must not meet it, and what it becomes over time.", "questions": [ { "id": "incompatibilities-q01", "text": "What is cyanide incompatible with, and what does it degrade into under storage?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "incompatibilities-q02", "text": "What storage and handling does that require, and who is competent to do it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "hazard-and-regulation", "name": "Hazard classification and regulation", "description": "How cyanide can harm, and what the law says about holding and moving it.", "rationale": "A substance model without its hazard class and its regulatory identity is unusable in exactly the situations that matter.", "layers": [ { "id": "hazard-class", "name": "Hazard classification", "description": "Classified hazards, exposure limits and protective measures.", "findings": [ { "id": "classified-hazards", "name": "Classified hazards and limits", "description": "The classification, the scheme it belongs to, and the limits set.", "questions": [ { "id": "classified-hazards-q01", "text": "How is cyanide classified for hazard, under which scheme, and what exposure limits apply?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "classified-hazards-q02", "text": "What protection does handling require, and what must an agent refuse to do without it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "regulatory-identity", "name": "Regulatory identity and control", "description": "Registration, restriction and transport rules by jurisdiction.", "findings": [ { "id": "controls", "name": "Controls and jurisdiction", "description": "Where it is restricted and what the restriction attaches to.", "questions": [ { "id": "controls-q01", "text": "Which registrations, restrictions or transport rules cover cyanide, and where?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "controls-q02", "text": "Does the control attach to the substance, its concentration, or its intended use?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a cyanide came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a cyanide and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a cyanide, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a cyanide, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a cyanide is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a cyanide is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a cyanide, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a cyanide, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a cyanide is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 9, "layers": 20, "findings": 22, "questions": 60 } } } }