clade
Let an agent explain clades, relay phylogenetic concepts, methods and examples from evolutionary biology sources, describe the named terms and flag related concepts, and distinguish clades from grades or paraphyletic groups, polyphyletic groups, taxonomic ranks and species.
Research draft, second pass
A second pass drafted this model: the structure a model of this thing needs, and what is known about it in the world. The line under this one says how the second half was obtained - researched against sources, or recalled without web access, in which case nothing here was read anywhere and every claim is a lead to verify. Unreviewed either way.
written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify
Researched by: Claude
Purpose and description
Let an agent explain clades, relay phylogenetic concepts, methods and examples from evolutionary biology sources, describe the named terms and flag related concepts, and distinguish clades from grades or paraphyletic groups, polyphyletic groups, taxonomic ranks and species.
A group of organisms consisting of a common ancestor and all of its descendants, also called a monophyletic group, the basic unit of phylogenetic systematics developed by Willi Hennig, identified by shared derived characters and DNA evidence; related terms the registry aliases name include crown groups, the last common ancestor of living members and all its descendants, basal clades that branch early in a tree, and species flocks, groups of closely related species that diversified rapidly in one area, such as cichlids of the African Great Lakes, while sibling species, species that are very similar but reproductively isolated, is a related concept rather than a type of clade. Clades may or may not be given formal ranks.
What it is for: Classifying organisms by evolutionary descent.
It can be explain monophyly and phylogenetics; relay methods; describe named terms; distinguish related groupings.
Distinguishing features
Monophyletic
Shared derived traits
Nested hierarchy
Rank-free possible
What it looks like
Not a physical object; shown as branches on phylogenetic trees.
Physical character
Hennig s phylogenetic systematics: 1950, English 1966 note
term clade: Julian Huxley, 1957 note
code: PhyloCode note - effective 2020
How it is recognised
Ancestor and all descendants
Crown group, sibling species, basal clade, species flock, monophyletic group
Grades are paraphyletic; polyphyletic groups lack a common ancestor within; ranks are labels; species are basic units
Related models
is a kind of - in registry terms
is studied in -
includes -
is contrasted with -
In practice
Families and kinds
crown groups
stem groups
basal clades
species flocks
nested clades
Standards and regulation
PhyloCode
International Codes of Zoological and Botanical Nomenclature
Failure modes and hazards
Calling paraphyletic groups clades
Confusing clades and ranks
Misfiled species concept alias
Also called
Where this came from
wikidata · CC0 1.0
Also registered as vr.tr.clade
Drafted structure
Bundle to layer to finding to question, as the second pass will find it: 4 bundles · 8 layers · 8 findings · 16 questions.
Understand What a clade is.
Science.
Definition
Definition.
Definition
Definition.
- What is a clade, and how does it differ from grades, polyphyletic groups, ranks and species? definition
- Is the question about classification, evolution or a specific group? boundary
Terms
Named terms.
Terms
Terms.
- What are crown groups, basal clades and species flocks, and what are sibling species? definition
- Which entry fits the specific term? action
Phylogenetics Methods.
Science.
Cladistics
Cladistics.
Cladistics
Cladistics.
- How do shared derived characters define clades? provenance
- Which references are standard? provenance
Molecular
Molecular phylogenetics.
Molecular
Molecular.
- How do DNA sequence methods infer clades? provenance
- Which sources are cited? provenance
Examples Examples.
Attribution.
Birds
Birds as dinosaurs.
Birds
Birds.
- Why are birds placed within the dinosaur clade? provenance
- Which entry fits Dinosauria? action
Reptiles
Paraphyletic groups.
Reptiles
Reptiles.
- Why is traditional Reptilia paraphyletic, and how do classifications handle it, with views attributed? provenance
- Is the presentation neutral and attributed? boundary
Context Diversification.
Context.
Species flocks
Cichlid flocks.
Species flocks
Species flocks.
- How did cichlid species flocks radiate in African lakes? provenance
- Which entry fits cichlid? action
PhyloCode
Rank-free naming.
PhyloCode
PhyloCode.
- What is the PhyloCode, and how does it differ from traditional codes? provenance
- Which entry fits PhyloCode? action
What the second pass must settle
- The registry alias sibling species should be moved to species concept entries
- Should crown group be a separate entry?
- How should phylogenetic databases be linked?