← Back to catalogue
Research draft

drinking water

vr.tr.drinking-water · PHY.MAT

Let an agent explain drinking water, relay quality standards, treatment, access data and advisories from WHO and regulator sources, describe the named waters and flag misfiled aliases including the alcoholic one, route contamination concerns to local authorities, and distinguish drinking water from raw water, mineral water as a legal category, alcoholic seltzers and recreational water.

Thing Registry Physical world and living systems

Research draft, second pass

A second pass drafted this model: the structure a model of this thing needs, and what is known about it in the world. The line under this one says how the second half was obtained - researched against sources, or recalled without web access, in which case nothing here was read anywhere and every claim is a lead to verify. Unreviewed either way.

written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify

Researched by: Claude

Purpose and description

Let an agent explain drinking water, relay quality standards, treatment, access data and advisories from WHO and regulator sources, describe the named waters and flag misfiled aliases including the alcoholic one, route contamination concerns to local authorities, and distinguish drinking water from raw water, mineral water as a legal category, alcoholic seltzers and recreational water.

Water safe for human consumption, known as potable water, supplied through treated public systems, wells and springs or as bottled and packaged waters such as still, carbonated and table waters, meeting quality standards such as the WHO Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality; WHO and UNICEF report that billions of people still lack safely managed drinking water, a target of Sustainable Development Goal 6.1. The registry aliases include crushed ice, a branded sparkling water, oxygenated water as a marketed product and hard seltzer, an alcoholic drink, which are not drinking water categories and appear misfiled. Boil water and do-not-drink advisories must be followed.

What it is for: Safe water for drinking and food preparation.

It can be explain quality standards; relay treatment and access; flag misfiled aliases; route advisories and contamination concerns.

Distinguishing features

Meets health standards

Public or packaged supply

Global access gap

Subject to advisories

What it looks like

Clear water from taps, wells, bottles or dispensers.

Physical character

WHO Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality: 4th edition with addenda note

SDG target: 6.1 universal safe drinking water by 2030 note

people lacking safely managed drinking water: about 2 billion people - WHO/UNICEF JMP, check latest report

How it is recognised

Water safe for human consumption

Crushed ice, La Croix Sparkling Water, carbonated water, hard seltzer, oxygenated water, table water

Raw water is untreated; mineral water is a legal bottled category; hard seltzer contains alcohol; recreational water is for swimming

Related models

is a kind of - in registry terms

drink

is regulated by - as a reference

WHO Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality

includes -

carbonated water

is contrasted with - misfiled alcoholic alias

hard seltzer

In practice

Families and kinds

piped treated water

groundwater and well water

bottled still and sparkling water

table water

emergency water supplies

Standards and regulation

WHO Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality

EU Drinking Water Directive 2020/2184

US Safe Drinking Water Act

Failure modes and hazards

Ignoring boil water advisories

Lead and other contamination

Treating alcoholic seltzers as water

Also called

crushed iceLa Croix Sparkling Watercarbonated waterhard seltzerOxygenated watertable waterOtin Riverflat waterWater supply and sanitation in the NetherlandsWater supply and sanitation in Bangladeshrusty waterYour Waterflavored carbonated waterunflavored carbonated waterbubly sparkling waterGekiyaku Ikolove sodaKinleyPerrierVossEau de Valsorange-flavoured sparkling waterCoors SeltzerHappy DadWhite Claw Hard SeltzerTruly Hard Seltzer

Where this came from

wikidata · CC0 1.0

Also registered as vr.tr.drinking-water

Drafted structure

Bundle to layer to finding to question, as the second pass will find it: 4 bundles · 8 layers · 8 findings · 16 questions.

Understand What drinking water is.

Definition.

Definition

Definition.

Definition

Definition.

  1. What is drinking water, and how does it differ from raw water, mineral water, alcoholic seltzers and recreational water? definition
  2. Is there a boil water or do-not-drink advisory, or water that looks, smells or tastes wrong, in which case follow local authority advice? boundary

Aliases

Named products and misfiled aliases.

Aliases

Aliases.

  1. What are table water, carbonated and oxygenated waters, crushed ice and hard seltzer, and why do some not belong here? definition
  2. Which entry fits the specific product? action
Quality Quality and treatment.

Regulation.

Standards

Standards.

Standards

Standards.

  1. What do WHO guidelines and national rules require for safe water? provenance
  2. Which references are standard? provenance

Treatment

Treatment.

Treatment

Treatment.

  1. How is water treated by filtration, disinfection and monitoring? provenance
  2. Which sources are cited? provenance
Access Access and equity.

Attribution.

Global

Global access.

Global

Global.

  1. What do WHO and UNICEF report about access to safely managed drinking water? measurement
  2. Which entry fits Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply? action

Contamination

Contamination crises.

Contamination

Contamination.

  1. What lessons came from contamination crises such as Flint, with findings attributed? provenance
  2. Is the presentation neutral and attributed? boundary
Context Household and emergencies.

Context.

Emergency

Emergency water.

Emergency

Emergency.

  1. How can households make water safe in emergencies, as health authorities advise? provenance
  2. Which entry fits water purification? action

Bottled

Bottled versus tap.

Bottled

Bottled.

  1. How do bottled and tap water compare in regulation and environmental impact? provenance
  2. Which entry fits bottled water? action

What the second pass must settle

  • The registry aliases hard seltzer, crushed ice and brand names should be moved to their own entries
  • How should WHO and JMP data be linked and kept current?
  • Should table water be a separate entry?