{ "model": { "rank": 3847, "code": "thing-q62955", "model_id": "vr.tr.import", "name": "import", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise an import activity, assess its progress and evidence, and determine appropriate next steps for bringing goods or obtaining services from outside a specified economy.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Activities and processes", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "ACT", "domain": "ACT.ACT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q62955/", "tier": 2, "score": 81, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "duty-free importation", "software import", "energy import", "parallel import", "American beef and bovine imports to Taiwan", "import of goods", "Consumer import of prescription drugs", "Provisional Irish Republican Army arms importation", "reimportation" ], "aliasCount": 9, "merged": 9, "knownIn": 81, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": "vr.tr.import-person", "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q62955", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62955", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-09T18:54:08Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 28.1, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a08784-395b-72b0-8d47-b322ea150835\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: import\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: ACT.ACT\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 695 things:\n# Batch 004: 1001 registere", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 64.3, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a08784-3969-7303-ba50-7468cb6ac6a8\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: import\nRegistry id: vr.tr.import\nPlane / domain: ACT / ACT.ACT\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\n\nContext fo" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q62955", "registryId": "vr.tr.import", "name": "import", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "ACT.ACT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q62955/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.import", "name": "import", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise an import activity, assess its progress and evidence, and determine appropriate next steps for bringing goods or obtaining services from outside a specified economy.", "definition": "In international trade, an import is a good or service supplied from abroad to an economy, with its recognition depending on the customs, territorial or residency conventions used.", "scope_statement": "This model owns import as an economic activity viewed from the receiving economy, including its classification, participants, execution and recorded outcome; this sense is provisional because the registry supplies no definition.", "in_scope": [ "The receiving economy and the boundary or residency convention used to recognise an import", "Goods entering from abroad and services supplied by nonresidents, where the selected convention includes them", "The roles of importer, supplier, declarant, carrier and recipient", "The progression from intended import through delivery, applicable clearance and reconciliation", "Evidence supporting import classification, quantity, value and completion", "Treatment of temporary entry, returned goods, reimports and other boundary cases" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Software module imports and data ingestion", "The intrinsic properties and lifecycle of the imported product", "Export activity as managed from the sending economy", "Domestic procurement without a qualifying external relationship", "General transport-network and warehouse operations", "Economy-wide trade balances and trade-policy design" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "An instance identifies a receiving economy and an external relationship; movement or purchase wholly within that economy does not qualify solely because the supplier is foreign-owned.", "Import classification states its convention: physical entry, customs treatment and transactions between residents and nonresidents must not be treated as interchangeable tests.", "A shipment merely passing through a territory requires an explicit transit-versus-import determination.", "An overseas order records an intended import; ordering alone does not establish that entry, supply or statistical recognition has occurred.", "The model concerns trade activity, rather than loading information or code into a system." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Receiving economy", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Named economy or territory with an explicit boundary definition", "why_it_matters": "Import is directional and cannot be identified without specifying the receiving side." }, { "name": "Recognition convention", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Customs entry, merchandise-trade statistics, resident-nonresident transaction, or another explicitly named convention", "why_it_matters": "Different conventions can classify or date the same activity differently." }, { "name": "Subject of import", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Goods, services, mixed supply, or unresolved", "why_it_matters": "Physical arrival and border clearance cannot serve as universal completion tests." }, { "name": "Participant roles", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Links to supplier, purchaser, importer, declarant, carrier and recipient, with applicable residency", "why_it_matters": "The party buying, declaring, transporting or receiving the subject may differ." }, { "name": "Goods geography", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Origin, dispatch, transit and destination territories, separately recorded; not applicable where appropriate", "why_it_matters": "The place of dispatch does not by itself establish origin." }, { "name": "Execution state", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Planned, ordered, dispatched, arrived, supplied, delivered, cancelled or unresolved, with applicable milestones recorded separately", "why_it_matters": "Goods and services follow different paths, and partial execution must remain visible." }, { "name": "Clearance state", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Applicability unresolved, not applicable, not submitted, submitted, held, released or refused", "why_it_matters": "Arrival or delivery does not independently prove that applicable clearance is complete." }, { "name": "Imported quantity", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Subject-appropriate units, such as kilograms, items or service hours, with measurement basis", "why_it_matters": "Ordered, shipped, received and accepted quantities may differ." }, { "name": "Import value", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Currency amount with valuation basis, reference date and included cost components", "why_it_matters": "Invoice value, declared value and total acquisition cost answer different questions." } ], "affordances": [ "Classify a proposed activity as an import, a neighbouring activity or an unresolved case under a named convention.", "Identify the parties and evidence needed to establish who is importing what into which economy.", "Check applicable entry or supply requirements against current authoritative sources.", "Track goods arrival or service supply separately from clearance, delivery and acceptance.", "Reconcile quantities, values and documents across orders, shipments, declarations and receipts.", "Identify supported next steps, such as requesting missing evidence, resolving a hold or closing a completed import." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "import-sense-and-recognition", "name": "Import sense and recognition", "description": "Establishes which meaning of import applies and what makes an activity count as an instance.", "rationale": "The registry term is undefined, and economic import itself admits different recognition conventions.", "layers": [ { "id": "receiving-perspective", "name": "Receiving perspective", "description": "Identifies the receiving economy and the external relationship.", "findings": [ { "id": "receiving-economy-and-counterparty", "name": "Receiving economy and counterparty", "description": "Record the economy from whose perspective the activity is an import and the evidence connecting it to an external supplier or territory.", "questions": [ { "text": "From which economy's perspective is this activity being described as an import?", "kind": "definition", "id": "receiving-economy-and-counterparty-q01" }, { "text": "What establishes the relevant external relationship: dispatch territory, boundary crossing, supplier residency or another criterion?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "receiving-economy-and-counterparty-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "recognition-conventions", "name": "Recognition conventions", "description": "Separates customs, statistical and transaction-based interpretations.", "findings": [ { "id": "import-recognition-rule", "name": "Import recognition rule", "description": "Record the selected convention and its recognition event without collapsing alternative interpretations.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which authority or analytical framework defines import for this use?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "import-recognition-rule-q01" }, { "text": "Under that framework, what event and date establish that the import occurred?", "kind": "definition", "id": "import-recognition-rule-q02" }, { "text": "Could this activity qualify under one convention and fail to qualify under another?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "import-recognition-rule-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "import-subject-and-participants", "name": "Import subject and participants", "description": "Identifies what is imported, where it comes from and which parties perform the relevant roles.", "rationale": "Product identity, geographic origin and participant responsibility determine how the import can be assessed.", "layers": [ { "id": "subject-and-origin", "name": "Subject and origin", "description": "Distinguishes the supplied subject from its route and supplier location.", "findings": [ { "id": "subject-identification-and-geography", "name": "Subject identification and geography", "description": "Record the goods or services and preserve relevant distinctions between origin, dispatch and supplier residency.", "questions": [ { "text": "What goods, services or mixed supply form the subject of this import?", "kind": "definition", "id": "subject-identification-and-geography-q01" }, { "text": "Which records establish goods origin and dispatch location, or service-supplier residency, as applicable?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "subject-identification-and-geography-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "import-party-roles", "name": "Import party roles", "description": "Maps commercial and procedural responsibilities without assuming one party performs them all.", "findings": [ { "id": "importer-and-representatives", "name": "Importer and representatives", "description": "Record who purchases, imports, declares and receives the subject, including representation arrangements.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which parties act as purchaser, importer, declarant and final recipient in this activity?", "kind": "definition", "id": "importer-and-representatives-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence establishes each representative's authority and each party's assigned obligations?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "importer-and-representatives-q02" }, { "text": "Which party must resolve a missing declaration, disputed delivery or incorrect supplier document?", "kind": "action", "id": "importer-and-representatives-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "entry-treatment-and-eligibility", "name": "Entry treatment and eligibility", "description": "Captures the applicable treatment of the activity and evidence needed to proceed.", "rationale": "An import cannot be judged actionable solely from the existence of an order or shipment.", "layers": [ { "id": "import-treatment", "name": "Import treatment", "description": "Determines the relevant procedure and distinguishes exceptional movements.", "findings": [ { "id": "entry-purpose-and-procedure", "name": "Entry purpose and procedure", "description": "Record the intended treatment of goods entry or the applicable service-import framework, subject to verification.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is the activity intended for domestic use, temporary entry, processing, storage, return or another documented purpose?", "kind": "definition", "id": "entry-purpose-and-procedure-q01" }, { "text": "What separates this case from transit, re-export or domestic supply under the selected framework?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "entry-purpose-and-procedure-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "requirements-and-evidence", "name": "Requirements and evidence", "description": "Relates the particular import to verified requirements and supporting records.", "findings": [ { "id": "applicable-import-requirements", "name": "Applicable import requirements", "description": "Record evidenced requirements, their applicability and any unresolved gaps; do not assume every import needs the same documents.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which current authoritative sources establish the requirements for this subject, route, destination and date?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "applicable-import-requirements-q01" }, { "text": "Which required permissions, declarations or supporting records are present, missing or disputed?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "applicable-import-requirements-q02" }, { "text": "What verified condition must be satisfied before the next entry or supply step can proceed?", "kind": "action", "id": "applicable-import-requirements-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "import-execution-and-reconciliation", "name": "Import execution and reconciliation", "description": "Tracks actual performance, distinguishes milestones and reconciles the recorded outcome.", "rationale": "An order, arrival, release and accepted delivery represent different states and may cover different quantities.", "layers": [ { "id": "execution-milestones", "name": "Execution milestones", "description": "Records goods movement or service performance alongside applicable procedural decisions.", "findings": [ { "id": "arrival-supply-and-release", "name": "Arrival, supply and release", "description": "Record evidenced milestones separately, including partial performance and unresolved holds.", "questions": [ { "text": "What evidence dates dispatch, arrival, service supply, applicable release and recipient acceptance?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "arrival-supply-and-release-q01" }, { "text": "Which portion of the intended import has reached each applicable milestone?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "arrival-supply-and-release-q02" }, { "text": "What unresolved hold, shortfall or rejection determines the next action?", "kind": "action", "id": "arrival-supply-and-release-q03" } ] } ] }, { "id": "quantity-value-and-closure", "name": "Quantity, value and closure", "description": "Reconciles the import's commercial and procedural records.", "findings": [ { "id": "reconciled-import-outcome", "name": "Reconciled import outcome", "description": "Record differences among ordered, declared, supplied and accepted amounts, preserving valuation bases and unresolved adjustments.", "questions": [ { "text": "How do ordered, shipped or supplied, declared and accepted quantities compare where applicable?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "reconciled-import-outcome-q01" }, { "text": "Which currency, reference date and cost components define each recorded import value?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "reconciled-import-outcome-q02" }, { "text": "What discrepancies or outstanding obligations must be resolved before this import can be closed?", "kind": "action", "id": "reconciled-import-outcome-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "No sense is recorded; the international-trade activity sense is assumed, rather than software import or the noun meaning significance.", "Physical border crossing and change of economic ownership are different recognition tests; researchers should establish which statistical framework applies.", "Standards and bodies are recalled without source consultation; applicable editions and jurisdiction-specific requirements need verification." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of import this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Goods imports", "Services imports", "Imports for domestic consumption", "Temporary imports", "Imports for inward processing", "Re-imports of previously exported goods" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of import this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "Harmonized System (HS), World Customs Organization", "value_or_pattern": "Six-digit international commodity codes, with longer national or regional subdivisions", "note": "Classifies traded goods rather than identifying individual import transactions; does not classify services." }, { "scheme": "Extended Balance of Payments Services Classification (EBOPS)", "value_or_pattern": "Hierarchical service-category codes", "note": "Used to classify international trade in services." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of import this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "International Convention on the Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System - World Customs Organization", "Revised Kyoto Convention on customs procedures - World Customs Organization", "Agreement on Implementation of Article VII of GATT 1994, concerning customs valuation - World Trade Organization", "International Merchandise Trade Statistics: Concepts and Definitions - United Nations", "Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Manual - International Monetary Fund" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of import this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Obtaining consumer goods and production inputs from foreign suppliers", "Acquiring services from nonresident suppliers", "Administering customs declarations, duties and border controls", "Compiling trade statistics and national economic accounts", "Managing international sourcing and supply chains" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of import this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Import value over a reporting period", "typical_range": "No universal range; depends on the economy, product coverage, period and valuation convention", "unit": "Reporting currency" }, { "quantity": "Physical quantity of imported goods", "typical_range": "Commodity-dependent; services generally have no comparable physical quantity", "unit": "Kilograms, tonnes, item counts or commodity-specific units" }, { "quantity": "Imports relative to gross domestic product", "typical_range": "Economy-dependent; can exceed 100 percent", "unit": "Percent" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of import this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Commodity misclassification, incorrect origin claims or valuation errors", "Missing documentation or permits causing clearance delays", "Importation of unsafe, counterfeit or prohibited goods", "Supply disruption through transport failures or dependence on foreign suppliers", "Misleading comparisons between datasets using different coverage or valuation conventions" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of import this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Customs unions distinguish movements within their shared customs territory from imports across its external boundary.", "National tariff schedules extend common HS categories with jurisdiction-specific subdivisions.", "Duty treatment, licensing requirements and product conformity procedures vary by jurisdiction and product." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of import this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "export", "difference": "An export is outward supply from the reporting economy; an import is inward supply." }, { "name": "transit", "difference": "Transit moves goods through a territory under a transit procedure without necessarily entering them as imports for that economy." }, { "name": "domestic purchase", "difference": "A domestic purchase does not itself establish a cross-border or resident-nonresident transaction, even when the purchased product was previously imported." }, { "name": "data import", "difference": "Data import brings information into a software system; this description covers international trade." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of import this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Does vr.tr.import denote economic import, goods import specifically, or a broader activity that also includes data and software import?", "Does an existing Vercy world model already cover this concept, requiring a registry link rather than a separate publication?", "Which authoritative frameworks should anchor customs, merchandise-statistical and resident-nonresident definitions, and how should their disagreements be represented?", "Should the primary instance be an order, consignment, declaration or supply transaction, and how should split shipments and consolidated declarations relate to it?", "How should services, temporary entry, goods sent for processing, returned goods and digital deliveries be classified under the chosen scope?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 9, "findings": 17, "questions": 30 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "abstract concept", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a import, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an agent to recognise an import activity, assess its progress and evidence, and determine appropriate next steps for bringing goods or obtaining services from outside a specified economy.", "characteristics": { "substance": "activity", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: duty-free importation, software import, energy import, parallel import, American beef and bovine imports to Taiwan, import of goods, Consumer import of prescription drugs, Provisional Irish Republican Army arms importation, reimportation.", "9 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 81 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a import, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "something that happens over time", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see. What is recognised is an instance of it, and which instances count is exactly what is argued about." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "duty-free importation", "software import", "energy import", "parallel import", "American beef and bovine imports to Taiwan", "import of goods", "Consumer import of prescription drugs", "Provisional Irish Republican Army arms importation", "reimportation" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 81 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 9 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one import from another, and a import from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a import, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a import, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a import is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a import, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a import, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a import is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a import sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a import, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a import, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a import is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a import from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a import, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a import, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a import is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a import passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a import between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a import, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a import, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a import is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a import, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a import is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a import, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a import, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a import is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "process-and-outcome", "name": "Process, inputs and outcome", "description": "How a import proceeds, what it needs and what it leaves behind.", "rationale": "An activity is known by its steps and its results, and both have to be recordable while it is still running.", "layers": [ { "id": "steps-and-sequence", "name": "Steps and sequence", "description": "The steps of a import, their order and what may run in parallel.", "findings": [ { "id": "steps-and-preconditions", "name": "Steps, preconditions and completion", "description": "What has to be true before each step of a import and what marks it done.", "questions": [ { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a step of a import, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a step of a import, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a step of a import is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-results", "name": "Inputs, resources and results", "description": "What a import consumes and what it produces.", "findings": [ { "id": "inputs-and-outputs", "name": "Inputs, outputs and side effects", "description": "The resources a import takes and the results it leaves, wanted or not.", "questions": [ { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the inputs and results of a import, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the inputs and results of a import, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the inputs and results of a import is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "definitions-in-contest", "name": "Definitions and who holds them", "description": "What import is taken to mean, and by whom.", "rationale": "When a field disagrees about a concept, the disagreement is the content. A model that picks one definition silently destroys the information.", "layers": [ { "id": "competing-definitions", "name": "Competing definitions", "description": "The main readings and the traditions behind them.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-map", "name": "Definitions and their holders", "description": "Each definition with the school or body that holds it.", "questions": [ { "id": "definition-map-q01", "text": "Which definitions of import are in use, and which tradition or body holds each?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "definition-map-q02", "text": "What turns on the difference between them in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "operationalisation", "name": "Operationalisation", "description": "How it is measured or applied when it has to be.", "findings": [ { "id": "operational-record", "name": "Measures and proxies", "description": "Instruments and indicators used to stand in for it.", "questions": [ { "id": "operational-record-q01", "text": "How is import operationalised or measured in practice, and by what instrument?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "operational-record-q02", "text": "What does that operationalisation leave out, and when does that matter?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "instances-and-use", "name": "Instances, use and consequence", "description": "What counts as an instance of import and what follows from calling something that.", "rationale": "Applying a concept is an act with consequences, so a model must say what the label licenses and what it does not.", "layers": [ { "id": "instances", "name": "What counts as an instance", "description": "Clear cases, borderline cases and non-cases.", "findings": [ { "id": "instance-tests", "name": "Tests for an instance", "description": "What would settle whether something falls under it.", "questions": [ { "id": "instance-tests-q01", "text": "What would settle whether something is an instance of import?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "instance-tests-q02", "text": "Which borderline cases are argued about, and on what grounds?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "consequence", "name": "Consequence of application", "description": "Rights, duties or decisions that follow from the label.", "findings": [ { "id": "consequence-record", "name": "What the label licenses", "description": "What an agent may do once something is classified this way.", "questions": [ { "id": "consequence-record-q01", "text": "What follows practically once something is treated as import?", "kind": "action" }, { "id": "consequence-record-q02", "text": "What must an agent not infer from the label alone?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a import came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a import and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a import, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a import, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a import is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a import is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a import, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a import, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a import is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 12, "findings": 14, "questions": 38 } } } }