{ "model": { "rank": 13305, "code": "thing-q551800", "model_id": "vr.tr.ticket", "name": "ticket", "purpose": "Let an agent explain what tickets are and how they work, identify the kind of ticket and its issuer, relay conditions, refund and consumer rights in general terms, and route questions about a specific ticket to the issuer.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Information and virtual systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "INF", "domain": "INF.MED", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q551800/", "tier": 2, "score": 38, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "wristband ticket", "betting slip", "sports lottery ticket", "passenger ticket", "raffle ticket", "Shokken", "event ticket", "tour pass", "electronic ticket", "Chuck E. Cheese ticket", "ticketing at the 2006 FIFA World Cup", "ride ticket", "museum card", "lottery ticket", "season ticket", "admission ticket", "suggested donation", "Plusbus", "America the Beautiful Pass", "Green Car Ticket", "one day pass", "Subway, Bus One-Day Pass", "Railway discount tickets", "Deutschlandticket", "National tariff system", "bus card", "EgroNet", "ferry ticket", "train ticket", "social ticket", "Kilometerboekjes", "AMS BUS", "Nationale Strippenkaart", "SwissPass", "Quer-durchs-Land-Ticket", "additional ticket", "JoJo kort", "OV-chipkaart", "Carte orange", "Met-Elkaartje" ], "aliasCount": 62, "merged": 62, "knownIn": 38, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": "vr.tr.ticket-attribute", "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q551800", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q551800", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-12T21:34:01Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 3, "engine": "claude" }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q551800", "registryId": "vr.tr.ticket", "name": "ticket", "version": "0.2.0-wave.3", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "INF.MED" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q551800/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.ticket", "name": "ticket", "purpose": "Let an agent explain what tickets are and how they work, identify the kind of ticket and its issuer, relay conditions, refund and consumer rights in general terms, and route questions about a specific ticket to the issuer.", "definition": "A document, physical or digital, that records a right to a service, entry or participation, such as travel on a train or flight, admission to an event or venue, or a stake in a lottery or bet; tickets carry identifying data and conditions, are issued by an operator or organiser, and are checked at the point of use.", "what_it_is_for": "Proving a right to travel, entry or participation.", "affordances": [ "identify the kind of ticket and issuer", "explain how tickets are issued, checked and validated", "relay conditions and consumer rights in general terms", "route specific ticket questions to the issuer" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Right to a defined service or entry", "Issuer, conditions and validity period", "Machine-readable codes in modern forms", "Transferable or personal by rule" ], "appearance": "A paper slip, card or digital code with event or journey details, price, seat and a barcode or QR code.", "visual_identification": [ "Records a right to a service or entry", "Issued by an operator or organiser with conditions", "A receipt proves payment; a voucher promises a future service; a licence grants a permission" ], "physical_properties": [], "families_and_kinds": [ "passenger tickets for rail, air, bus and ferry", "admission tickets for events and venues", "lottery and raffle tickets and betting slips", "season and multi-ride tickets", "digital and mobile tickets", "wristbands and other physical tokens" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "document", "why": "a record of a right" }, { "relation": "is issued by", "target": "transport operator", "why": "or an event organiser" }, { "relation": "is checked by", "target": "ticket inspection", "why": "at the point of use" }, { "relation": "is related to", "target": "reservation", "why": "the booking it may embody" } ], "identifiers": [ { "scheme": "ticket number", "value_or_pattern": "issuer specific", "note": "" }, { "scheme": "barcode or QR code", "value_or_pattern": "encoded reference", "note": "for validation" } ], "standards_and_regulation": [ "Passenger rights regulations for transport tickets", "Consumer protection and refund rules", "Rules on ticket resale and touting", "IATA and rail industry ticketing standards" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Fraud and counterfeit tickets", "Unfair resale and pricing", "Loss of non-transferable tickets", "Confusing tickets with receipts or vouchers" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identify", "name": "Identify", "description": "What ticket this is.", "rationale": "Identity.", "layers": [ { "id": "kind", "name": "Kind", "description": "Kind and issuer.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-finding", "name": "Kind", "description": "Kind.", "questions": [ { "text": "What kind of ticket is it, who issued it, and what does it entitle the holder to?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Is the document a ticket, a receipt, a voucher or a licence?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "data", "name": "Data", "description": "Ticket data.", "findings": [ { "id": "data-finding", "name": "Data", "description": "Data.", "questions": [ { "text": "What data does the ticket carry, and how is it validated?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Which entry fits the specific issuer?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "rules", "name": "Rules", "description": "Conditions and rights.", "rationale": "Regulation.", "layers": [ { "id": "conditions", "name": "Conditions", "description": "Conditions of use.", "findings": [ { "id": "conditions-finding", "name": "Conditions", "description": "Conditions.", "questions": [ { "text": "What conditions on validity, transfer and refund apply, in general terms?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Is the user asking about a specific ticket, which needs the issuer?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "rights", "name": "Rights", "description": "Consumer and passenger rights.", "findings": [ { "id": "rights-finding", "name": "Rights", "description": "Rights.", "questions": [ { "text": "What consumer and passenger rights apply to tickets in a given jurisdiction?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits passenger rights?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "systems", "name": "Systems", "description": "Ticketing systems.", "rationale": "Technology.", "layers": [ { "id": "issuing", "name": "Issuing", "description": "Issuing and distribution.", "findings": [ { "id": "issuing-finding", "name": "Issuing", "description": "Issuing.", "questions": [ { "text": "How are tickets issued and distributed, from counters to apps?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits ticketing systems?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "fraud", "name": "Fraud", "description": "Fraud and resale.", "findings": [ { "id": "fraud-finding", "name": "Fraud", "description": "Fraud.", "questions": [ { "text": "How are counterfeit tickets and unfair resale addressed?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits ticket resale?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "context", "name": "Context", "description": "History and collecting.", "rationale": "Context.", "layers": [ { "id": "history", "name": "History", "description": "History.", "findings": [ { "id": "history-finding", "name": "History", "description": "History.", "questions": [ { "text": "How did tickets develop from paper to digital forms?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which references are standard?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "collecting", "name": "Collecting", "description": "Collecting.", "findings": [ { "id": "collecting-finding", "name": "Collecting", "description": "Collecting.", "questions": [ { "text": "How are tickets collected and studied as ephemera?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits ephemera?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should transport and admission tickets be separate entries?", "How should passenger rights be linked by mode and country?", "The registry entry has merged aliases naming specific ticket types and a Japanese meal ticket; should they be split off?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "work, medium or creative form", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a ticket, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Let an agent explain what tickets are and how they work, identify the kind of ticket and its issuer, relay conditions, refund and consumer rights in general terms, and route questions about a specific ticket to the issuer.", "characteristics": { "substance": "information", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "read and interpreted", "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: wristband ticket, betting slip, sports lottery ticket, passenger ticket, raffle ticket, Shokken, event ticket, tour pass, electronic ticket, Chuck E. Cheese ticket, ticketing at the 2006 FIFA World Cup, ride ticket.", "62 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 38 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a ticket, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "content that has to be carried by something else", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "read it and act on what it says", "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "What is seen is a copy or a performance, not the work. Recognising the work means recognising the content through whatever is carrying it." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "wristband ticket", "betting slip", "sports lottery ticket", "passenger ticket", "raffle ticket", "Shokken", "event ticket", "tour pass", "electronic ticket", "Chuck E. Cheese ticket", "ticketing at the 2006 FIFA World Cup", "ride ticket" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 38 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 62 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one ticket from another, and a ticket from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a ticket, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a ticket, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a ticket is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a ticket, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a ticket, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a ticket is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a ticket sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a ticket, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a ticket, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a ticket is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a ticket from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a ticket, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a ticket, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a ticket is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a ticket passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a ticket between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a ticket, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a ticket, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a ticket is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a ticket, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a ticket is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a ticket, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a ticket, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a ticket is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "content-and-access", "name": "Content, encoding and access", "description": "What a ticket says, how it is encoded and who may read it.", "rationale": "An informational thing carries content that can be copied, versioned and withheld, none of which its physical carrier explains.", "layers": [ { "id": "content-and-encoding", "name": "Content and encoding", "description": "The content itself, its format and its language.", "findings": [ { "id": "content-and-format", "name": "Content, format and language", "description": "What a ticket contains and in what form it is held.", "questions": [ { "id": "content-and-format-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the content of a ticket, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "content-and-format-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the content of a ticket, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "content-and-format-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the content of a ticket is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "access-and-rights", "name": "Access, rights and retention", "description": "Who may read, copy or change it, and for how long it is kept.", "findings": [ { "id": "access-rules", "name": "Access rules and retention", "description": "The permissions attached to a ticket and the period it survives.", "questions": [ { "id": "access-rules-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes access to a ticket, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "access-rules-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about access to a ticket, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "access-rules-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once access to a ticket is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "work-and-manifestation", "name": "Work, version and copy", "description": "Which level of ticket a statement is about.", "rationale": "The work, the edition, the file and the copy in hand are four things; rights and content attach to different ones.", "layers": [ { "id": "levels", "name": "Levels of the thing", "description": "Work, expression, manifestation and item, in plain terms.", "findings": [ { "id": "level-rules", "name": "What belongs at each level", "description": "Which facts hold for the work and which only for one copy.", "questions": [ { "id": "level-rules-q01", "text": "For ticket, which facts belong to the work itself, which to a version, and which to a single copy?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "level-rules-q02", "text": "What identifier exists at each level, and which one is being cited?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "versions", "name": "Versions, editions and variants", "description": "How versions differ and which is canonical to whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "version-record", "name": "Versions and canonicity", "description": "Differences that matter and who calls one authoritative.", "questions": [ { "id": "version-record-q01", "text": "Which versions or editions of ticket exist, and how do they differ substantively?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "version-record-q02", "text": "Who treats which version as authoritative, and for what purpose?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "authorship-and-rights", "name": "Authorship, rights and permitted use", "description": "Who made ticket and what may be done with it.", "rationale": "Rights are jurisdictional, time-limited and attached to a level, and an agent that ignores that will copy what it may not.", "layers": [ { "id": "authorship", "name": "Authorship and contribution", "description": "Who contributed what, and in what capacity.", "findings": [ { "id": "contribution-record", "name": "Contributors and roles", "description": "The people and bodies behind it, with their roles.", "questions": [ { "id": "contribution-record-q01", "text": "Who authored or contributed to ticket, in what roles, and how is that attested?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "contribution-record-q02", "text": "Where authorship is disputed or anonymous, what is recorded instead?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "rights", "name": "Rights and permissions", "description": "Which rights subsist, where, until when, and what they permit.", "findings": [ { "id": "rights-record", "name": "Rights, term and permitted acts", "description": "The regime in force and what it allows.", "questions": [ { "id": "rights-record-q01", "text": "What rights subsist in ticket, in which jurisdictions, and until when?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "rights-record-q02", "text": "Which acts are permitted without further permission, and which must an agent refuse?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a ticket came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a ticket and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a ticket, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a ticket, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a ticket is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a ticket is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a ticket, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a ticket, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a ticket is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 12, "findings": 14, "questions": 38 } } } }