{ "model": { "rank": 594, "code": "thing-q8074", "model_id": "vr.tr.cloud", "name": "cloud", "purpose": "Let an agent identify and describe clouds by genus, altitude and weather significance, and separate them from cloud computing.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Cross-cutting context", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "XCT", "domain": "XCT.STA", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q8074/", "tier": 2, "score": 233, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "sea of clouds", "anthropogenic cloud", "capillatus", "convective cloud", "duplicatus", "calvus", "volutus", "opacus", "perlucidus", "radiatus", "translucidus", "floccus", "asperitas", "pannus", "thunderhead", "undulatus", "spissatus", "stratiformis", "Ship tracks", "mid-level cloud", "mediocris", "noctilucent cloud", "congestus", "humilis", "fibratus", "fallstreak hole", "polar stratospheric cloud", "Horizontal convective rolls", "vertical multi-level clouds", "fractus", "high-level cloud", "uncinus", "castellanus", "Lenticularis", "nimbus cloud", "low-level cloud", "yakumo", "Camanchaca", "cloud variety", "ice nucleus" ], "aliasCount": 57, "merged": 57, "knownIn": 233, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": "vr.tr.cloud-object", "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q8074", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8074", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-11T06:57:21Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 1, "engine": "claude" }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q8074", "registryId": "vr.tr.cloud", "name": "cloud", "version": "0.2.0-wave.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "XCT.STA" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q8074/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.cloud", "name": "cloud", "purpose": "Let an agent identify and describe clouds by genus, altitude and weather significance, and separate them from cloud computing.", "definition": "A visible mass of liquid droplets or ice crystals suspended in the atmosphere, classified by altitude and form into genera such as cirrus, cumulus and stratus, with species and varieties.", "what_it_is_for": "Clouds signal weather and affect climate and light.", "affordances": [ "identify cloud types", "read weather signs", "report observations", "photograph them" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Suspended droplets or ice", "Genera, species and varieties", "Signal weather", "Cloud computing is another sense" ], "appearance": "White to grey masses, sheets or wisps in the sky.", "visual_identification": [ "Ten genera by form and altitude", "Species such as capillatus or calvus", "Varieties such as duplicatus" ], "physical_properties": [ { "quantity": "cloud base (low clouds)", "typical_range": "below 2000", "unit": "m", "note": "mid-latitudes" }, { "quantity": "cloud top (cumulonimbus)", "typical_range": "up to about 15000", "unit": "m", "note": "" } ], "families_and_kinds": [ "high clouds: cirrus, cirrocumulus, cirrostratus", "middle clouds: altocumulus, altostratus, nimbostratus", "low clouds: stratocumulus, stratus", "convective clouds: cumulus, cumulonimbus", "anthropogenic clouds such as contrails" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "weather phenomenon", "why": "category" }, { "relation": "produces", "target": "rain and snow", "why": "precipitation" }, { "relation": "is classified by", "target": "International Cloud Atlas", "why": "standard" }, { "relation": "is confused with", "target": "cloud computing", "why": "another sense" } ], "identifiers": [ { "scheme": "WMO cloud code", "value_or_pattern": "genus abbreviations such as Cb, Cu, Ci", "note": "observations" } ], "standards_and_regulation": [ "WMO International Cloud Atlas" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Missing thunderstorm signs", "Low cloud hazards for aviation" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identification", "name": "Identification", "description": "Which cloud.", "rationale": "The Atlas classifies clouds.", "layers": [ { "id": "genus", "name": "Genus", "description": "Ten genera.", "findings": [ { "id": "genus-finding", "name": "Genus", "description": "Genus.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which cloud genus is it?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Which species and variety?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "altitude", "name": "Altitude", "description": "Height.", "findings": [ { "id": "altitude-finding", "name": "Altitude", "description": "Altitude.", "questions": [ { "text": "How high is the cloud base?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "text": "From which observation?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "weather", "name": "Weather", "description": "What it signals.", "rationale": "Clouds forecast weather.", "layers": [ { "id": "signs", "name": "Signs", "description": "Forecast.", "findings": [ { "id": "signs-finding", "name": "Signs", "description": "Weather signs.", "questions": [ { "text": "What weather does this cloud suggest?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Is a storm likely?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "warnings", "name": "Warnings", "description": "Official.", "findings": [ { "id": "warnings-finding", "name": "Warnings", "description": "Official warnings.", "questions": [ { "text": "Are official warnings in force?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "What should be done?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "climate", "name": "Climate", "description": "Effects.", "rationale": "Clouds shape climate.", "layers": [ { "id": "radiation", "name": "Radiation", "description": "Warming and cooling.", "findings": [ { "id": "radiation-finding", "name": "Radiation", "description": "Radiative effect.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does this cloud type warm or cool the surface?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "How certain is it?", "kind": "measurement" } ] } ] }, { "id": "human", "name": "Human-made", "description": "Contrails.", "findings": [ { "id": "human-finding", "name": "Human-made", "description": "Anthropogenic clouds.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is it a contrail or other anthropogenic cloud?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "What is its climate effect?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "senses", "name": "Senses", "description": "Disambiguation.", "rationale": "Cloud has other senses.", "layers": [ { "id": "computing", "name": "Computing", "description": "Cloud services.", "findings": [ { "id": "computing-finding", "name": "Computing", "description": "Computing sense.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is cloud computing meant instead?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "text": "Which entry fits?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "observation", "name": "Observation", "description": "Reporting.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-finding", "name": "Observation", "description": "Observations.", "questions": [ { "text": "How can observations be reported?", "kind": "action" }, { "text": "To which network?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should genera be separate entries?", "How should species and varieties be linked?", "How should the computing sense be split off?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "abstract concept", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a cloud, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Let an agent identify and describe clouds by genus, altitude and weather significance, and separate them from cloud computing.", "characteristics": { "substance": "abstract", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: sea of clouds, anthropogenic cloud, capillatus, convective cloud, duplicatus, calvus, volutus, opacus, perlucidus, radiatus, translucidus, floccus.", "57 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 233 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a cloud, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "an abstraction with no physical instance", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see. What is recognised is an instance of it, and which instances count is exactly what is argued about." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "sea of clouds", "anthropogenic cloud", "capillatus", "convective cloud", "duplicatus", "calvus", "volutus", "opacus", "perlucidus", "radiatus", "translucidus", "floccus" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 233 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 57 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one cloud from another, and a cloud from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a cloud, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a cloud, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a cloud is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a cloud, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a cloud, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a cloud is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a cloud sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a cloud, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a cloud, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a cloud is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a cloud from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a cloud, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a cloud, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a cloud is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a cloud passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a cloud between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a cloud, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a cloud, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a cloud is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a cloud, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a cloud is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a cloud, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a cloud, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a cloud is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "definitions-in-contest", "name": "Definitions and who holds them", "description": "What cloud is taken to mean, and by whom.", "rationale": "When a field disagrees about a concept, the disagreement is the content. A model that picks one definition silently destroys the information.", "layers": [ { "id": "competing-definitions", "name": "Competing definitions", "description": "The main readings and the traditions behind them.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-map", "name": "Definitions and their holders", "description": "Each definition with the school or body that holds it.", "questions": [ { "id": "definition-map-q01", "text": "Which definitions of cloud are in use, and which tradition or body holds each?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "definition-map-q02", "text": "What turns on the difference between them in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "operationalisation", "name": "Operationalisation", "description": "How it is measured or applied when it has to be.", "findings": [ { "id": "operational-record", "name": "Measures and proxies", "description": "Instruments and indicators used to stand in for it.", "questions": [ { "id": "operational-record-q01", "text": "How is cloud operationalised or measured in practice, and by what instrument?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "operational-record-q02", "text": "What does that operationalisation leave out, and when does that matter?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "instances-and-use", "name": "Instances, use and consequence", "description": "What counts as an instance of cloud and what follows from calling something that.", "rationale": "Applying a concept is an act with consequences, so a model must say what the label licenses and what it does not.", "layers": [ { "id": "instances", "name": "What counts as an instance", "description": "Clear cases, borderline cases and non-cases.", "findings": [ { "id": "instance-tests", "name": "Tests for an instance", "description": "What would settle whether something falls under it.", "questions": [ { "id": "instance-tests-q01", "text": "What would settle whether something is an instance of cloud?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "instance-tests-q02", "text": "Which borderline cases are argued about, and on what grounds?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "consequence", "name": "Consequence of application", "description": "Rights, duties or decisions that follow from the label.", "findings": [ { "id": "consequence-record", "name": "What the label licenses", "description": "What an agent may do once something is classified this way.", "questions": [ { "id": "consequence-record-q01", "text": "What follows practically once something is treated as cloud?", "kind": "action" }, { "id": "consequence-record-q02", "text": "What must an agent not infer from the label alone?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a cloud came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a cloud and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a cloud, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a cloud, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a cloud is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a cloud is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a cloud, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a cloud, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a cloud is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 10, "findings": 12, "questions": 32 } } } }