{ "model": { "rank": 456, "code": "thing-q571", "model_id": "vr.tr.book", "name": "book", "purpose": "Let an agent keep the work, the edition and the copy apart, so that rights, citations and availability attach to the right one.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Information and virtual systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "INF", "domain": "INF.MED", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q571/", "tier": 2, "score": 280, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "book of remembrance", "DAISY disc", "online book", "directory service", "comic book", "Official Directory of the Principality of Monaco", "metadirectory", "face book", "comic book issue", "Tomb Raider comics", "24-hour comic", "Star Trek comic", "ashcan copy", "Franco-Belgian comics magazines", "American comic book", "Chick tract", "one-shot", "DirXML", "kakochō", "individual copy of a book", "Cardinal Principles of Secondary Education", "sample book", "incunable", "handbook", "atlas", "art guide", "grammar book", "textbooks", "school atlas", "technical manual", "educational book", "oath book", "bunkobon", "lost book", "medical book", "Old Testament apocrypha", "tactile book", "audiobook", "Kotenseki", "copier cards" ], "aliasCount": 384, "merged": 385, "knownIn": 280, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": "vr.tr.book-3", "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q571", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q571", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-10T19:51:17Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 1, "engine": "claude" }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q571", "registryId": "vr.tr.book", "name": "book", "version": "0.2.0-wave.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "INF.MED" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q571/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.book", "name": "book", "purpose": "Let an agent keep the work, the edition and the copy apart, so that rights, citations and availability attach to the right one.", "definition": "A work of text or images issued as a bounded whole, published in one or more editions, and held either as a physical volume or as a file.", "what_it_is_for": "Carrying a bounded body of content from an author to readers, in a form that can be cited, lent, sold and kept.", "affordances": [ "read it", "cite it, which requires the edition rather than the work", "lend, sell or give a copy, which is not the same as licensing the work", "copy it, within limits set by rights", "annotate a copy, which changes that copy and nothing else" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "A bounded whole with an editorial identity, which separates it from a periodical issue or a loose collection", "The work, the edition and the copy are three things, and each has different rights and different identifiers", "Published, which separates it from a manuscript with the same content" ], "appearance": "As a physical object, a bound block of pages between covers, from pocket size to folio. As a file, nothing to see: the appearance belongs to the reader software.", "visual_identification": [ "A physical copy carries the edition on its title page and its imprint, and the cover often disagrees with both", "The ISBN identifies the edition, not the work, and a work with many editions has many", "For a file, the only reliable identification is metadata and a checksum, not what it looks like on screen" ], "physical_properties": [ { "quantity": "extent", "typical_range": "32-1000", "unit": "pages", "note": "below about 48 pages it is usually catalogued as a pamphlet" }, { "quantity": "mass", "typical_range": "150-1500", "unit": "g", "note": "physical copies only" }, { "quantity": "file size", "typical_range": "0.3-50", "unit": "MB", "note": "text against illustrated" } ], "families_and_kinds": [ "by content: fiction, non-fiction, reference, textbook, children", "by form: hardback, paperback, ebook, audiobook, print-on-demand", "by status: in print, out of print, public domain, orphan work" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "work, medium or creative form", "why": "inherits the work-version-copy distinction" }, { "relation": "is confused with", "target": "edition", "why": "ISBNs, prices and availability belong to the edition" }, { "relation": "contains", "target": "text", "why": "the content is separable from the carrier and can be reissued in another" }, { "relation": "regulated by", "target": "copyright regime", "why": "decides who may copy, translate and adapt it, and until when" } ], "identifiers": [ { "scheme": "ISBN", "value_or_pattern": "13 digits", "note": "identifies an edition and format, not the work" }, { "scheme": "ISNI or authority record", "value_or_pattern": "library authority", "note": "identifies the author, which is how works are gathered" }, { "scheme": "DOI", "value_or_pattern": "10.xxxx/...", "note": "used for scholarly books and chapters" } ], "standards_and_regulation": [ "ISBN standard, administered nationally under an international agency", "Copyright law, whose term and exceptions differ by jurisdiction", "Legal deposit requirements, which oblige publishers to lodge copies", "Library cataloguing rules, which define what counts as a new edition" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Edition confusion, where a citation points at content that differs from what the reader has", "Out of print and unavailable, which is a supply failure rather than a rights one", "Orphan works, where the rights holder cannot be found and use stays unlawful", "Format obsolescence for files, where the carrier outlives the software that reads it" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "work-edition-copy", "name": "Work, edition and copy", "description": "Which level a statement is about.", "rationale": "Nearly every mistake about books is a statement about the wrong level, and the levels have different identifiers and different owners.", "layers": [ { "id": "levels", "name": "The three levels", "description": "What belongs to the work, the edition and the copy.", "findings": [ { "id": "levels-finding", "name": "Level assignment", "description": "Which facts hold at which level.", "questions": [ { "text": "For this book, which facts belong to the work, which to the edition, and which to a single copy?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "text": "Which identifier names each level, and which is being cited?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "editions", "name": "Editions and variants", "description": "How editions differ and which is authoritative.", "findings": [ { "id": "editions-finding", "name": "Edition differences", "description": "Substantive differences and who treats which as canonical.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which editions of this book exist and how do they differ substantively?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Who treats which edition as authoritative, and for what purpose?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "content-and-structure", "name": "Content and structure", "description": "What is in it and how it is organised.", "rationale": "A book is navigated rather than read straight through, and its structure is what citation and search depend on.", "layers": [ { "id": "structure", "name": "Internal structure", "description": "Chapters, sections, apparatus and pagination.", "findings": [ { "id": "structure-finding", "name": "Structure and citation units", "description": "The units a reader and a citation can address.", "questions": [ { "text": "How is this book structured, and what unit can a citation address?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "What happens to that unit in a format without fixed pages?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "language-and-subject", "name": "Language and subject", "description": "What it is about and in what language.", "findings": [ { "id": "language-and-subject-finding", "name": "Subject and language", "description": "Classification and language of the text.", "questions": [ { "text": "What is the language of this text, and which classification schemes place its subject?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Where do classification schemes disagree about it?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "rights-and-permission", "name": "Rights and permission", "description": "Who may do what with it.", "rationale": "Rights are jurisdictional, time-limited and attached to a level, and an agent that ignores that will copy what it may not.", "layers": [ { "id": "rights-status", "name": "Rights status", "description": "What subsists, where, and until when.", "findings": [ { "id": "rights-status-finding", "name": "Subsisting rights", "description": "The regime in force and its term.", "questions": [ { "text": "What rights subsist in this book, in which jurisdictions, until when?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Who holds them now, and how is that established?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "permitted-acts", "name": "Permitted acts", "description": "Copying, quoting, translating, lending.", "findings": [ { "id": "permitted-acts-finding", "name": "What is permitted without asking", "description": "Acts allowed by exception or licence.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which acts are permitted without further permission, and under which exception?", "kind": "action" }, { "text": "Which acts must an agent refuse or escalate?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "availability-and-holding", "name": "Availability and holding", "description": "Where a copy can be got and who has one.", "rationale": "A book that cannot be obtained is a different practical object from one that can, and availability changes without the book changing.", "layers": [ { "id": "availability", "name": "Availability", "description": "In print, licensed, borrowable or unavailable.", "findings": [ { "id": "availability-finding", "name": "Current availability", "description": "How a copy can be obtained now.", "questions": [ { "text": "How can a copy of this book be obtained, and on what terms?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "What changes when it goes out of print or a licence lapses?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "holdings", "name": "Holdings and preservation", "description": "Who holds copies and how they are kept.", "findings": [ { "id": "holdings-finding", "name": "Holdings and durability", "description": "Where copies are and what preserves them.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which institutions hold this book, and under what deposit or preservation duty?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "What is the preservation risk for the format it is held in?", "kind": "measurement" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should the registry model the work, the edition and the copy as three entries or as one with levels?", "How should translations be represented - as editions of one work or as works of their own?", "What identifies a digital copy well enough to cite it when there is no page and no fixed layout?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "work, medium or creative form", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a book, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Let an agent keep the work, the edition and the copy apart, so that rights, citations and availability attach to the right one.", "characteristics": { "substance": "information", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "read and interpreted", "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: book of remembrance, DAISY disc, online book, directory service, comic book, Official Directory of the Principality of Monaco, metadirectory, face book, comic book issue, Tomb Raider comics, 24-hour comic, Star Trek comic.", "385 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 280 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a book, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "content that has to be carried by something else", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "read it and act on what it says", "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "What is seen is a copy or a performance, not the work. Recognising the work means recognising the content through whatever is carrying it." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "book of remembrance", "DAISY disc", "online book", "directory service", "comic book", "Official Directory of the Principality of Monaco", "metadirectory", "face book", "comic book issue", "Tomb Raider comics", "24-hour comic", "Star Trek comic" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 280 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 385 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one book from another, and a book from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a book, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a book, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a book is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a book, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a book, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a book is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a book sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a book, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a book, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a book is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a book from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a book, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a book, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a book is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a book passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a book between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a book, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a book, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a book is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a book, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a book is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a book, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a book, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a book is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "content-and-access", "name": "Content, encoding and access", "description": "What a book says, how it is encoded and who may read it.", "rationale": "An informational thing carries content that can be copied, versioned and withheld, none of which its physical carrier explains.", "layers": [ { "id": "content-and-encoding", "name": "Content and encoding", "description": "The content itself, its format and its language.", "findings": [ { "id": "content-and-format", "name": "Content, format and language", "description": "What a book contains and in what form it is held.", "questions": [ { "id": "content-and-format-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the content of a book, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "content-and-format-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the content of a book, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "content-and-format-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the content of a book is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "access-and-rights", "name": "Access, rights and retention", "description": "Who may read, copy or change it, and for how long it is kept.", "findings": [ { "id": "access-rules", "name": "Access rules and retention", "description": "The permissions attached to a book and the period it survives.", "questions": [ { "id": "access-rules-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes access to a book, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "access-rules-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about access to a book, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "access-rules-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once access to a book is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "work-and-manifestation", "name": "Work, version and copy", "description": "Which level of book a statement is about.", "rationale": "The work, the edition, the file and the copy in hand are four things; rights and content attach to different ones.", "layers": [ { "id": "levels", "name": "Levels of the thing", "description": "Work, expression, manifestation and item, in plain terms.", "findings": [ { "id": "level-rules", "name": "What belongs at each level", "description": "Which facts hold for the work and which only for one copy.", "questions": [ { "id": "level-rules-q01", "text": "For book, which facts belong to the work itself, which to a version, and which to a single copy?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "level-rules-q02", "text": "What identifier exists at each level, and which one is being cited?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "versions", "name": "Versions, editions and variants", "description": "How versions differ and which is canonical to whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "version-record", "name": "Versions and canonicity", "description": "Differences that matter and who calls one authoritative.", "questions": [ { "id": "version-record-q01", "text": "Which versions or editions of book exist, and how do they differ substantively?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "version-record-q02", "text": "Who treats which version as authoritative, and for what purpose?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "authorship-and-rights", "name": "Authorship, rights and permitted use", "description": "Who made book and what may be done with it.", "rationale": "Rights are jurisdictional, time-limited and attached to a level, and an agent that ignores that will copy what it may not.", "layers": [ { "id": "authorship", "name": "Authorship and contribution", "description": "Who contributed what, and in what capacity.", "findings": [ { "id": "contribution-record", "name": "Contributors and roles", "description": "The people and bodies behind it, with their roles.", "questions": [ { "id": "contribution-record-q01", "text": "Who authored or contributed to book, in what roles, and how is that attested?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "contribution-record-q02", "text": "Where authorship is disputed or anonymous, what is recorded instead?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "rights", "name": "Rights and permissions", "description": "Which rights subsist, where, until when, and what they permit.", "findings": [ { "id": "rights-record", "name": "Rights, term and permitted acts", "description": "The regime in force and what it allows.", "questions": [ { "id": "rights-record-q01", "text": "What rights subsist in book, in which jurisdictions, and until when?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "rights-record-q02", "text": "Which acts are permitted without further permission, and which must an agent refuse?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a book came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a book and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a book, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a book, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a book is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a book is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a book, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a book, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a book is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 12, "findings": 14, "questions": 38 } } } }