{ "model": { "rank": 1447, "code": "thing-q7881", "model_id": "vr.tr.skeleton", "name": "skeleton", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise an anatomical skeleton, assess its completeness and structural condition, and determine which examination, handling or intervention is appropriate.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.OBJ", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q7881/", "tier": 2, "score": 146, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "animal skeleton", "Geoff Peterson", "skeletal remains", "Lake Mungo remains", "endoskeleton", "deer skeleton", "Canis lupus familiaris skeletal system", "hydrostatic skeleton", "exoskeleton", "bird skeleton", "snake skeleton", "endoskeleton of insects", "stomochord", "lorica", "Cacho", "Coenosteum", "scutum", "coccosphere" ], "aliasCount": 18, "merged": 18, "knownIn": 146, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": "vr.tr.skeleton", "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q7881", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7881", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-06T20:22:29Z", "providers": [ "Codex", "Grok" ], "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "usd": 0.01184492, "turns": 1, "seconds": 136, "error": null }, "codex_seconds": 64 } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q7881", "registryId": "vr.tr.skeleton", "name": "skeleton", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.OBJ" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q7881/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.skeleton", "name": "skeleton", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise an anatomical skeleton, assess its completeness and structural condition, and determine which examination, handling or intervention is appropriate.", "definition": "A skeleton is an animal's rigid or pressurized supporting framework - typically an internal articulated endoskeleton of bone and cartilage in vertebrates, a cuticular exoskeleton in arthropods, or a fluid-filled hydrostatic skeleton in some soft-bodied taxa - that maintains shape, protects viscera, and transmits muscular force.", "scope_statement": "This model owns an organism's internal anatomical supporting framework of bone and/or cartilage, including attached, disarticulated and partial skeletal material; whether the registry also intends exoskeletons requires clarification.", "in_scope": [ "Whole skeletons and identifiable partial skeletal assemblages", "Skeletal elements, their anatomical identities and their relationships", "Completeness, articulation, alignment and structural continuity", "Observed skeletal changes, damage, preservation and reconstruction", "Constraints on examination, movement, sampling and intervention" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Whole-organism physiology, behaviour and general health", "Muscles, tendons and other soft tissues except where their attachments constrain skeletal interpretation", "Medical diagnoses or treatments requiring a separate clinical assessment", "Fossil-bearing rock, burial contexts and collection facilities as independently managed things", "Architectural frames, software skeletons and other metaphorical uses", "Replicas and digital skeletal representations as objects distinct from the anatomical material they depict" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Its elements can be interpreted as parts of an organism's internal anatomical supporting framework rather than an engineered frame.", "A claimed whole skeleton should have anatomically interpretable element relationships; a pile of bones requires assessment before being treated as one individual's skeleton.", "A partial skeleton must be identified as partial rather than implying that absent elements were absent during life.", "Original skeletal material can be distinguished, or explicitly left unresolved, from casts, replacement elements and mounting hardware.", "A shell or external supporting covering falls outside the provisional internal-framework scope and must be flagged for a registry boundary decision." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Organism attribution", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Recorded taxon or organism group, identification basis and confidence; unknown allowed", "why_it_matters": "Determines which anatomical expectations can reasonably be used to assess identity and completeness." }, { "name": "Biological and specimen context", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "In a living organism; post-mortem in situ; recovered specimen; fossilised material; mixed or unresolved", "why_it_matters": "Changes what can be observed and which actions require clinical, collection or contextual controls." }, { "name": "Skeletal material", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Bone; cartilage; mixed; mineral-replaced material; unresolved, recorded by element where necessary", "why_it_matters": "Supports recognition and selection of suitable examination and handling methods." }, { "name": "Element representation", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Identified element counts and represented portions, with the anatomical reference and counting method stated", "why_it_matters": "Makes completeness assessable without treating fragments as complete elements." }, { "name": "Individual association", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Element-to-individual attribution: supported; tentative; unassigned; conflicting", "why_it_matters": "Prevents a mixed assemblage from being interpreted as one coherent skeleton." }, { "name": "Articulation and alignment", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Anatomically connected; disarticulated; reconstructed; displaced; unresolved, by connection", "why_it_matters": "Distinguishes observed anatomical relationships from those introduced during assembly." }, { "name": "Element dimensions", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Millimetres or degrees, with named landmarks, method and uncertainty", "why_it_matters": "Supports comparison, fit assessment and detection of changes without relying on visual impressions alone." }, { "name": "Structural condition", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Location-specific observations of continuity, cracking, fragmentation, deformation, surface loss and instability", "why_it_matters": "Identifies vulnerable regions and the evidence needed before movement or intervention." }, { "name": "Introduced material", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Element-to-adhesive, support, implant or replacement relationship, with location and known purpose", "why_it_matters": "Separates anatomical material from additions that affect appearance, loading or interpretation." } ], "affordances": [ "Inventory skeletal elements and map fragments to anatomical regions with explicit uncertainty.", "Compare represented elements and connections against an appropriate anatomical reference.", "Assess proposed articulation or reconstruction without treating a plausible fit as established provenance.", "Select examination or imaging methods suited to the material and living or specimen context.", "Plan supported handling, movement or storage around identified weak elements and unstable connections.", "Evaluate whether sampling, repair or clinical intervention is within the agent's authority and sufficiently supported by evidence." ] }, "sources": [ { "id": "gray-anatomy", "title": "Gray's Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice", "url": "", "what_it_supports": "Standard clinical description of the human skeletal system, axial/appendicular division, bone counts, and functional roles of support, protection, and leverage." }, { "id": "ta2-fipat", "title": "Terminologia Anatomica, 2nd edition (TA2)", "url": "", "what_it_supports": "International anatomical nomenclature for the skeletal system and named bones issued by FIPAT/IFAA." }, { "id": "white-folkens", "title": "The Human Bone Manual", "url": "", "what_it_supports": "Practical osteology: element identification, adult vs juvenile skeletons, measurements used in bioarchaeology and forensic anthropology, taphonomy and completeness." }, { "id": "buikstra-ubelaker-1994", "title": "Standards for Data Collection from Human Skeletal Remains", "url": "", "what_it_supports": "Widely used recording protocol for archaeological human skeletons (inventory, age, sex, metrics, pathology)." }, { "id": "wikipedia-skeleton", "title": "Skeleton", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skeleton", "what_it_supports": "Overview of endoskeleton, exoskeleton, and hydrostatic skeleton as the three mechanical types distinguished in comparative biology.", "url_status": "live" } ], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "skeletal-identity", "name": "Skeletal identity", "description": "Establishes what anatomical framework is represented and whether its elements belong together.", "rationale": "Completeness and condition cannot be interpreted reliably without an appropriate anatomical identity and individual association.", "layers": [ { "id": "anatomical-attribution", "name": "Anatomical attribution", "description": "Records the evidence for recognising skeletal material and attributing it to an organism group.", "findings": [ { "id": "framework-identification", "name": "Framework identification", "description": "An evidence-qualified identification of the material as an internal skeleton or part of one.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which observable anatomical features support identifying this material as a skeleton or skeletal element?", "kind": "definition", "id": "framework-identification-q01" }, { "text": "Which organism attribution is supported, by what reference or examination, and with what uncertainty?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "framework-identification-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "individual-association", "name": "Individual association", "description": "Tests whether an assemblage represents one individual, several individuals or an unresolved mixture.", "findings": [ { "id": "element-belonging", "name": "Element belonging", "description": "Records supported and disputed associations between elements and individuals.", "questions": [ { "text": "What recovery records, anatomical matches or other observations support assigning these elements to the same individual?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "element-belonging-q01" }, { "text": "Do duplicate sided elements, incompatible sizes or conflicting context indicate that some elements must remain separately attributed?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "element-belonging-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "anatomical-coverage", "name": "Anatomical coverage", "description": "Describes which skeletal regions and elements are represented and how they connect.", "rationale": "A skeleton's identity depends on an anatomical arrangement, while missing or reconstructed portions limit what can be inferred.", "layers": [ { "id": "element-inventory", "name": "Element inventory", "description": "Maps present, partial, unobserved and missing elements against a stated anatomical reference.", "findings": [ { "id": "represented-anatomy", "name": "Represented anatomy", "description": "A region-by-region account of skeletal coverage without conflating absence with lack of observation.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which elements, sides and portions are identified, and which fragments remain unassigned?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "represented-anatomy-q01" }, { "text": "For each expected but unrecorded element, is it demonstrably absent, inaccessible, unpreserved or simply not yet examined?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "represented-anatomy-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "connections-and-orientation", "name": "Connections and orientation", "description": "Records anatomical connections, element orientation and the basis for any assembly.", "findings": [ { "id": "articulation-evidence", "name": "Articulation evidence", "description": "Distinguishes preserved anatomical relationships from proposed or constructed arrangements.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which connections are observed in place, inferred from matching surfaces or imposed by reconstruction?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "articulation-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "Which orientations or connections remain uncertain enough to prevent a confident reconstruction?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "articulation-evidence-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-variation", "name": "Form and variation", "description": "Records skeletal dimensions and developmental or anatomical variation relevant to interpretation.", "rationale": "Differences in skeletal form must be described before they are interpreted as damage, abnormality or mismatched elements.", "layers": [ { "id": "skeletal-geometry", "name": "Skeletal geometry", "description": "Captures comparable measurements of elements and their spatial relationships.", "findings": [ { "id": "landmarked-dimensions", "name": "Landmarked dimensions", "description": "Measurements tied to identifiable anatomical landmarks and observation methods.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which lengths, angles or proportions matter for the intended comparison, and how are their landmarks defined?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "landmarked-dimensions-q01" }, { "text": "How do missing portions, deformation or imaging limitations affect each reported measurement?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "landmarked-dimensions-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "development-and-variation", "name": "Development and variation", "description": "Separates observed developmental features and anatomical differences from unsupported interpretations.", "findings": [ { "id": "variation-assessment", "name": "Variation assessment", "description": "Records features such as fusion, asymmetry and unusual element form with appropriate comparison limits.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which fusion states, asymmetries or unusual forms are directly observed, and which are obscured or reconstructed?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "variation-assessment-q01" }, { "text": "What suitable comparative evidence is needed before interpreting these features as developmental variation or a pathological change?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "variation-assessment-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "skeletal-condition", "name": "Skeletal condition", "description": "Assesses the integrity of skeletal material and distinguishes observations from explanations of change.", "rationale": "Local damage can compromise both physical stability and anatomical interpretation, while its timing and cause may remain uncertain.", "layers": [ { "id": "material-integrity", "name": "Material integrity", "description": "Locates loss of continuity, surface deterioration and unstable skeletal regions.", "findings": [ { "id": "damage-and-stability", "name": "Damage and stability", "description": "A localised account of defects and their implications for support or handling.", "questions": [ { "text": "Where are cracks, breaks, deformation, surface loss or unstable fragments present, and how extensive are they?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "damage-and-stability-q01" }, { "text": "Which elements or connections need support or further assessment before loading, repositioning or handling?", "kind": "action", "id": "damage-and-stability-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "change-interpretation", "name": "Change interpretation", "description": "Records evidence about when and how skeletal alterations arose.", "findings": [ { "id": "alteration-history", "name": "Alteration history", "description": "Separates directly observed alterations from tentative accounts of biological change, post-mortem damage or preparation.", "questions": [ { "text": "What observations or records support attributing an alteration to change during life, post-mortem processes or later preparation?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "alteration-history-q01" }, { "text": "Which competing explanations remain unresolved, and what examination could distinguish them?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "alteration-history-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "examination-and-intervention", "name": "Examination and intervention", "description": "Connects skeletal evidence and context to appropriate examination, handling and modification.", "rationale": "The same anatomical element requires different decisions when it is part of a living organism, a fragile specimen or a reconstructed display.", "layers": [ { "id": "access-and-handling", "name": "Access and handling", "description": "Determines how skeletal material can be examined or moved without unsupported assumptions about stability or access.", "findings": [ { "id": "examination-plan", "name": "Examination plan", "description": "An examination and handling approach tied to the skeletal question and physical context.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is the skeleton within a living organism, exposed in situ or held as a specimen, and how does that constrain access?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "examination-plan-q01" }, { "text": "Which examination method or supported movement can answer the current anatomical question, given the identified fragile regions and access constraints?", "kind": "action", "id": "examination-plan-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "modification-and-sampling", "name": "Modification and sampling", "description": "Records the justification, authority and anatomical consequences of proposed changes.", "findings": [ { "id": "intervention-decision", "name": "Intervention decision", "description": "A reviewable decision about sampling, repair, mounting, reconstruction or referral for clinical intervention.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which skeletal element and portion would the proposed action alter, and what anatomical or future analytical evidence could it remove or obscure?", "kind": "action", "id": "intervention-decision-q01" }, { "text": "What consent, custodial authority or qualified assessment applies to this skeleton and the specific proposed intervention?", "kind": "action", "id": "intervention-decision-q02" }, { "text": "How will introduced supports, replacement elements or removed samples remain traceable to their original anatomical locations?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "intervention-decision-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Bony vertebrate endoskeleton (osteichthyans and tetrapods, including the adult human skeleton of ~206 bones)", "Cartilaginous endoskeleton (chondrichthyans; also the embryonic/fetal vertebrate condition before ossification)", "Arthropod exoskeleton (chitinous cuticle, often mineralized; includes moulted exuviae as physical objects)", "Hydrostatic skeleton (fluid-filled cavity antagonized by body-wall muscle, as in cnidarians, nematodes, and many annelids)", "Axial skeleton (skull, vertebral column, ribs, sternum)", "Appendicular skeleton (limb girdles and free limbs or fins)", "Articulated museum or teaching skeleton (elements mounted in anatomical position, often with hardware)", "Disarticulated osteological assemblage (forensic, archaeological, or comparative collections of separate bones)" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of skeleton this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "Wikidata", "value_or_pattern": "Q131626", "note": "Item for anatomical/biological skeleton; confirm on Wikidata before treating as canonical in a registry row." }, { "scheme": "MeSH", "value_or_pattern": "D012863", "note": "Heading 'Skeleton' in the U.S. National Library of Medicine vocabulary." }, { "scheme": "Foundational Model of Anatomy (FMA)", "value_or_pattern": "FMA:23881", "note": "Skeletal system; individual bones have separate FMAIDs." }, { "scheme": "UBERON", "value_or_pattern": "UBERON:0001434", "note": "Multi-species 'skeletal system'; related class UBERON:0004288 is used for 'skeleton' in some imports - check the current ontology before binding." }, { "scheme": "Terminologia Anatomica 2", "value_or_pattern": "systema skeletale and named ossa", "note": "Latin and English official terms for the human skeletal system and its bones (FIPAT/IFAA)." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of skeleton this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Terminologia Anatomica 2 - FIPAT / International Federation of Associations of Anatomists (anatomical naming).", "Standards for Data Collection from Human Skeletal Remains (Buikstra & Ubelaker, 1994) - Arkansas Archeological Survey (recording protocol, not a statute).", "Human Tissue Act 2004 - United Kingdom (storage and public display of human skeletal remains).", "Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA), 1990 - United States (Native American human remains, including skeletons, in federally connected collections).", "CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species) - UNEP/CITES Secretariat (cross-border trade in skeletal parts of listed species).", "ICOM Code of Ethics for Museums - International Council of Museums (provenance, display, and research on human and animal remains)." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of skeleton this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Anatomy teaching: articulated plastic or real-bone skeletons in medical, veterinary, and art studios.", "Clinical medicine and radiology: living skeletal system as the reference for fracture, dysplasia, and bone-density work.", "Forensic anthropology: identification, trauma timing, and biological profile from recovered human bones.", "Bioarchaeology and museum osteology: excavated or curated human and animal skeletons as documented specimens.", "Comparative zoology and palaeontology: mounted or boxed skeletons (and fossil skeletons) used to study locomotion and phylogeny.", "Wildlife and customs enforcement: seized ivory, horn, bone, and whole skeletons as CITES specimens." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of skeleton this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Element count (adult human)", "typical_range": "206 canonical; about 200-213 with sesamoids, cervical ribs, and sacral-fusion variants", "unit": "count" }, { "quantity": "Dry mass of a prepared adult human skeleton", "typical_range": "approximately 4-12", "unit": "kg" }, { "quantity": "Maximum femoral length (adult human, osteometric)", "typical_range": "about 320-520", "unit": "mm" }, { "quantity": "Reconstructed living stature from long bones (adult human)", "typical_range": "about 140-200", "unit": "cm" }, { "quantity": "Areal bone mineral density (DXA, adult lumbar spine)", "typical_range": "about 0.7-1.3", "unit": "g/cm²" }, { "quantity": "Assemblage completeness (archaeological/forensic inventory)", "typical_range": "0-100 of expected elements", "unit": "%" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of skeleton this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Fracture, non-union, and pathological bone loss (osteoporosis, osteomyelitis, neoplasia) in the living skeleton.", "Taphonomic destruction after death: acidic soil, scavenging, weathering, and excavation breakage.", "Commingling and misassociation of elements from more than one individual.", "Loss of provenience or illegal trade, especially of human remains and CITES-listed taxa.", "Hardware failure or incorrect rearticulation in mounted teaching skeletons, producing false joint relationships.", "Infection and chemical hazards from historical wet preparations (formalin, arsenic, residual tissue); ethical harm from unconsented display of human skeletons." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of skeleton this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Legal control of human skeletons differs sharply: NAGPRA in the United States, the Human Tissue Act in the United Kingdom, and other heritage or religious rules elsewhere; some jurisdictions effectively prohibit research retention.", "The word 'skeleton' in construction English often means a steel building frame, not an anatomical object.", "Comparative biologists treat exoskeleton and hydrostatic skeleton as full kinds; clinical anatomy usually means only the vertebrate endoskeleton.", "Adult bone-count conventions and named variants (sesamoids, Wormian bones) differ slightly across textbooks and populations.", "Museum practice ranges from fully articulated public mounts to boxed, disarticulated research series; display of human remains is restricted or refused in many countries." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of skeleton this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Skeletal system (living)", "difference": "The living system includes marrow, periosteum, cartilage, ligaments, and blood supply; a prepared skeleton is the defleshed mineral framework only." }, { "name": "Individual bone (os)", "difference": "A bone is one element; a skeleton is the organized set of elements of one organism (or a mount presented as such)." }, { "name": "Skull", "difference": "The skull is the cranial and mandibular subset of the axial skeleton, not the whole framework." }, { "name": "Cadaver / anatomical donor", "difference": "A cadaver retains soft tissue; a skeleton has been reduced to bone (and sometimes cartilage or ligaments)." }, { "name": "Fossil (permineralized remains)", "difference": "A fossil skeleton has had original tissue replaced or infilled by mineral; a recent skeleton retains collagenous bone histology." }, { "name": "Anatomical replica or cast", "difference": "Plastic or plaster teaching models copy form but lack bone histology, DNA, and legal status as human tissue." }, { "name": "Structural frame / armature (building, vehicle, sculpture)", "difference": "An engineered load path of steel, timber, or wire; not an organism's tissues. Separate by material and whether it belonged to an animal body." }, { "name": "Mollusc shell", "difference": "A shell is an external calcium-carbonate exoskeleton of a different developmental origin; arthropod cuticle and vertebrate bone are not shells." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of skeleton this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Does vr.tr.skeleton include exoskeletons and other biological supporting systems, or only internal frameworks of bone and cartilage?", "Does the registry treat an isolated bone as a partial skeleton or assign it to a neighbouring skeletal-element model?", "Which anatomical references and developmental stages should define expected element coverage for each supported organism group?", "How should fossil replacement, mixed original and replica assemblies, and extensively reconstructed specimens affect classification as a skeleton?", "Which context-specific standards should govern condition assessment and intervention for living organisms, human remains and nonhuman specimens?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 18, "questions": 29 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "device, machine or tool", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a skeleton, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an AI agent to recognise an anatomical skeleton, assess its completeness and structural condition, and determine which examination, handling or intervention is appropriate.", "characteristics": { "substance": "material", "origin": "manufactured", "agency": "inert", "mobility": "varies" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: animal skeleton, Geoff Peterson, skeletal remains, Lake Mungo remains, endoskeleton, deer skeleton, Canis lupus familiaris skeletal system, hydrostatic skeleton, exoskeleton, bird skeleton, snake skeleton, endoskeleton of insects.", "18 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 146 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a skeleton, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "matter you can touch", "physicalCharacter": [ "Mobility varies between examples.", "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Recognised by form, by the arrangement of its controls, and by markings - a plate, a model number, a certification mark. Form alone rarely separates two models that do very different things." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "animal skeleton", "Geoff Peterson", "skeletal remains", "Lake Mungo remains", "endoskeleton", "deer skeleton", "Canis lupus familiaris skeletal system", "hydrostatic skeleton", "exoskeleton", "bird skeleton", "snake skeleton", "endoskeleton of insects" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 146 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 18 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one skeleton from another, and a skeleton from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a skeleton, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a skeleton, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a skeleton is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a skeleton, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a skeleton, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a skeleton is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a skeleton sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a skeleton, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a skeleton, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a skeleton is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a skeleton from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a skeleton, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a skeleton, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a skeleton is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a skeleton is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a skeleton, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a skeleton, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a skeleton is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Materials, parts and how they are put together.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and materials", "description": "What a skeleton is built from and which parts are replaceable.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a skeleton, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a skeleton, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a skeleton is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a skeleton is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a skeleton, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a skeleton, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a skeleton is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a skeleton is, how it got there and where it may go (varies).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a skeleton is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a skeleton, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a skeleton, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a skeleton is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a skeleton is carried, installed or relocated.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a skeleton, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a skeleton, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a skeleton is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a skeleton passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a skeleton between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a skeleton, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a skeleton, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a skeleton is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a skeleton, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a skeleton is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a skeleton, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a skeleton, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a skeleton is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "function-and-principle", "name": "Function and operating principle", "description": "What skeleton is for and how it achieves it.", "rationale": "Two devices with the same name can work on different principles, and the principle is what predicts failure and constrains use.", "layers": [ { "id": "intended-function", "name": "Intended function", "description": "The job it does, and the jobs it is used for anyway.", "findings": [ { "id": "function-record", "name": "Function, principle and variants", "description": "What it does, how, and which variants do it differently.", "questions": [ { "id": "function-record-q01", "text": "What function does skeleton perform, on what operating principle, and which variants differ in that principle?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "function-record-q02", "text": "What use falls outside the intended function but happens in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "capacity-and-rating", "name": "Capacity and rating", "description": "The numbers that say what it can do and where it stops.", "findings": [ { "id": "ratings", "name": "Ratings and their conditions", "description": "Rated capacity, power, throughput and the conditions each assumes.", "questions": [ { "id": "ratings-q01", "text": "What ratings characterise skeleton, in what units, and under what stated conditions?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "ratings-q02", "text": "What happens beyond the rating - degradation, refusal, damage - and how is that detected?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "operation-and-state", "name": "Operation, controls and state", "description": "How skeleton is operated and what state it is in right now.", "rationale": "An agent acting on a device needs its current state and the controls that change it, not just its specification.", "layers": [ { "id": "controls-and-modes", "name": "Controls and modes", "description": "What can be set, what that changes, and what is interlocked.", "findings": [ { "id": "control-surface", "name": "Control surface and interlocks", "description": "The settings available and the conditions that block them.", "questions": [ { "id": "control-surface-q01", "text": "What controls and modes does skeleton have, and what does each change?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "control-surface-q02", "text": "Which actions are interlocked or forbidden in which state, and what must be true before acting?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-maintenance", "name": "Condition and maintenance", "description": "Wear, service intervals, consumables and the line between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "service-record", "name": "Condition, service and consumables", "description": "What is consumed, what is serviced, and how condition is judged.", "questions": [ { "id": "service-record-q01", "text": "What consumables and service does skeleton need, at what interval, and on whose authority?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "service-record-q02", "text": "What evidence separates a unit that is working from one that is out of service?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "kind-model-unit", "name": "Kind, model and unit", "description": "Whether a claim about skeleton is about the kind, a product line, or one physical unit.", "rationale": "This is the boundary most often got wrong for made things, and getting it wrong mixes a catalogue entry with the machine in the yard.", "layers": [ { "id": "level-of-reference", "name": "Level of reference", "description": "The three levels and what belongs at each.", "findings": [ { "id": "level-rules", "name": "What belongs to kind, model and unit", "description": "Which properties are shared by all of them and which are not.", "questions": [ { "id": "level-rules-q01", "text": "Which facts about skeleton hold for every one of them, which for a model, and which only for one unit?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "level-rules-q02", "text": "What identifies an individual unit, and what should an agent do when it has only the kind?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "standards-and-conformity", "name": "Standards and conformity", "description": "The standards a working example must meet and who attests it.", "findings": [ { "id": "conformity", "name": "Standards, marks and attestation", "description": "Which standard applies, who certifies, and what the mark means.", "questions": [ { "id": "conformity-q01", "text": "Which standards govern skeleton, issued by whom, and what does conformity actually assert?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "conformity-q02", "text": "What may an agent conclude from a certification mark, and what may it not?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a skeleton came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a skeleton and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a skeleton, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a skeleton, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a skeleton is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a skeleton is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a skeleton, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a skeleton, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a skeleton is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 8, "layers": 17, "findings": 19, "questions": 51 } } } }