{
    "model": {
        "rank": 6749,
        "code": "thing-q735505",
        "model_id": "vr.tr.vas-deferens",
        "name": "vas deferens",
        "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a vas deferens, record its anatomical continuity and condition, and distinguish observations that support assessment or specialist intervention from those that remain uncertain.",
        "family": "Thing Registry",
        "category": "Physical world and living systems",
        "status": "research-draft",
        "kind": "thing",
        "plane": "PHY",
        "domain": "PHY.LIV",
        "industry": "",
        "version": "",
        "url": "/models/thing/q735505/",
        "tier": 2,
        "score": 59,
        "payload": {
            "layer": "wikidata",
            "aliases": [
                "right deferent duct",
                "left deferent duct"
            ],
            "aliasCount": 2,
            "merged": 2,
            "knownIn": 59,
            "facets": null,
            "markers": [],
            "lexicalClass": "",
            "senseRank": null,
            "alsoRegisteredAs": null,
            "source": {
                "dataset": "wikidata",
                "item": "Q735505",
                "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735505",
                "license": "CC0 1.0"
            }
        },
        "research": {
            "vercy": "1.0-draft",
            "publication": {
                "status": "research-draft",
                "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed",
                "publishableCanonical": false,
                "generatedAt": "2026-09-09T23:25:18Z",
                "providers": [
                    "Codex"
                ],
                "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read",
                "missingProviders": [],
                "pass": 2,
                "cost": {
                    "grok": {
                        "seconds": 17.3,
                        "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a0887c-9b76-7812-a796-bda8aaa70620\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: vas deferens\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: PHY.LIV\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 1001 things:\n# Batch 007: 1001 re",
                        "usd": 0,
                        "recall": true
                    },
                    "codex": {
                        "seconds": 55.7,
                        "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a0887c-9b7e-7f61-aff9-eb8bedcee4d1\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: vas deferens\nRegistry id: vr.tr.vas-deferens\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.LIV\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n"
                    }
                }
            },
            "metaModel": {
                "id": "THING-Q735505",
                "registryId": "vr.tr.vas-deferens",
                "name": "vas deferens",
                "version": "0.1.0-research.1",
                "entryKind": "thing",
                "family": "Thing Registry",
                "domain": [
                    "PHY.LIV"
                ],
                "status": "research-draft"
            },
            "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q735505/",
            "model": {
                "registry_id": "vr.tr.vas-deferens",
                "name": "vas deferens",
                "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a vas deferens, record its anatomical continuity and condition, and distinguish observations that support assessment or specialist intervention from those that remain uncertain.",
                "definition": "The vas deferens, or ductus deferens, is a paired muscular duct of the male reproductive tract that conveys sperm from the epididymis and, in humans, joins the duct of the seminal vesicle to form the ejaculatory duct.",
                "scope_statement": "This model owns the vas deferens as an individual anatomical duct, including its course, wall, lumen, connections, sperm-transport role, and congenital or acquired alterations; human anatomy is the default, with species recorded explicitly.",
                "in_scope": [
                    "Identification of an individual left or right vas deferens and its anatomical context",
                    "Course and continuity from the epididymal duct to the junction forming the ejaculatory duct",
                    "Wall, lumen, patency, and local structural changes",
                    "Contribution to sperm transport during emission",
                    "Congenital variation, injury, obstruction, and effects of procedures involving the duct"
                ],
                "out_of_scope": [
                    "Whole-organism taxonomy, habitat, and conservation status",
                    "Testicular sperm production and endocrine function",
                    "Epididymal sperm maturation and storage as separate processes",
                    "Seminal-vesicle secretion and ejaculatory-duct pathology except at their interfaces",
                    "Whole-person fertility diagnosis, contraceptive counselling, and treatment selection",
                    "Detailed operative instructions for vasectomy or reconstructive surgery"
                ],
                "distinguishing_features": [
                    "Anatomical continuity with the epididymal duct identifies its origin; proximity to the testis alone does not establish identity.",
                    "Its distal junction with the seminal-vesicle duct marks the transition to the ejaculatory duct in typical human anatomy.",
                    "A relatively narrow lumen and prominent smooth-muscle wall support identification, but histological appearance should be combined with anatomical location.",
                    "It is one component of the spermatic cord, rather than the cord as a whole, and must be distinguished from accompanying vessels and nerves.",
                    "It is a sperm-conducting duct rather than the urine-conducting ureter or the coiled epididymal duct."
                ],
                "characteristics": [
                    {
                        "name": "Species and anatomical subject",
                        "kind": "relation",
                        "unit_or_values": "Species identifier and individual, specimen, or examination reference",
                        "why_it_matters": "Prevents human anatomical expectations or observations from one subject being applied to another."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Laterality",
                        "kind": "category",
                        "unit_or_values": "Left; right; indeterminate",
                        "why_it_matters": "An observation or intervention on one duct does not establish the state of the other."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Presence and identification confidence",
                        "kind": "state",
                        "unit_or_values": "Identified; suspected; not visualised; confirmed absent; indeterminate, with evidence",
                        "why_it_matters": "Failure to locate the duct must not automatically become a diagnosis of congenital absence."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Anatomical course and connections",
                        "kind": "relation",
                        "unit_or_values": "Observed segment, landmarks, epididymal connection, and distal junction",
                        "why_it_matters": "Establishes identity, localisation, and the boundaries with neighbouring ducts."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Segment dimensions",
                        "kind": "measurement",
                        "unit_or_values": "Length in mm or cm; external diameter, lumen diameter, and wall thickness in mm, with segment and method",
                        "why_it_matters": "Allows local changes to be described without treating measurements from different segments or preparations as equivalent."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Structural continuity",
                        "kind": "state",
                        "unit_or_values": "Continuous; interrupted; surgically reconnected; indeterminate",
                        "why_it_matters": "Records whether the duct remains anatomically connected without assuming its lumen is open."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Luminal patency",
                        "kind": "state",
                        "unit_or_values": "Patent; partially obstructed; obstructed; indeterminate, with location and assessment method",
                        "why_it_matters": "Separates the presence of a duct from evidence that material can pass through it."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Wall and surrounding-tissue condition",
                        "kind": "state",
                        "unit_or_values": "Documented findings such as unremarkable appearance, inflammation, fibrosis, calcification, or injury; unknown",
                        "why_it_matters": "Local tissue changes can affect interpretation and the feasibility of specialist management."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Procedure history",
                        "kind": "relation",
                        "unit_or_values": "Procedure type, date, side, segment, source record, and documented outcome",
                        "why_it_matters": "Explains acquired interruption or reconstruction and prevents postoperative anatomy being mistaken for a congenital variant."
                    }
                ],
                "affordances": [
                    "Identify and localise a suspected vas deferens using documented anatomical connections and examination evidence.",
                    "Compare left and right ducts while preserving separate findings and uncertainty for each side.",
                    "Describe a suspected obstruction, interruption, or tissue abnormality by segment and evidence.",
                    "Link prior vasectomy, reconstruction, or injury records to the affected duct and subsequent assessments.",
                    "Flag discordant observations or unresolved anatomy for qualified clinical review.",
                    "Track changes over time without equating anatomical appearance with fertility or contraceptive success."
                ]
            },
            "sources": [],
            "structure": {
                "bundles": [
                    {
                        "id": "duct-identity-and-boundaries",
                        "name": "Duct identity and boundaries",
                        "description": "Establish which duct is being described and where its anatomical ownership begins and ends.",
                        "rationale": "Confusing the vas deferens with adjacent ducts or the entire spermatic cord would invalidate later assessments.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "subject-side-and-presence",
                                "name": "Subject, side, and presence",
                                "description": "Anchor identification to a species, anatomical subject, and side.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "identified-duct",
                                        "name": "Identified duct",
                                        "description": "Record the basis for identifying a particular vas deferens, including uncertainty when it cannot be located.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which species, individual or specimen, and side does this duct belong to?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "id": "identified-duct-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "What evidence distinguishes an identified duct, a duct not visualised, and a duct confirmed absent?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "id": "identified-duct-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "course-and-junctions",
                                "name": "Course and junctions",
                                "description": "Locate the duct through its anatomical course and transitions to neighbouring structures.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "anatomical-extent",
                                        "name": "Anatomical extent",
                                        "description": "Describe the observed course and the evidence for proximal and distal connections.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which landmarks and connections distinguish this structure from the epididymal duct, ureter, or accompanying vessels?",
                                                "kind": "boundary",
                                                "id": "anatomical-extent-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Where does the recorded vas deferens begin and end, and which portions were actually observed?",
                                                "kind": "boundary",
                                                "id": "anatomical-extent-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "wall-lumen-and-continuity",
                        "name": "Wall, lumen, and continuity",
                        "description": "Represent the physical condition of the duct at a specified segment.",
                        "rationale": "Anatomical continuity, wall integrity, and an open lumen are distinct properties that must not be collapsed into a single normal-or-abnormal judgement.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "segment-morphology",
                                "name": "Segment morphology",
                                "description": "Describe dimensions and tissue features with their measurement context.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "wall-and-lumen-observations",
                                        "name": "Wall and lumen observations",
                                        "description": "Record segment-specific wall and lumen observations without assuming a universal dimensional threshold.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "What are the observed wall thickness and lumen or external diameter, and at which segment were they measured?",
                                                "kind": "measurement",
                                                "id": "wall-and-lumen-observations-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which examination or specimen-preparation method produced the observations, and how does it limit interpretation?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "id": "wall-and-lumen-observations-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "continuity-and-obstruction",
                                "name": "Continuity and obstruction",
                                "description": "Separate anatomical connection from evidence of luminal passage.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "localised-continuity-and-patency",
                                        "name": "Localised continuity and patency",
                                        "description": "Locate any interruption or suspected obstruction and preserve the distinction between direct evidence and inference.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "Is the duct structurally continuous, interrupted, or reconnected, and where is the relevant segment?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "id": "localised-continuity-and-patency-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "What evidence supports the recorded patency state, and does it localise the problem to this duct?",
                                                "kind": "measurement",
                                                "id": "localised-continuity-and-patency-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "sperm-transport-and-functional-evidence",
                        "name": "Sperm transport and functional evidence",
                        "description": "Connect the duct's transport role to observations while respecting the limits of system-level evidence.",
                        "rationale": "A present or apparently patent vas deferens does not by itself establish effective sperm delivery or fertility.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "transport-role",
                                "name": "Transport role",
                                "description": "Represent the duct's contribution to moving sperm from the epididymal duct towards the ejaculatory duct.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "transport-capability",
                                        "name": "Transport capability",
                                        "description": "Distinguish an anatomical route from evidence about muscular transport during emission.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "What role does this duct have in sperm transport, and which functions belong instead to the testis, epididymis, or downstream tract?",
                                                "kind": "boundary",
                                                "id": "transport-capability-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Is transport capability directly assessed, inferred from anatomy, or currently unknown?",
                                                "kind": "measurement",
                                                "id": "transport-capability-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "reproductive-system-interfaces",
                                "name": "Reproductive-system interfaces",
                                "description": "Link relevant reproductive observations without assigning all reproductive outcomes to this duct.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "limits-of-functional-inference",
                                        "name": "Limits of functional inference",
                                        "description": "Record what semen findings and upstream or downstream observations can establish about the individual duct.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which linked observations support a transport problem, and what remains unresolved about its side and location?",
                                                "kind": "measurement",
                                                "id": "limits-of-functional-inference-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which conclusions require a whole-person fertility or reproductive-tract assessment beyond this model?",
                                                "kind": "boundary",
                                                "id": "limits-of-functional-inference-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "variation-injury-and-procedure-state",
                        "name": "Variation, injury, and procedure state",
                        "description": "Describe congenital differences, acquired damage, and procedural changes affecting the duct.",
                        "rationale": "Similar appearances can arise from different causes and require different interpretations of history and follow-up evidence.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "congenital-and-acquired-changes",
                                "name": "Congenital and acquired changes",
                                "description": "Separate developmental variation from disease, trauma, and previous intervention.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "origin-and-extent-of-alteration",
                                        "name": "Origin and extent of alteration",
                                        "description": "Record the affected side and segment, the proposed cause, and the evidence supporting that cause.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "What evidence supports congenital absence or variation rather than acquired interruption or incomplete observation?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "id": "origin-and-extent-of-alteration-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which local changes are documented, and are their cause and extent established or still uncertain?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "id": "origin-and-extent-of-alteration-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "intervention-and-follow-up",
                                "name": "Intervention and follow-up",
                                "description": "Associate procedures with their anatomical targets and separately documented outcomes.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "procedure-specific-state",
                                        "name": "Procedure-specific state",
                                        "description": "Track interruption, occlusion, or reconstruction and the evidence needed to interpret its subsequent state.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which procedure affected which side and segment, when was it performed, and what record confirms it?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "id": "procedure-specific-state-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "What qualified follow-up assessment is needed before drawing conclusions about patency, contraceptive effectiveness, or restored sperm transport?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "id": "procedure-specific-state-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment",
                        "name": "Evidence and external alignment",
                        "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.",
                        "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "reported-evidence",
                                "name": "Reported evidence",
                                "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "evidence-confidence-notes",
                                        "name": "Check these first",
                                        "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.",
                                        "evidence": [
                                            "The description and length estimate concern adult human anatomy; homologous ducts differ across animal groups.",
                                            "Published length estimates vary with anatomical boundaries and measurement method.",
                                            "CFTR associations are strongest for congenital bilateral absence; unilateral absence has a different pattern of associated anomalies."
                                        ],
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01",
                                                "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of vas deferens this model covers, and on what evidence?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    },
                                    {
                                        "id": "evidence-identifiers",
                                        "name": "Identifiers and schemes",
                                        "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.",
                                        "evidence": [
                                            {
                                                "scheme": "Terminologia Anatomica",
                                                "value_or_pattern": "ductus deferens",
                                                "note": "Standard Latin anatomical name; vas deferens is a widely used synonym."
                                            }
                                        ],
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01",
                                                "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of vas deferens this model covers, and on what evidence?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    },
                                    {
                                        "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation",
                                        "name": "Standards and regulation",
                                        "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.",
                                        "evidence": [
                                            "Terminologia Anatomica, maintained by the Federative International Programme for Anatomical Terminology (FIPAT), standardizes anatomical nomenclature."
                                        ],
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01",
                                                "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of vas deferens this model covers, and on what evidence?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    },
                                    {
                                        "id": "evidence-real-world-use",
                                        "name": "Real-world use",
                                        "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.",
                                        "evidence": [
                                            "Transports sperm through smooth-muscle contractions during seminal emission.",
                                            "Is divided or occluded during vasectomy.",
                                            "Can be surgically reconnected by vasovasostomy.",
                                            "Is evaluated for obstruction or congenital absence during investigation of male infertility."
                                        ],
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01",
                                                "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of vas deferens this model covers, and on what evidence?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    },
                                    {
                                        "id": "evidence-measurements",
                                        "name": "Typical measurements",
                                        "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.",
                                        "evidence": [
                                            {
                                                "quantity": "Length of each duct in an adult human",
                                                "typical_range": "Approximately 30-45",
                                                "unit": "cm"
                                            }
                                        ],
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "evidence-measurements-q01",
                                                "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of vas deferens this model covers, and on what evidence?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    },
                                    {
                                        "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards",
                                        "name": "Failure modes and hazards",
                                        "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.",
                                        "evidence": [
                                            "Bilateral obstruction can prevent sperm from entering the ejaculate and cause obstructive azoospermia.",
                                            "Congenital bilateral absence is often associated with CFTR variants and may occur with other reproductive or urinary tract anomalies.",
                                            "Injury during inguinal or scrotal surgery can impair sperm transport.",
                                            "Recanalization after vasectomy can restore a pathway for sperm and permit pregnancy."
                                        ],
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01",
                                                "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of vas deferens this model covers, and on what evidence?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    },
                                    {
                                        "id": "evidence-neighbours",
                                        "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart",
                                        "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.",
                                        "evidence": [
                                            {
                                                "name": "epididymis",
                                                "difference": "Its coiled duct supports sperm maturation and storage; the vas deferens continues from its tail as a thick muscular transport duct."
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "name": "ejaculatory duct",
                                                "difference": "In humans, this begins where the vas deferens joins the seminal vesicle duct and passes through the prostate to the urethra."
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "name": "ureter",
                                                "difference": "Carries urine from a kidney to the bladder rather than sperm from the epididymis."
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "name": "spermatic cord",
                                                "difference": "Is a composite structure containing the vas deferens alongside vessels, nerves and other tissues."
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "name": "seminal vesicle",
                                                "difference": "Is a gland that contributes seminal fluid; the vas deferens principally transports sperm."
                                            }
                                        ],
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01",
                                                "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of vas deferens this model covers, and on what evidence?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    }
                ]
            },
            "openQuestions": [
                "Should this registry model remain explicitly human-focused or support multiple species with separate anatomical expectations?",
                "Which segment-specific reference measurements and examination methods are sufficiently supported to include, accounting for age and specimen preparation?",
                "What evidence standards should distinguish non-visualisation, suspected congenital absence, and confirmed absence?",
                "Which assessments can establish patency or transport for an individual side, and how should uncertainty from system-level tests be represented?",
                "Which associated developmental findings and post-procedure follow-up requirements should be linked from neighbouring clinical models?"
            ],
            "statistics": {
                "bundles": 5,
                "layers": 9,
                "findings": 15,
                "questions": 23
            }
        },
        "draft": {
            "generator": "vr.draft.v3",
            "status": "draft-generated",
            "researched": false,
            "archetype": "organism",
            "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.",
            "facetsInferred": true,
            "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.",
            "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a vas deferens, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.",
            "whatItIs": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a vas deferens, record its anatomical continuity and condition, and distinguish observations that support assessment or specialist intervention from those that remain uncertain.",
            "characteristics": {
                "substance": "living",
                "origin": "natural",
                "agency": "autonomous",
                "mobility": "self-moving"
            },
            "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [
                "observed and measured"
            ],
            "distinguishingFeatures": [
                "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: right deferent duct, left deferent duct.",
                "2 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.",
                "Described in 59 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is."
            ],
            "openQuestionsForResearch": [
                "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?",
                "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?",
                "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a vas deferens, and on what evidence are they told apart?"
            ],
            "whatItIsMadeOf": "a living thing",
            "physicalCharacter": [
                "Moves under its own power or of its own accord.",
                "Acts on its own behalf.",
                "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing."
            ],
            "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [
                "observe it, measure it, record its state"
            ],
            "howItIsRecognised": [
                "Recognised by diagnostic characters, and those differ by life stage - the young of many kinds are mistaken for other kinds entirely. A sighting is settled by characters, a photograph and a place, not by a name alone."
            ],
            "relatedModels": [
                {
                    "relation": "covers",
                    "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.",
                    "targets": [
                        "right deferent duct",
                        "left deferent duct"
                    ]
                }
            ],
            "standing": "Described in 59 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 2 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.",
            "structure": {
                "bundles": [
                    {
                        "id": "identity-and-classification",
                        "name": "Identity, naming and classification",
                        "description": "How an agent tells one vas deferens from another, and a vas deferens from things that resemble it.",
                        "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "naming-and-identifiers",
                                "name": "Names and identifiers",
                                "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases",
                                        "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names",
                                        "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a vas deferens, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a vas deferens, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a vas deferens is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    },
                                    {
                                        "id": "stable-identifiers",
                                        "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys",
                                        "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "stable-identifiers-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a vas deferens, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "stable-identifiers-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a vas deferens, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "stable-identifiers-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a vas deferens is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "classification-and-granularity",
                                "name": "Classification and granularity",
                                "description": "Where a vas deferens sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "kind-and-parents",
                                        "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds",
                                        "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "kind-and-parents-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a vas deferens, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "kind-and-parents-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a vas deferens, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "kind-and-parents-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a vas deferens is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    },
                                    {
                                        "id": "distinguishing-features",
                                        "name": "Distinguishing features",
                                        "description": "What separates a vas deferens from the things most often confused with it.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "distinguishing-features-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a vas deferens, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "distinguishing-features-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a vas deferens, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "distinguishing-features-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a vas deferens is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "form-and-composition",
                        "name": "Form, composition and condition",
                        "description": "What a vas deferens is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.",
                        "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "form-and-dimensions",
                                "name": "Form and dimensions",
                                "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "measurable-dimensions",
                                        "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units",
                                        "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a vas deferens, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a vas deferens, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a vas deferens is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "material-and-composition",
                                "name": "Material and composition",
                                "description": "Anatomy, parts and life stage.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "parts-and-materials",
                                        "name": "Parts and life stages",
                                        "description": "The parts of a vas deferens and the stages it passes through.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "parts-and-materials-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a vas deferens, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "parts-and-materials-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a vas deferens, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "parts-and-materials-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a vas deferens is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "condition-and-integrity",
                                "name": "Condition and integrity",
                                "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "condition-assessment",
                                        "name": "Condition, damage and health",
                                        "description": "How the condition of a vas deferens is judged and by whom.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "condition-assessment-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a vas deferens, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "condition-assessment-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a vas deferens, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "condition-assessment-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a vas deferens is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "place-and-movement",
                        "name": "Place and movement",
                        "description": "Where a vas deferens is, how it got there and where it may go (self-moving).",
                        "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "location-and-placement",
                                "name": "Location and placement",
                                "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "position-and-frame",
                                        "name": "Position, container and reference frame",
                                        "description": "Where a vas deferens is, and what that position is measured against.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "position-and-frame-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a vas deferens, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "position-and-frame-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a vas deferens, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "position-and-frame-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a vas deferens is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "movement-and-transfer",
                                "name": "Movement and transfer",
                                "description": "How a vas deferens moves on its own.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "movement-events",
                                        "name": "Movement events and constraints",
                                        "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "movement-events-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a vas deferens, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "movement-events-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a vas deferens, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "movement-events-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a vas deferens is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "state-and-lifecycle",
                        "name": "State and lifecycle",
                        "description": "The states a vas deferens passes through and the events that move it between them.",
                        "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "lifecycle-stages",
                                "name": "Lifecycle stages",
                                "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "stages-and-transitions",
                                        "name": "Stages and transitions",
                                        "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a vas deferens between them.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a vas deferens, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a vas deferens, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a vas deferens is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "observations-and-status",
                                "name": "Observations and current status",
                                "description": "What is observed about a vas deferens, how often and by whom.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "observation-record",
                                        "name": "Observation record",
                                        "description": "How an observation of a vas deferens is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "observation-record-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a vas deferens, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "observation-record-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a vas deferens, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "observation-record-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a vas deferens is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "taxonomic-placement",
                        "name": "Taxonomic placement and identification",
                        "description": "What vas deferens is called scientifically, by whose authority, and how a specimen is recognised.",
                        "rationale": "Names change with revisions while the organism does not, so a name without its authority and date cannot be reconciled later.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "accepted-name",
                                "name": "Accepted name and synonymy",
                                "description": "The current binomial, its author and date, and the names it replaced.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "name-and-authority",
                                        "name": "Accepted name, authority and synonyms",
                                        "description": "What to record so a later revision can be applied without losing the old data.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "name-and-authority-q01",
                                                "text": "What is the accepted scientific name of vas deferens, with its author and year, and which synonyms does it absorb?",
                                                "kind": "definition"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "name-and-authority-q02",
                                                "text": "Which taxonomic authority is being followed, and what would a competing authority say?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "field-identification",
                                "name": "Field identification",
                                "description": "The characters that separate vas deferens from what it is confused with.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "diagnostic-characters",
                                        "name": "Diagnostic characters and confusable kinds",
                                        "description": "Features that settle an identification, and those that only suggest it.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "diagnostic-characters-q01",
                                                "text": "Which observable characters distinguish vas deferens from its closest look-alikes, and at which life stage are they visible?",
                                                "kind": "boundary"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "diagnostic-characters-q02",
                                                "text": "What evidence is enough to record an identification as confirmed rather than provisional?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "life-cycle-and-condition",
                        "name": "Life stages, condition and behaviour",
                        "description": "What vas deferens does over its life and how its state is judged.",
                        "rationale": "Stage and condition change what may be done - handled, treated, harvested, left alone - and both are observations with a time.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "stages-and-reproduction",
                                "name": "Stages and reproduction",
                                "description": "Development from origin to death, including forms that look like different animals.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "life-stages",
                                        "name": "Life stages and their marks",
                                        "description": "The stages worth recording and what tells them apart.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "life-stages-q01",
                                                "text": "What stages does vas deferens pass through, and what observable change marks each transition?",
                                                "kind": "definition"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "life-stages-q02",
                                                "text": "Which stages are so unlike the adult that they are mistaken for another kind?",
                                                "kind": "boundary"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "health-and-condition",
                                "name": "Health and condition",
                                "description": "How condition is assessed and by whom.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "condition-assessment",
                                        "name": "Condition assessment",
                                        "description": "Signs of health, injury and stress, and who is competent to judge them.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "condition-assessment-q01",
                                                "text": "How is the condition of vas deferens judged, on what scale, and by whom?",
                                                "kind": "measurement"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "condition-assessment-q02",
                                                "text": "What condition obliges an agent to act, and what act is permitted to whom?",
                                                "kind": "action"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "range-and-status",
                        "name": "Habitat, range and conservation status",
                        "description": "Where vas deferens lives and how threatened it is.",
                        "rationale": "Range and status govern what is lawful, and both are assessments with an assessor and a year rather than facts of nature.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "habitat-and-range",
                                "name": "Habitat and range",
                                "description": "Native range, introductions and the habitat it needs.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "range-record",
                                        "name": "Range, introductions and habitat",
                                        "description": "What to record about where it is found and how it got there.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "range-record-q01",
                                                "text": "What is the native range of vas deferens, where has it been introduced, and what habitat does it require?",
                                                "kind": "definition"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "range-record-q02",
                                                "text": "What distinguishes a native record from an introduced or vagrant one?",
                                                "kind": "boundary"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "protection-status",
                                "name": "Protection and legal status",
                                "description": "Conservation assessments and the rules that follow from them.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "status-and-rules",
                                        "name": "Conservation status and legal consequence",
                                        "description": "The assessment, its date, and what it forbids or requires where.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "status-and-rules-q01",
                                                "text": "What conservation status does vas deferens hold, under which assessment and year?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "status-and-rules-q02",
                                                "text": "What does that status forbid or require of an agent, and in which jurisdiction?",
                                                "kind": "action"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "provenance-and-evidence",
                        "name": "Provenance, evidence and time",
                        "description": "Where every claim about a vas deferens came from and when it held.",
                        "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "source-and-authority",
                                "name": "Source and authority",
                                "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "claim-provenance",
                                        "name": "Claim provenance and confidence",
                                        "description": "The authority behind each claim about a vas deferens and how confident it is.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "claim-provenance-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a vas deferens, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "claim-provenance-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a vas deferens, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "claim-provenance-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a vas deferens is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "time-and-versions",
                                "name": "Time, versions and supersession",
                                "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "validity-and-supersession",
                                        "name": "Validity period and supersession",
                                        "description": "How an old claim about a vas deferens is retired without being erased.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a vas deferens, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a vas deferens, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a vas deferens is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    }
                ]
            },
            "statistics": {
                "bundles": 8,
                "layers": 17,
                "findings": 19,
                "questions": 51
            }
        }
    }
}