{ "model": { "rank": 510, "code": "thing-q7748", "model_id": "vr.tr.law", "name": "law", "purpose": "Let an agent treat a legal rule as something with a source, a jurisdiction, a period of validity and an interpretation, never as a free-floating statement of what is allowed.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Information and virtual systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "INF", "domain": "INF.KNW", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q7748/", "tier": 2, "score": 251, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "Head of Household", "Law Courts", "legal jurisdiction", "constitutional review", "constitutional litigation", "Constitutional review in Germany", "Islamic clothing", "Tasattur", "penal system", "England and Wales", "interstate compact", "juvenile law (Germany)", "legal website", "international convention", "presidential proclamation", "traffic code", "federal law", "Article 669 of the Civil Code", "Civil Code Article 772", "exceptio non adimpleti contractus", "blasphemy law", "law in the Philippines", "law of the People's Republic of China", "law of Japan", "Hague Convention V", "international environmental agreement", "legal acts of road traffic in Latvia", "right of way", "Federal Act (Germany)", "Revised Statutes", "Federal Law of the Russian Federation", "Federal Constitutional Law of the Russian Federation", "Foral Law Code of Aragon", "Law of Taiwan", "agricultural law", "Commonwealth Act", "Republic Act", "Sharia in the Philippines", "penal system in China", "departmental rules of the State Council in PRC" ], "aliasCount": 827, "merged": 837, "knownIn": 251, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": "vr.tr.law-act", "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q7748", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-11T04:26:33Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 1, "engine": "claude" }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q7748", "registryId": "vr.tr.law", "name": "law", "version": "0.2.0-wave.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "INF.KNW" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q7748/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.law", "name": "law", "purpose": "Let an agent treat a legal rule as something with a source, a jurisdiction, a period of validity and an interpretation, never as a free-floating statement of what is allowed.", "definition": "A body of binding rules made or recognised by an authority, enforced by institutions, and applying within a jurisdiction to those it covers.", "what_it_is_for": "Governing conduct, settling disputes and allocating rights and duties with the backing of enforcement.", "affordances": [ "cite it, by its official designation and version", "apply it to facts, which is interpretation and can be contested", "comply with it, breach it, or challenge its validity", "amend or repeal it, through the procedure it or a higher rule defines" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Binding and enforceable, which separates it from ethics, guidance and custom without legal recognition", "Bounded by jurisdiction and by time: it applies somewhere, to someone, from one date to another", "Hierarchical: a constitution, a statute and a regulation do not carry equal weight", "The text and its interpretation by courts are both part of what the law is" ], "appearance": "Texts: statutes, codes, regulations, judgments and treaties, published in official gazettes and databases. Customary and religious law may have no single authoritative text.", "visual_identification": [ "An official publication with an issuing authority, a date and a designation", "Consolidated versions are convenience texts; the enacted and amending texts are the authoritative ones in many systems", "A text that looks like law may be a draft, a bill, guidance or a repealed provision" ], "physical_properties": [], "families_and_kinds": [ "by source: constitution, statute, regulation, case law, treaty, custom", "by field: criminal, civil, administrative, commercial, labour, and many more", "by system: civil law, common law, religious law, mixed systems", "by level: international, supranational, national, regional, local" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "normative rule", "why": "inherits scope, validity and authority questions" }, { "relation": "applies within", "target": "jurisdiction", "why": "the same act can be lawful in one jurisdiction and unlawful in another" }, { "relation": "is enforced by", "target": "court and public authority", "why": "enforcement is what makes the rule law rather than advice" }, { "relation": "is confused with", "target": "law as a discipline", "why": "the discipline studies law; this entry is the body of rules" } ], "identifiers": [ { "scheme": "ELI", "value_or_pattern": "European Legislation Identifier URI", "note": "identifies legislation and its versions in participating states" }, { "scheme": "ECLI", "value_or_pattern": "European Case Law Identifier", "note": "identifies judgments" }, { "scheme": "official citation", "value_or_pattern": "jurisdiction-specific", "note": "the designation courts use; formats differ by system" } ], "standards_and_regulation": [ "The constitution or basic law of each state, which governs how law is made", "Rules on promulgation and publication, which decide when a text takes effect", "Akoma Ntoso (OASIS LegalDocML), a standard for machine-readable legal texts" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Citing a repealed, amended or not yet in force version", "Applying a rule outside the jurisdiction it belongs to", "Treating a single text as the whole law when case law or higher rules modify it", "Giving an answer that reads as legal advice when the agent has no standing to give it" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Where the rule comes from and what it outranks.", "rationale": "The weight of a legal rule depends entirely on its source, and the source is what an agent must cite.", "layers": [ { "id": "source", "name": "Source and designation", "description": "The issuing authority and the official designation.", "findings": [ { "id": "source-finding", "name": "Source of the rule", "description": "Who made it, in which instrument, under which power.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which authority made this rule, in which instrument, and under what power?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "What is its official designation, and where is the authoritative text published?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "hierarchy", "name": "Place in the hierarchy", "description": "What it overrides and what overrides it.", "findings": [ { "id": "hierarchy-finding", "name": "Hierarchy of norms", "description": "Its rank relative to other applicable rules.", "questions": [ { "text": "What rank does this rule hold, and which higher rules constrain it?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "How is a conflict with another rule of the same rank resolved?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "scope-and-validity", "name": "Scope and validity", "description": "Where, when and to whom it applies.", "rationale": "Most wrong legal answers are right about the rule and wrong about its scope or its date.", "layers": [ { "id": "jurisdiction", "name": "Jurisdiction and addressees", "description": "The territory and the persons covered.", "findings": [ { "id": "jurisdiction-finding", "name": "Scope of application", "description": "Where and to whom it applies.", "questions": [ { "text": "In which jurisdiction does this rule apply, and to whom?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "text": "Which exemptions or special regimes take cases out of its scope?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "in-force", "name": "Validity in time", "description": "Entry into force, amendment and repeal.", "findings": [ { "id": "in-force-finding", "name": "Temporal validity", "description": "The dates and versions that matter.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which version was in force on the date that matters here?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Is any part of it suspended, under challenge or scheduled to change?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "interpretation-and-application", "name": "Interpretation and application", "description": "What it means for particular facts.", "rationale": "Law is applied through interpretation, and interpretation belongs to courts and competent authorities, not to an agent.", "layers": [ { "id": "interpretation", "name": "Authoritative interpretation", "description": "Case law and official guidance.", "findings": [ { "id": "interpretation-finding", "name": "Interpretive sources", "description": "The decisions and guidance that settle meaning.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which court decisions or official guidance interpret this rule?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Where is its meaning contested, and between whom?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "application", "name": "Application to facts", "description": "Bringing the rule to a situation.", "findings": [ { "id": "application-finding", "name": "Application limits", "description": "What an agent may and may not conclude.", "questions": [ { "text": "What facts decide whether this rule applies in a given case?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "At what point must an agent refer the question to a qualified professional?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "compliance-and-enforcement", "name": "Compliance and enforcement", "description": "What it requires and what happens on breach.", "rationale": "The practical content of a rule is the duty it imposes and the consequence of failing it.", "layers": [ { "id": "duties", "name": "Duties and rights", "description": "What it requires, forbids or grants.", "findings": [ { "id": "duties-finding", "name": "Operative content", "description": "The obligations and entitlements it creates.", "questions": [ { "text": "What does this rule require, forbid or permit, and of whom?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "What evidence would show compliance?", "kind": "measurement" } ] } ] }, { "id": "enforcement", "name": "Enforcement and remedies", "description": "Sanctions, remedies and who enforces them.", "findings": [ { "id": "enforcement-finding", "name": "Consequences of breach", "description": "The sanctions and remedies and the bodies that apply them.", "questions": [ { "text": "What sanctions or remedies follow a breach, and who applies them?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "What time limits apply to enforcing it?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should the registry model a legal provision, a legal act and a legal system as separate entries?", "How should a model record the version in force at a given date, given retroactive and delayed effect?", "What should an agent do when two applicable rules conflict and no court has resolved it?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "discipline or field of knowledge", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a law, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Let an agent treat a legal rule as something with a source, a jurisdiction, a period of validity and an interpretation, never as a free-floating statement of what is allowed.", "characteristics": { "substance": "information", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "read and interpreted" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: Head of Household, Law Courts, legal jurisdiction, constitutional review, constitutional litigation, Constitutional review in Germany, Islamic clothing, Tasattur, penal system, England and Wales, interstate compact, juvenile law (Germany).", "837 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 251 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a law, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "content that has to be carried by something else", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "read it and act on what it says" ], "howItIsRecognised": [], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "Head of Household", "Law Courts", "legal jurisdiction", "constitutional review", "constitutional litigation", "Constitutional review in Germany", "Islamic clothing", "Tasattur", "penal system", "England and Wales", "interstate compact", "juvenile law (Germany)" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 251 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 837 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one law from another, and a law from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a law, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a law, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a law is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a law, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a law, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a law is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a law sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a law, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a law, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a law is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a law from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a law, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a law, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a law is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a law passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a law between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a law, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a law, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a law is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a law, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a law is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a law, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a law, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a law is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "content-and-access", "name": "Content, encoding and access", "description": "What a law says, how it is encoded and who may read it.", "rationale": "An informational thing carries content that can be copied, versioned and withheld, none of which its physical carrier explains.", "layers": [ { "id": "content-and-encoding", "name": "Content and encoding", "description": "The content itself, its format and its language.", "findings": [ { "id": "content-and-format", "name": "Content, format and language", "description": "What a law contains and in what form it is held.", "questions": [ { "id": "content-and-format-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the content of a law, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "content-and-format-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the content of a law, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "content-and-format-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the content of a law is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "access-and-rights", "name": "Access, rights and retention", "description": "Who may read, copy or change it, and for how long it is kept.", "findings": [ { "id": "access-rules", "name": "Access rules and retention", "description": "The permissions attached to a law and the period it survives.", "questions": [ { "id": "access-rules-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes access to a law, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "access-rules-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about access to a law, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "access-rules-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once access to a law is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "subject-and-method", "name": "Subject matter and method", "description": "What law studies and how it establishes anything.", "rationale": "A field is identified by its questions and its methods, and those are what distinguish it from the fields next to it.", "layers": [ { "id": "subject", "name": "Subject matter", "description": "The questions it takes as its own.", "findings": [ { "id": "subject-record", "name": "Questions and objects of study", "description": "What it is about, stated so a neighbouring field can be told apart.", "questions": [ { "id": "subject-record-q01", "text": "What questions and objects does law take as its own?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "subject-record-q02", "text": "Which questions does it share with a neighbouring field, and who claims them?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "method", "name": "Method and evidence", "description": "How claims are established and what counts as evidence.", "findings": [ { "id": "method-record", "name": "Methods and standards of evidence", "description": "The methods used and what they are taken to establish.", "questions": [ { "id": "method-record-q01", "text": "By what methods does law establish claims, and what counts as sufficient evidence?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "method-record-q02", "text": "What kind of claim can this field not settle, and where should an agent look instead?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "institutions-and-classification", "name": "Institutions and classification", "description": "Where law is practised and how catalogues place it.", "rationale": "The institutional footprint is the evidence that a field exists as a field rather than as a topic.", "layers": [ { "id": "institutions", "name": "Institutional markers", "description": "Societies, journals, degrees and departments.", "findings": [ { "id": "institution-record", "name": "Bodies and venues", "description": "Where the field organises itself.", "questions": [ { "id": "institution-record-q01", "text": "Which societies, journals or degrees mark law as an established field?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "institution-record-q02", "text": "What would show that it is emerging or dissolving rather than established?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification", "name": "Classification schemes", "description": "Where library and research classifications put it.", "findings": [ { "id": "classification-record", "name": "Codes and their disagreements", "description": "The classification codes that place it, and where they differ.", "questions": [ { "id": "classification-record-q01", "text": "Which classification schemes place law, under what codes?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "classification-record-q02", "text": "Where do those schemes disagree about its scope?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a law came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a law and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a law, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a law, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a law is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a law is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a law, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a law, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a law is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 12, "findings": 14, "questions": 38 } } } }