{ "model": { "rank": 8775, "code": "thing-q6452285", "model_id": "vr.tr.ulcer", "name": "ulcer", "purpose": "Let an agent explain ulcers and their kinds in general terms from clinical sources, describe causes, warning signs and management principles, distinguish skin, mucosal and internal ulcers, and route personal questions to clinicians.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Information and virtual systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "INF", "domain": "INF.KNW", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q6452285/", "tier": 2, "score": 50, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "mouth ulcer", "extensive ulcer", "tache noire", "ulcer of esophagus", "oncological ulcer", "malum perforans", "chronic ulcer of skin", "leg ulcer", "eye ulceration", "genital ulcer", "Hematopoietic ulcer", "Trigeminal trophic lesion", "postphlebitic ulcer", "Bednar's aphthae", "eosinophilic ulcer of the oral mucosa", "Riga–Fede disease", "sporadic ulceromutilating acropathy", "Postencephalitic trophic ulcer" ], "aliasCount": 18, "merged": 18, "knownIn": 50, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q6452285", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6452285", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-13T01:17:34Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 3, "engine": "claude" }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q6452285", "registryId": "vr.tr.ulcer", "name": "ulcer", "version": "0.2.0-wave.3", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "INF.KNW" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q6452285/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.ulcer", "name": "ulcer", "purpose": "Let an agent explain ulcers and their kinds in general terms from clinical sources, describe causes, warning signs and management principles, distinguish skin, mucosal and internal ulcers, and route personal questions to clinicians.", "definition": "A break in the skin or a mucous membrane with loss of surface tissue and disintegration and necrosis of epithelial tissue, forming an open sore that heals slowly, including mouth ulcers, oesophageal and peptic ulcers, pressure, venous and diabetic foot ulcers such as malum perforans, ulcerating tumours and infectious lesions such as the tache noire eschar of rickettsial disease; ulcers arise from pressure, poor circulation, infection, inflammation, cancer and irritation and are managed according to cause.", "what_it_is_for": "Not applicable; a lesion.", "affordances": [ "explain kinds and causes", "relay management principles", "relay warning signs", "route personal questions" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Loss of surface tissue", "Slow healing", "Many causes", "Cause-specific management" ], "appearance": "An open sore with a crater and surrounding inflammation.", "visual_identification": [ "Open sore with tissue loss", "Mouth, peptic, oesophageal, pressure, venous, diabetic, cancerous and infectious ulcers", "Erosions are shallower; blisters are fluid-filled; wounds are acute injuries" ], "physical_properties": [ { "quantity": "pressure ulcer prevalence in hospitals", "typical_range": "about 5-15", "unit": "percent", "note": "studies vary" } ], "families_and_kinds": [ "mouth ulcers including aphthous ulcers", "peptic and oesophageal ulcers", "pressure ulcers", "venous and arterial leg ulcers", "diabetic foot ulcers including malum perforans", "oncological or malignant ulcers", "infectious ulcers such as tache noire, chancres and Buruli ulcer" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "skin lesion", "why": "in registry terms" }, { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "clinical sign", "why": "in registry terms" }, { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "ulcer", "why": "in registry terms, as a general category" }, { "relation": "is managed by", "target": "wound care", "why": "and treatment of the cause" } ], "identifiers": [ { "scheme": "MeSH", "value_or_pattern": "D014456", "note": "ulcer" } ], "standards_and_regulation": [ "Wound care and pressure ulcer prevention guidelines", "Diabetic foot care guidelines", "Peptic ulcer management guidelines" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Infection and amputation in diabetic ulcers", "Missed malignant ulcers", "Agents giving personal medical advice", "Bleeding peptic ulcers" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "help", "name": "Help", "description": "Getting help first.", "rationale": "Safety.", "layers": [ { "id": "urgent", "name": "Urgent", "description": "Urgent signs.", "findings": [ { "id": "urgent-finding", "name": "Urgent", "description": "Urgent.", "questions": [ { "text": "What ulcer signs such as bleeding, spreading infection or non-healing need urgent care?", "kind": "action" }, { "text": "Is the user describing such signs, which need prompt medical care?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "care", "name": "Care", "description": "Clinical assessment.", "findings": [ { "id": "care-finding", "name": "Care", "description": "Care.", "questions": [ { "text": "How are ulcers assessed and their causes identified, in general terms?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Is the user asking about their own ulcer, which needs a clinician?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "understand", "name": "Understand", "description": "The lesion.", "rationale": "Clinical.", "layers": [ { "id": "kinds", "name": "Kinds", "description": "Kinds and causes.", "findings": [ { "id": "kinds-finding", "name": "Kinds", "description": "Kinds.", "questions": [ { "text": "What kinds of ulcer exist, and what causes each?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Is the question about a skin, mucosal or internal ulcer?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "healing", "name": "Healing", "description": "Healing.", "findings": [ { "id": "healing-finding", "name": "Healing", "description": "Healing.", "questions": [ { "text": "Why do ulcers heal slowly, and what factors affect healing?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits wound healing?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "manage", "name": "Manage", "description": "Prevention and management.", "rationale": "Public health.", "layers": [ { "id": "prevention", "name": "Prevention", "description": "Prevention.", "findings": [ { "id": "prevention-finding", "name": "Prevention", "description": "Prevention.", "questions": [ { "text": "How are pressure, diabetic and venous ulcers prevented, per guidelines?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which references are standard?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "treatment", "name": "Treatment", "description": "Treatment.", "findings": [ { "id": "treatment-finding", "name": "Treatment", "description": "Treatment.", "questions": [ { "text": "How are ulcers treated, from wound care to treating the cause, in general terms?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits the specific ulcer type?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "context", "name": "Context", "description": "Epidemiology and history.", "rationale": "Context.", "layers": [ { "id": "epidemiology", "name": "Epidemiology", "description": "Epidemiology.", "findings": [ { "id": "epidemiology-finding", "name": "Epidemiology", "description": "Epidemiology.", "questions": [ { "text": "How common are the main ulcer types, with sources?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "text": "Which sources are cited?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "history", "name": "History", "description": "History.", "findings": [ { "id": "history-finding", "name": "History", "description": "History.", "questions": [ { "text": "How has ulcer treatment developed, including the discovery of Helicobacter pylori?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits the history of medicine?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should peptic ulcer and pressure ulcer be separate primary entries?", "How should guidelines be linked?", "The registry entry has merged aliases naming distinct conditions and an eschar; should they be split off?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "discipline or field of knowledge", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a ulcer, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Let an agent explain ulcers and their kinds in general terms from clinical sources, describe causes, warning signs and management principles, distinguish skin, mucosal and internal ulcers, and route personal questions to clinicians.", "characteristics": { "substance": "information", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "read and interpreted" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: mouth ulcer, extensive ulcer, tache noire, ulcer of esophagus, oncological ulcer, malum perforans, chronic ulcer of skin, leg ulcer, eye ulceration, genital ulcer, Hematopoietic ulcer, Trigeminal trophic lesion.", "18 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 50 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a ulcer, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "content that has to be carried by something else", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "read it and act on what it says" ], "howItIsRecognised": [], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "mouth ulcer", "extensive ulcer", "tache noire", "ulcer of esophagus", "oncological ulcer", "malum perforans", "chronic ulcer of skin", "leg ulcer", "eye ulceration", "genital ulcer", "Hematopoietic ulcer", "Trigeminal trophic lesion" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 50 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 18 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one ulcer from another, and a ulcer from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a ulcer, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a ulcer, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a ulcer is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a ulcer, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a ulcer, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a ulcer is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a ulcer sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a ulcer, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a ulcer, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a ulcer is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a ulcer from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a ulcer, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a ulcer, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a ulcer is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a ulcer passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a ulcer between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a ulcer, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a ulcer, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a ulcer is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a ulcer, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a ulcer is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a ulcer, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a ulcer, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a ulcer is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "content-and-access", "name": "Content, encoding and access", "description": "What a ulcer says, how it is encoded and who may read it.", "rationale": "An informational thing carries content that can be copied, versioned and withheld, none of which its physical carrier explains.", "layers": [ { "id": "content-and-encoding", "name": "Content and encoding", "description": "The content itself, its format and its language.", "findings": [ { "id": "content-and-format", "name": "Content, format and language", "description": "What a ulcer contains and in what form it is held.", "questions": [ { "id": "content-and-format-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the content of a ulcer, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "content-and-format-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the content of a ulcer, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "content-and-format-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the content of a ulcer is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "access-and-rights", "name": "Access, rights and retention", "description": "Who may read, copy or change it, and for how long it is kept.", "findings": [ { "id": "access-rules", "name": "Access rules and retention", "description": "The permissions attached to a ulcer and the period it survives.", "questions": [ { "id": "access-rules-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes access to a ulcer, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "access-rules-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about access to a ulcer, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "access-rules-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once access to a ulcer is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "subject-and-method", "name": "Subject matter and method", "description": "What ulcer studies and how it establishes anything.", "rationale": "A field is identified by its questions and its methods, and those are what distinguish it from the fields next to it.", "layers": [ { "id": "subject", "name": "Subject matter", "description": "The questions it takes as its own.", "findings": [ { "id": "subject-record", "name": "Questions and objects of study", "description": "What it is about, stated so a neighbouring field can be told apart.", "questions": [ { "id": "subject-record-q01", "text": "What questions and objects does ulcer take as its own?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "subject-record-q02", "text": "Which questions does it share with a neighbouring field, and who claims them?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "method", "name": "Method and evidence", "description": "How claims are established and what counts as evidence.", "findings": [ { "id": "method-record", "name": "Methods and standards of evidence", "description": "The methods used and what they are taken to establish.", "questions": [ { "id": "method-record-q01", "text": "By what methods does ulcer establish claims, and what counts as sufficient evidence?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "method-record-q02", "text": "What kind of claim can this field not settle, and where should an agent look instead?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "institutions-and-classification", "name": "Institutions and classification", "description": "Where ulcer is practised and how catalogues place it.", "rationale": "The institutional footprint is the evidence that a field exists as a field rather than as a topic.", "layers": [ { "id": "institutions", "name": "Institutional markers", "description": "Societies, journals, degrees and departments.", "findings": [ { "id": "institution-record", "name": "Bodies and venues", "description": "Where the field organises itself.", "questions": [ { "id": "institution-record-q01", "text": "Which societies, journals or degrees mark ulcer as an established field?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "institution-record-q02", "text": "What would show that it is emerging or dissolving rather than established?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification", "name": "Classification schemes", "description": "Where library and research classifications put it.", "findings": [ { "id": "classification-record", "name": "Codes and their disagreements", "description": "The classification codes that place it, and where they differ.", "questions": [ { "id": "classification-record-q01", "text": "Which classification schemes place ulcer, under what codes?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "classification-record-q02", "text": "Where do those schemes disagree about its scope?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a ulcer came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a ulcer and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a ulcer, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a ulcer, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a ulcer is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a ulcer is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a ulcer, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a ulcer, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a ulcer is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 12, "findings": 14, "questions": 38 } } } }