official
Let an agent explain what officials are across government, organisations and sport, describe their powers and accountability, identify officials with sources, and support questions about official roles and conduct.
Research draft, second pass
A second pass drafted this model: the structure a model of this thing needs, and what is known about it in the world. The line under this one says how the second half was obtained - researched against sources, or recalled without web access, in which case nothing here was read anywhere and every claim is a lead to verify. Unreviewed either way.
written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify
Researched by: Claude
Purpose and description
Let an agent explain what officials are across government, organisations and sport, describe their powers and accountability, identify officials with sources, and support questions about official roles and conduct.
A person who holds an office or position of authority in a government, organisation or institution and carries out duties on its behalf, such as civil servants, elected and appointed officeholders, corporate officers, sports officials such as referees and judges, and officials of associations; officials act under rules defining their powers and accountability, and the term is used in law, administration and sport.
What it is for: Holders of offices with authority.
It can be explain kinds of official; describe powers and accountability; identify officials; support questions on conduct.
Distinguishing features
Office-based authority
Rules and accountability
Public or private
Multiple domains
What it looks like
Not physical; a role.
How it is recognised
Holds an office and acts for an institution
Government, organisation or sport
An employee without office is not an official; an officer may be military
Related models
is a kind of - category
is related to - a corporate official
is related to - an organisational official
is related to - appointed officials on bodies
In practice
Families and kinds
civil servants and public officials
elected and appointed officeholders
corporate and organisational officials
sports officials such as referees and judges
international officials
Standards and regulation
Public service law and codes of conduct
Anti-corruption rules
Sports officiating regulations
Failure modes and hazards
Corruption and abuse of office
Confusing officials with employees or officers
Harassment of sports officials
Where this came from
wikidata · CC0 1.0
Also registered as vr.tr.official
Drafted structure
Bundle to layer to finding to question, as the second pass will find it: 4 bundles · 8 layers · 8 findings · 16 questions.
Understand What officials are.
Definitions.
Kinds
Kinds and domains.
Kinds
Kinds.
- What kinds of officials exist in government, organisations and sport, and how do their roles differ? definition
- Which domain is meant here? boundary
Powers
Powers and accountability.
Powers
Powers.
- How are the powers of officials defined and limited, and how are they held accountable? provenance
- Which entry fits public administration? action
Conduct Conduct and integrity.
Law.
Codes
Codes of conduct.
Codes
Codes.
- What codes of conduct and anti-corruption rules govern public officials here? provenance
- Is legal advice needed from a professional? boundary
Complaints
Complaints about officials.
Complaints
Complaints.
- How can misconduct by officials be reported, and which bodies investigate? provenance
- Which entry fits ombudsman? action
Sport Sports officials.
Practice.
Officiating
Referees and judges.
Officiating
Officiating.
- How are referees and judges trained, appointed and assessed, and how is officiating integrity protected? provenance
- Which entry fits a specific sport officiating? action
Abuse
Abuse of officials.
Abuse
Abuse.
- What is documented about abuse of sports officials, and what measures address it? provenance
- Which entry fits sports integrity? action
Learn History and teaching.
Education.
History
History of officialdom.
History
History.
- How did professional officials and civil services develop, according to historians? provenance
- Which references are standard? provenance
Teach
Teaching.
Teach
Teaching.
- How can the role of officials be taught in civics and management? action
- Which misconceptions arise? provenance
What the second pass must settle
- Should each kind of official be a separate entry?
- How should conduct codes be linked?
- How should officiating bodies be linked?