{ "model": { "rank": 4217, "code": "thing-q620730", "model_id": "vr.tr.glycine", "name": "glycine", "purpose": "Enable an agent to identify glycine, assess the condition and suitability of a particular material, and determine which uses or handling actions its evidence supports.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.MAT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q620730/", "tier": 2, "score": 77, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "glycinium", "glycinate", "Glycine-2-13C", "Glycine-2-13C,15N", "(¹³C₂)Glycine", "(2-¹⁴C)Glycine", "(¹³C₂,¹⁵N)Glycine", "(1-¹³C)Glycine", "Glycine-1-14C", "Glycine-15N" ], "aliasCount": 10, "merged": 10, "knownIn": 77, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": "vr.tr.glycine", "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q620730", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q620730", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-09T19:44:07Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 24.1, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a087b1-faad-7e33-8fc6-92c7ec922818\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: glycine\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: PHY.MAT\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 695 things:\n# Batch 004: 1001 register", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 64.9, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a087b1-fab1-7553-8075-f11aa780c247\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: glycine\nRegistry id: vr.tr.glycine\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.MAT\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\n\nContext " } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q620730", "registryId": "vr.tr.glycine", "name": "glycine", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.MAT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q620730/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.glycine", "name": "glycine", "purpose": "Enable an agent to identify glycine, assess the condition and suitability of a particular material, and determine which uses or handling actions its evidence supports.", "definition": "Glycine is the achiral α-amino acid NH₂CH₂COOH, the simplest proteinogenic amino acid, which occurs predominantly as a zwitterion in its crystalline form and in aqueous solution near neutral pH.", "scope_statement": "This model owns glycine as the chemical substance aminoacetic acid and the identity, composition, physical state, quality and use constraints of glycine material associated with registry entry vr.tr.glycine in PHY / PHY.MAT.", "in_scope": [ "Molecular identity, chemical identifiers and distinctions from glycine salts, derivatives and residues", "Lot-specific glycine content, impurities, moisture and documented grade", "Solid form, solution speciation and physical properties under stated conditions", "Biochemical roles that affect recognition and intended-use suitability", "Evidence governing storage, handling, hazards and permitted material uses" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Finished supplements, medicines, foods and cosmetic formulations containing glycine", "Manufacturing processes and their equipment, except their effects on material quality", "Proteins and peptides containing covalently bound glycine residues", "Glycine salts, metal complexes and chemically modified derivatives as independent substances", "Clinical treatment protocols, dosing recommendations and claims of therapeutic efficacy" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Glycine has the connectivity NH2-CH2-COOH and molecular formula C2H5NO2; formula matching alone does not establish this connectivity.", "Its alpha carbon bears two hydrogen atoms, so glycine lacks the alpha-carbon stereocentre found in other standard proteinogenic amino acids.", "Sarcosine has an N-methyl group and alanine has an alpha-carbon methyl group; neither is glycine.", "Free glycine must be distinguished from a glycine residue incorporated into a peptide through covalent bonds.", "A material containing a glycine-derived ion and a counterion must be distinguished from glycine itself and from ordinary pH-dependent speciation in solution." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Chemical identity", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Aminoacetic acid; C2H5NO2; verified structure and identifier mappings", "why_it_matters": "Prevents substitution with similarly named amino acids, derivatives or salts." }, { "name": "Glycine assay", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "% mass fraction, with analytical method and as-received or dry-basis designation", "why_it_matters": "Determines actual glycine content and whether a lot meets its intended specification." }, { "name": "Water content", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "% mass fraction, with method; distinguish water measurement from loss on drying", "why_it_matters": "Affects assay interpretation, weighing and material acceptance." }, { "name": "Impurity profile", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Named impurities in mg/kg or % mass fraction, with detection limits and methods", "why_it_matters": "An overall assay does not identify contaminants that can disqualify a lot." }, { "name": "Physical and crystalline form", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Solid or dissolved; alpha, beta, gamma, mixed or unverified crystalline form where applicable", "why_it_matters": "Form affects interpretation of diffraction, thermal behaviour and processing observations." }, { "name": "Solution conditions", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Glycine concentration in mol/L or g/L; pH; temperature in °C; solvent and ionic strength", "why_it_matters": "Charge-state distribution and solubility cannot be assessed without the solution conditions." }, { "name": "Thermal behaviour", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Transition or decomposition temperature in °C, with method, atmosphere and heating rate", "why_it_matters": "Prevents a decomposition event from being treated as an ordinary melting or boiling point." }, { "name": "Grade and conformance", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Supplier-declared grade; named specification and edition; tested, conforming, nonconforming or unverified", "why_it_matters": "Chemical identity alone does not establish suitability for food, pharmaceutical or analytical use." }, { "name": "Material provenance", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Supplier, manufacturer, lot, certificate of analysis and linked test reports", "why_it_matters": "Connects suitability decisions to the specific material and supporting evidence." }, { "name": "Hazard and regulatory assessment", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Jurisdiction, assessment date, applicable SDS, classification and exposure-limit status", "why_it_matters": "Distinguishes verified handling requirements from assumptions based on glycine's biological occurrence." } ], "affordances": [ "Resolve a material label to glycine and flag evidence suggesting a salt, derivative or mixture.", "Compare a lot's assay and contaminants against a named intended-use specification.", "Calculate glycine quantities for solution preparation using the documented assay and moisture basis.", "Interpret solution charge states and solid-form measurements under recorded conditions.", "Select storage and handling actions supported by the lot's documentation and applicable requirements.", "Hold or reject material when identity, quality or intended-use evidence is insufficient." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "glycine-identity", "name": "Glycine identity", "description": "Establish what counts as glycine and resolve its identifiers without extending the entry to neighbouring substances.", "rationale": "Glycine appears as a free amino acid, a solution species, a peptide residue and part of named salts; these require explicit boundaries.", "layers": [ { "id": "molecular-recognition", "name": "Molecular recognition", "description": "Recognise aminoacetic acid by structure and supporting identity evidence.", "findings": [ { "id": "aminoacetic-acid-identity", "name": "Aminoacetic acid identity", "description": "Record the connectivity NH2-CH2-COOH, formula C2H5NO2 and absence of an alpha-carbon stereocentre as identity criteria.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does the reported structure establish aminoacetic acid rather than sarcosine, alanine or another compound?", "kind": "definition", "id": "aminoacetic-acid-identity-q01" }, { "text": "Which authoritative records verify the CAS number, PubChem CID and EC number for this exact chemical identity?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "aminoacetic-acid-identity-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "free-glycine-boundaries", "name": "Free glycine boundaries", "description": "Separate glycine material from covalently bound residues, derivatives and separately identified salts.", "findings": [ { "id": "species-and-substance-boundary", "name": "Species and substance boundary", "description": "Distinguish pH-dependent protonation of dissolved glycine from a separately supplied salt or complex, and free glycine from peptide-bound residues.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does the material contain free glycine, a glycine salt or complex, or covalently bound glycine residues?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "species-and-substance-boundary-q01" }, { "text": "Does the analytical result measure free glycine or total glycine released by sample hydrolysis?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "species-and-substance-boundary-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "glycine-lot-quality", "name": "Glycine lot quality", "description": "Represent the composition and acceptance evidence of a particular glycine lot.", "rationale": "Two materials labelled glycine can differ in water, contaminants and verified suitability despite sharing molecular identity.", "layers": [ { "id": "assay-and-contaminants", "name": "Assay and contaminants", "description": "Establish glycine content and the impurities relevant to the intended use.", "findings": [ { "id": "interpretable-composition", "name": "Interpretable composition", "description": "Record assay basis, water measurement and separately measured contaminants so a purity claim can support material decisions.", "questions": [ { "text": "What is the glycine assay, by which method, and is it reported on an as-received or dry basis?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "interpretable-composition-q01" }, { "text": "Which amino-acid impurities, residual processing chemicals, elemental contaminants or microbial attributes require separate testing for this use?", "kind": "action", "id": "interpretable-composition-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "grade-and-lot-evidence", "name": "Grade and lot evidence", "description": "Connect grade claims to an explicit specification and the supplied lot.", "findings": [ { "id": "documented-conformance", "name": "Documented conformance", "description": "Treat food, pharmaceutical, reagent and other grade descriptions as claims requiring their own acceptance evidence.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which named specification and edition define the claimed glycine grade?", "kind": "definition", "id": "documented-conformance-q01" }, { "text": "Does the certificate of analysis identify this lot and substantiate every acceptance criterion needed for its intended use?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "documented-conformance-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "glycine-physical-state", "name": "Glycine physical state", "description": "Describe crystalline glycine and dissolved glycine using properties tied to measurement conditions.", "rationale": "Glycine's crystal form, ionic character and thermal decomposition make unqualified property values inadequate.", "layers": [ { "id": "crystals-and-thermal-events", "name": "Crystals and thermal events", "description": "Identify solid form and distinguish phase transitions from decomposition.", "findings": [ { "id": "verified-solid-form", "name": "Verified solid form", "description": "Allow alpha, beta, gamma, mixed and unverified form assignments only at the level supported by the sample evidence.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which diffraction or other validated measurements support the assigned glycine polymorph?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "verified-solid-form-q01" }, { "text": "Does a reported thermal temperature describe melting, a solid-state transition or decomposition, and under what measurement conditions?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "verified-solid-form-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "dissolution-and-speciation", "name": "Dissolution and speciation", "description": "Represent glycine concentration, solubility and protonation under explicit solution conditions.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-dependent-solution-state", "name": "Condition-dependent solution state", "description": "Record solvent, temperature, pH and ionic environment before interpreting glycine's dissolved amount or charge-state distribution.", "questions": [ { "text": "What solvent, temperature and concentration define the solution, and is undissolved glycine present?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "condition-dependent-solution-state-q01" }, { "text": "Which supported acid-dissociation data apply to estimating cationic, zwitterionic and anionic glycine under these conditions?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "condition-dependent-solution-state-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "glycine-biochemical-context", "name": "Glycine biochemical context", "description": "Capture biological relationships needed to interpret glycine measurements and material-use claims.", "rationale": "Glycine's roles as a protein constituent, metabolic participant and signalling molecule can otherwise be confused with evidence about a supplied product.", "layers": [ { "id": "biological-pools", "name": "Biological pools", "description": "Distinguish free glycine measurements from glycine incorporated into biological macromolecules.", "findings": [ { "id": "free-and-incorporated-glycine", "name": "Free and incorporated glycine", "description": "Relate glycine to protein incorporation and metabolism while retaining the measured pool and biological context.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which organism, tissue or sample compartment contains the glycine being described?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "free-and-incorporated-glycine-q01" }, { "text": "What sample preparation and assay distinguish the free glycine pool from protein-derived glycine?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "free-and-incorporated-glycine-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "role-and-use-evidence", "name": "Role and use evidence", "description": "Connect biochemical roles to evidence without turning those roles into unsupported material-use claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "biological-role-interpretation", "name": "Biological role interpretation", "description": "Record the specific pathway or receptor context behind a glycine role and separately assess evidence for the proposed application.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which pathway, receptor or experimental system supports the stated biochemical role of glycine?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "biological-role-interpretation-q01" }, { "text": "What additional application-specific evidence is required before that role supports the proposed use of this glycine material?", "kind": "action", "id": "biological-role-interpretation-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "glycine-handling-and-use", "name": "Glycine handling and use", "description": "Determine storage, handling and use constraints from the actual material and applicable evidence.", "rationale": "Biological familiarity does not establish powder-handling conditions, lot integrity or permission for a regulated use.", "layers": [ { "id": "handling-and-storage", "name": "Handling and storage", "description": "Assess powder exposure, contamination and deterioration during storage or transfer.", "findings": [ { "id": "material-specific-handling", "name": "Material-specific handling", "description": "Use the supplied material's safety documentation and observed condition to establish handling controls and continued acceptability.", "questions": [ { "text": "What controls does the applicable SDS require for glycine dust, eye contact, spills and incompatible conditions?", "kind": "action", "id": "material-specific-handling-q01" }, { "text": "Have packaging damage, moisture exposure, caking or contamination triggered a need to retest this lot?", "kind": "action", "id": "material-specific-handling-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "jurisdiction-and-use-status", "name": "Jurisdiction and use status", "description": "Separate chemical hazard assessment from permission to use a particular grade in a particular application.", "findings": [ { "id": "verified-use-constraints", "name": "Verified use constraints", "description": "Attach hazard classification, exposure-limit findings and application requirements to a jurisdiction, date and exact material identity.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which current authoritative sources establish the applicable GHS classification and any glycine-specific or general dust exposure limits?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "verified-use-constraints-q01" }, { "text": "Does the intended food, pharmaceutical, laboratory or industrial use require specifications or authorisations beyond this lot's documented grade?", "kind": "action", "id": "verified-use-constraints-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "This is recalled knowledge, not a researched source review; the sense covered is the chemical substance.", "Check current supplier safety data and applicable jurisdictional rules before assigning a GHS classification, exposure limit or authorized use.", "Verify grade-specific specifications and temperature-dependent physical constants; the listed pKa values are approximate and depend on solution conditions." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of glycine this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "α-glycine crystalline polymorph", "β-glycine crystalline polymorph", "γ-glycine crystalline polymorph", "Pharmaceutical-grade glycine", "Food-grade glycine", "Reagent-grade glycine" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of glycine this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "CAS Registry Number", "value_or_pattern": "56-40-6", "note": "Identity of glycine; does not specify purity or crystalline polymorph." }, { "scheme": "PubChem CID", "value_or_pattern": "750", "note": "Compound identifier for glycine." }, { "scheme": "EC number", "value_or_pattern": "200-272-2", "note": "European chemical inventory identifier." }, { "scheme": "IUPAC nomenclature", "value_or_pattern": "2-aminoacetic acid", "note": "Glycine is the retained name; aminoethanoic acid is another systematic name." }, { "scheme": "Amino-acid residue codes", "value_or_pattern": "Gly; G", "note": "Three-letter and one-letter codes used in protein sequences." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of glycine this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "United States Pharmacopeia-National Formulary: the United States Pharmacopeial Convention publishes a Glycine monograph specifying pharmaceutical quality requirements." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of glycine this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Constituent of proteins, particularly abundant in collagen.", "Metabolic precursor used in the biosynthesis of heme, purines, creatine and glutathione.", "Inhibitory neurotransmitter and co-agonist at NMDA receptors.", "Component of laboratory buffers, including electrophoresis buffers.", "Ingredient in pharmaceutical and food formulations where the relevant grade and permitted use are satisfied." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of glycine this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Molar mass", "typical_range": "75.07", "unit": "g/mol" }, { "quantity": "First acid dissociation constant, pKa, in water", "typical_range": "Approximately 2.34 near 25 °C", "unit": "dimensionless" }, { "quantity": "Second acid dissociation constant, pKa, in water", "typical_range": "Approximately 9.60 near 25 °C", "unit": "dimensionless" }, { "quantity": "Isoelectric point", "typical_range": "Approximately 5.97", "unit": "pH" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of glycine this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Airborne powder can cause mechanical irritation of the eyes and respiratory tract.", "Strong heating causes decomposition, so an ordinary boiling point is not an appropriate handling constant.", "Material with unsuitable impurities or microbial contamination may fail food or pharmaceutical specifications despite having the correct chemical identity.", "Changes in crystalline polymorph can affect solid-state properties and processing behavior." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of glycine this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Food and pharmaceutical uses depend on jurisdiction-specific permissions and quality specifications; chemical identity alone does not establish suitability." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of glycine this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Alanine", "difference": "Alanine has a methyl side chain and a stereogenic α-carbon; glycine has hydrogen as its side chain and is achiral." }, { "name": "Sarcosine", "difference": "Sarcosine is N-methylglycine, with a methyl group replacing one hydrogen on glycine's amino nitrogen." }, { "name": "Betaine", "difference": "In the glycine-betaine sense, it is trimethylglycine with a permanently charged quaternary ammonium group." }, { "name": "Glycinate salts", "difference": "These contain deprotonated glycine associated with a counterion or metal; their composition and identifiers differ from glycine itself." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of glycine this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Which authoritative identity records confirm the CAS, PubChem and EC mappings, and does an existing Vercy model already cover glycine?", "Which reference measurements should govern polymorph identification, solubility and thermal behaviour, including whether conventional melting or boiling values are applicable?", "Which acid-dissociation values and activity assumptions are appropriate across the solution conditions this model must support?", "Which grade specifications and impurity limits are required for the intended applications, and which lot-specific records are available?", "What current jurisdiction-specific hazard classifications, exposure limits and use requirements apply to the exact glycine material being assessed?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 19, "questions": 29 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "chemical substance or material", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a glycine, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an agent to identify glycine, assess the condition and suitability of a particular material, and determine which uses or handling actions its evidence supports.", "characteristics": { "substance": "material", "origin": "natural", "agency": "inert", "mobility": "varies" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured", "consumed or used up" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: glycinium, glycinate, Glycine-2-13C, Glycine-2-13C,15N, (¹³C₂)Glycine, (2-¹⁴C)Glycine, (¹³C₂,¹⁵N)Glycine, (1-¹³C)Glycine, Glycine-1-14C, Glycine-15N.", "10 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 77 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a glycine, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "matter you can touch", "physicalCharacter": [ "Mobility varies between examples.", "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state", "use it up, and then need more of it" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Not recognisable by sight in any reliable way. Appearance varies with grade, form and additives; identification is by label, by documentation, or by assay." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "glycinium", "glycinate", "Glycine-2-13C", "Glycine-2-13C,15N", "(¹³C₂)Glycine", "(2-¹⁴C)Glycine", "(¹³C₂,¹⁵N)Glycine", "(1-¹³C)Glycine", "Glycine-1-14C", "Glycine-15N" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 77 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 10 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one glycine from another, and a glycine from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a glycine, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a glycine, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a glycine is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a glycine, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a glycine, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a glycine is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a glycine sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a glycine, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a glycine, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a glycine is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a glycine from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a glycine, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a glycine, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a glycine is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a glycine is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a glycine, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a glycine, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a glycine is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Materials, parts and how they are put together.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and materials", "description": "What a glycine is built from and which parts are replaceable.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a glycine, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a glycine, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a glycine is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a glycine is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a glycine, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a glycine, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a glycine is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a glycine is, how it got there and where it may go (varies).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a glycine is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a glycine, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a glycine, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a glycine is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a glycine is carried, installed or relocated.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a glycine, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a glycine, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a glycine is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a glycine passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a glycine between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a glycine, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a glycine, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a glycine is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a glycine, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a glycine is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a glycine, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a glycine, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a glycine is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "use-and-operation", "name": "Use and operation", "description": "What can be done with a glycine and what it takes to do it.", "rationale": "An agent that can recognise a thing but not act on it has only half a model.", "layers": [ { "id": "intended-use", "name": "Intended use and function", "description": "What a glycine is for, and what it is used for anyway.", "findings": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose", "name": "Function, purpose and misuse", "description": "The function a glycine performs and the uses that fall outside it.", "questions": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the use of a glycine, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the use of a glycine, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the use of a glycine is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "handling-and-procedure", "name": "Handling and procedure", "description": "The steps, skills and tools involved in using a glycine.", "findings": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills", "name": "Procedures, skills and required tools", "description": "What an agent needs before it can act on a glycine at all.", "questions": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes handling a glycine, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about handling a glycine, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once handling a glycine is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "supply-and-consumption", "name": "Supply and consumption", "description": "Quantities, rates and what running out means.", "findings": [ { "id": "consumption-and-stock", "name": "Consumption, stock and replenishment", "description": "How much of a glycine there is and how fast it goes.", "questions": [ { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the supply of a glycine, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the supply of a glycine, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the supply of a glycine is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "composition-and-identity", "name": "Composition, grade and chemical identity", "description": "What glycine is made of and how pure the thing in hand is.", "rationale": "Grade decides what a substance may be used for, so a model that records only the name cannot support any decision about use.", "layers": [ { "id": "chemical-identity", "name": "Chemical identity", "description": "Formula, structure and the registry numbers that name it unambiguously.", "findings": [ { "id": "identity-record", "name": "Identity and registry numbers", "description": "What identifies this substance across suppliers and regulators.", "questions": [ { "id": "identity-record-q01", "text": "What formula, structure and registry identifiers name glycine unambiguously?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "identity-record-q02", "text": "Which related substances share a name in common use but not an identifier?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "grade-and-impurities", "name": "Grade, purity and impurities", "description": "The specification a batch meets and what else is in it.", "findings": [ { "id": "specification", "name": "Specification and assay", "description": "How purity is stated and measured, and which impurities matter.", "questions": [ { "id": "specification-q01", "text": "What grades of glycine exist, how is purity assayed, and which impurities are limited?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "specification-q02", "text": "Which use requires which grade, and what happens when a lower grade is substituted?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "properties-and-behaviour", "name": "Properties and behaviour", "description": "How glycine behaves under conditions an agent can measure or change.", "rationale": "Physical constants are the part of a substance model that transfers between contexts, and each needs its unit and its conditions.", "layers": [ { "id": "physical-constants", "name": "Physical constants", "description": "Values that hold for the pure substance, with their conditions.", "findings": [ { "id": "constants-record", "name": "Constants and conditions", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the state they apply in.", "questions": [ { "id": "constants-record-q01", "text": "What are the defining physical constants of glycine, in what units and under what conditions?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "constants-record-q02", "text": "Which of these values change with grade or form rather than being fixed?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "stability-and-reactivity", "name": "Stability and reactivity", "description": "What it reacts with, degrades into, and how it is stored.", "findings": [ { "id": "incompatibilities", "name": "Incompatibilities and degradation", "description": "What must not meet it, and what it becomes over time.", "questions": [ { "id": "incompatibilities-q01", "text": "What is glycine incompatible with, and what does it degrade into under storage?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "incompatibilities-q02", "text": "What storage and handling does that require, and who is competent to do it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "hazard-and-regulation", "name": "Hazard classification and regulation", "description": "How glycine can harm, and what the law says about holding and moving it.", "rationale": "A substance model without its hazard class and its regulatory identity is unusable in exactly the situations that matter.", "layers": [ { "id": "hazard-class", "name": "Hazard classification", "description": "Classified hazards, exposure limits and protective measures.", "findings": [ { "id": "classified-hazards", "name": "Classified hazards and limits", "description": "The classification, the scheme it belongs to, and the limits set.", "questions": [ { "id": "classified-hazards-q01", "text": "How is glycine classified for hazard, under which scheme, and what exposure limits apply?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "classified-hazards-q02", "text": "What protection does handling require, and what must an agent refuse to do without it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "regulatory-identity", "name": "Regulatory identity and control", "description": "Registration, restriction and transport rules by jurisdiction.", "findings": [ { "id": "controls", "name": "Controls and jurisdiction", "description": "Where it is restricted and what the restriction attaches to.", "questions": [ { "id": "controls-q01", "text": "Which registrations, restrictions or transport rules cover glycine, and where?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "controls-q02", "text": "Does the control attach to the substance, its concentration, or its intended use?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a glycine came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a glycine and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a glycine, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a glycine, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a glycine is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a glycine is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a glycine, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a glycine, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a glycine is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 9, "layers": 20, "findings": 22, "questions": 60 } } } }