ptosis
Let an agent explain eyelid ptosis and its causes in general terms from ophthalmic sources, identify urgent presentations, describe treatment, distinguish ptosis from other eyelid and brow conditions, and route personal questions to clinicians.
Research draft, second pass
A second pass drafted this model: the structure a model of this thing needs, and what is known about it in the world. The line under this one says how the second half was obtained - researched against sources, or recalled without web access, in which case nothing here was read anywhere and every claim is a lead to verify. Unreviewed either way.
written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify
Researched by: Claude
Purpose and description
Let an agent explain eyelid ptosis and its causes in general terms from ophthalmic sources, identify urgent presentations, describe treatment, distinguish ptosis from other eyelid and brow conditions, and route personal questions to clinicians.
Drooping of the upper eyelid, present from birth as congenital ptosis or acquired through ageing, muscle or nerve disorders such as myasthenia gravis, third nerve palsy, Horner syndrome and myotonic dystrophy, trauma or long-term contact lens use, and occurring as a feature of syndromes such as Borjeson-Forssman-Lehmann, Jacobsen syndrome, mucopolysaccharidosis II and dopamine beta-hydroxylase deficiency, or with unusual movement as in jaw-winking syndrome; ptosis can block vision in children and is treated by surgery when needed.
What it is for: Not applicable; a clinical sign.
It can be explain causes; identify urgent presentations; relay treatment; route personal questions.
Distinguishing features
Eyelid drooping
Many causes
Congenital and acquired
Vision impact in children
What it looks like
A drooping upper eyelid covering part of the eye.
Physical character
congenital ptosis incidence: about 1 in 800 births - estimates
normal upper lid position: about 1-2 mm below the limbus measure
How it is recognised
Drooping upper eyelid
Congenital, aponeurotic, myogenic, neurogenic and mechanical ptosis; syndromic ptosis; jaw-winking
Dermatochalasis is excess skin; brow ptosis is a drooping brow; the word ptosis also names drooping of other organs
Related models
is a kind of - in registry terms
is a kind of - in registry terms
is a kind of - in registry terms
is caused by - among other conditions
In practice
Families and kinds
congenital ptosis
aponeurotic or involutional ptosis of ageing
myogenic ptosis in myasthenia gravis and myotonic dystrophy
neurogenic ptosis in third nerve palsy and Horner syndrome
mechanical and traumatic ptosis
syndromic ptosis in conditions such as Borjeson-Forssman-Lehmann, Jacobsen, mucopolysaccharidosis II and dopamine beta-hydroxylase deficiency
Marcus Gunn jaw-winking syndrome
Identifiers
ICD-11 9A01.3 ptosis of eyelid
MeSH D001763 blepharoptosis
Standards and regulation
Ophthalmology guidelines on ptosis assessment and surgery
Paediatric vision screening guidance
Failure modes and hazards
Missing sudden ptosis from aneurysm or stroke
Amblyopia in children with untreated ptosis
Agents giving personal medical advice
Registry aliases naming whole syndromes as ptosis
Also called
Where this came from
wikidata · CC0 1.0
Drafted structure
Bundle to layer to finding to question, as the second pass will find it: 4 bundles · 8 layers · 8 findings · 16 questions.
Help Urgent signs first.
Safety.
Urgent
Sudden ptosis.
Urgent
Urgent.
- Why does sudden ptosis with double vision, an enlarged pupil, headache or weakness need emergency care? action
- Is the user describing sudden ptosis with such signs, which need emergency services now? boundary
Assessment
Assessment.
Assessment
Assessment.
- How do clinicians assess ptosis and find its cause, in general terms? provenance
- Is the user asking about their own eyelid, which needs a clinician? boundary
Understand The sign.
Clinical.
Definition
Definition.
Definition
Definition.
- What is ptosis, and how does it differ from dermatochalasis and brow ptosis? definition
- Is the question about eyelid ptosis or drooping of another organ? boundary
Causes
Causes.
Causes
Causes.
- What causes ptosis, from ageing and nerve palsies to myasthenia and syndromes such as Borjeson-Forssman-Lehmann and Jacobsen? provenance
- Which entry fits the specific cause? action
Treat Treatment.
Clinical.
Treatment
Treatment.
Treatment
Treatment.
- How is ptosis treated by surgery or by treating the cause, per guidelines? provenance
- Which references are standard? provenance
Children
Children.
Children
Children.
- Why does congenital ptosis need monitoring for amblyopia, and when is surgery done? provenance
- Which sources are cited? provenance
Context Special forms and history.
Context.
Special
Jaw-winking and syndromes.
Special
Special.
- What are Marcus Gunn jaw-winking syndrome and the syndromes that include ptosis? provenance
- Which entry fits the specific syndrome? action
History
History.
History
History.
- How has ptosis surgery developed? provenance
- Which entry fits the history of ophthalmology? action
What the second pass must settle
- Should congenital ptosis and myasthenia gravis be separate primary entries?
- How should clinical guidelines be linked?
- The registry entry has merged aliases naming syndromes in which ptosis is one feature; should they be split off?