{ "model": { "rank": 4398, "code": "thing-q81915", "model_id": "vr.tr.allotropy", "name": "allotropy", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise and assess claims of allotropy by recording elemental identity, structural differences, conditions of existence and evidence for distinct forms.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Cross-cutting context", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "XCT", "domain": "XCT.QLT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q81915/", "tier": 2, "score": 75, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [], "aliasCount": 0, "merged": 0, "knownIn": 75, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": "vr.tr.allotropy", "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q81915", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81915", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-09T20:07:44Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 23.5, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a087c7-bc19-7362-b26e-9656e730bfe9\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: allotropy\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: XCT.QLT\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 695 things:\n# Batch 004: 1001 regist", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 55.6, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a087c7-bc06-73f1-a3a2-fe780fd50f32\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: allotropy\nRegistry id: vr.tr.allotropy\nPlane / domain: XCT / XCT.QLT\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\n\nCont" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q81915", "registryId": "vr.tr.allotropy", "name": "allotropy", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "XCT.QLT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q81915/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.allotropy", "name": "allotropy", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise and assess claims of allotropy by recording elemental identity, structural differences, conditions of existence and evidence for distinct forms.", "definition": "Allotropy is the occurrence of a chemical element in two or more structurally distinct forms, called allotropes, differing in atomic bonding or arrangement rather than elemental composition.", "scope_statement": "This model owns allotropy as the relationship between structurally distinct forms of one chemical element, including how candidate forms are distinguished, qualified and interconverted; it does not own the complete material models of individual allotropes.", "in_scope": [ "Definitions of allotropy and the conventions governing which elemental forms qualify", "Shared elemental identity and structural distinctions among candidate allotropes", "Conditions under which forms occur, persist or transform", "Evidence supporting identification and distinguishing alternative explanations", "Relationships among allotropes, including condition-dependent stability and conversion" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Complete property catalogues and applications of individual elemental materials", "Polymorphism of compounds and multicomponent materials", "Isotopic differences without an independently established structural distinction", "Changes of physical state that do not independently establish allotropy", "Detailed experimental procedures, equipment operation and laboratory safety management" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Candidate forms must represent the same chemical element; differences caused by compound formation or composition alone do not establish allotropy.", "The claim must identify a structural distinction, such as molecular nuclearity, bonding topology or crystal arrangement; different colour, hardness or conductivity alone is insufficient.", "A solid-liquid or liquid-gas distinction alone does not establish allotropy; the applicable definition and independent structural evidence must be recorded.", "Isotope abundance, defects, grain size and sample morphology must be assessed as alternative explanations rather than automatically treated as allotrope distinctions.", "Elemental crystal polymorphism overlaps with allotropy, whereas molecular forms such as O2 and O3 require a distinction beyond crystal packing." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Elemental identity", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Chemical element identifier shared by the compared forms", "why_it_matters": "Establishes the common elemental basis required for an allotropy claim." }, { "name": "Definition convention", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Attributed definition with inclusion rules for molecular, crystalline, amorphous and other proposed forms", "why_it_matters": "Makes classification reproducible where terminology or boundaries differ." }, { "name": "Structural distinction", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Molecular nuclearity, molecular connectivity, extended bonding topology, crystal arrangement or unresolved distinction", "why_it_matters": "Records what makes the proposed forms different beyond their names or observed properties." }, { "name": "Conditions of observation", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Temperature in K, pressure in Pa and relevant environmental conditions", "why_it_matters": "Prevents comparisons between forms from silently mixing incompatible conditions." }, { "name": "Physical state", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Solid, liquid, gas or other explicitly described state", "why_it_matters": "Separates physical-state changes from the structural distinctions asserted by an allotropy claim." }, { "name": "Relative stability assessment", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Thermodynamically favoured, metastable, transient or unresolved, relative to named alternatives under specified conditions", "why_it_matters": "Distinguishes equilibrium preference from observed persistence." }, { "name": "Observed persistence", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Time in s, with conditions and detection limit", "why_it_matters": "Qualifies claims about whether a form can be retained or examined." }, { "name": "Identification support", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Predicted only, experimentally reported, independently corroborated, contested or unresolved", "why_it_matters": "Prevents theoretical proposals and ambiguous observations from being treated as equally established." }, { "name": "Interconversion relationship", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Directed connection between named forms with trigger, conditions, evidence and reversibility", "why_it_matters": "Supports judgments about transformation possibilities without assuming conversion is easy or spontaneous." } ], "affordances": [ "Assess whether a reported pair of elemental forms qualifies as allotropy under an attributed definition.", "Compare candidate forms by molecular organisation, bonding and crystal structure.", "Identify missing evidence and alternative explanations for a claimed new allotrope.", "Compare stability and persistence claims under matching conditions.", "Trace documented interconversion routes and determine what additional evidence is needed before using them.", "Link synonyms and individual material records to a shared allotropy relationship without duplicating their models." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "allotropy-boundaries", "name": "Allotropy boundaries", "description": "Defines the chemical sense of allotropy and the rules for admitting distinct elemental forms.", "rationale": "An agent needs explicit inclusion rules to avoid conflating allotropy with composition changes, physical states or sample variation.", "layers": [ { "id": "definition-and-convention", "name": "Definition and convention", "description": "Records attributed definitions and their consequences for classification.", "findings": [ { "id": "applicable-allotropy-definition", "name": "Applicable allotropy definition", "description": "Record the definition used and how it treats molecular forms, crystal structures and forms without long-range order.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which reference or research community supplies the definition used for this allotropy claim?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "applicable-allotropy-definition-q01" }, { "text": "Does that definition require the forms to share a physical state, and how does it delimit allotropy from polymorphism?", "kind": "definition", "id": "applicable-allotropy-definition-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "elemental-and-material-boundaries", "name": "Elemental and material boundaries", "description": "Tests whether the distinction belongs to elemental structure rather than a neighbouring material category.", "findings": [ { "id": "same-element-distinct-form", "name": "Same element, distinct form", "description": "Record elemental identity and assess whether composition, isotopes, defects or morphology account for the reported difference.", "questions": [ { "text": "What evidence establishes that both candidate forms are forms of the same element rather than different compounds or mixtures?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "same-element-distinct-form-q01" }, { "text": "Could isotope composition, impurities, defects, particle size or morphology explain the distinction without requiring another allotrope?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "same-element-distinct-form-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "structural-basis", "name": "Structural basis", "description": "Identifies the molecular and extended structures on which an allotropy claim rests.", "rationale": "Structural distinctions provide the central basis for recognising allotropy and separating it from property differences alone.", "layers": [ { "id": "molecular-and-bonding-organisation", "name": "Molecular and bonding organisation", "description": "Describes discrete elemental molecules or extended bonding networks.", "findings": [ { "id": "nuclearity-and-connectivity", "name": "Nuclearity and connectivity", "description": "Record whether the forms differ in atoms per molecule, molecular connectivity or the topology of an extended network.", "questions": [ { "text": "Are the candidate forms composed of discrete molecules or extended networks, and what nuclearity or connectivity distinguishes them?", "kind": "definition", "id": "nuclearity-and-connectivity-q01" }, { "text": "Which observations support the proposed bonding distinction rather than merely a change in macroscopic properties?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "nuclearity-and-connectivity-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "packing-and-order", "name": "Packing and order", "description": "Describes crystal arrangements, disorder and limits on treating structural variation as a separate form.", "findings": [ { "id": "distinct-structural-state", "name": "Distinct structural state", "description": "Record lattice or ordering differences and the criteria used to distinguish a form from stacking variation, defects or a continuum of disorder.", "questions": [ { "text": "What crystal arrangement or other structural descriptor distinguishes the proposed forms, and with what uncertainty?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "distinct-structural-state-q01" }, { "text": "What criterion makes this a distinct allotrope rather than a polytype, defective specimen or differently disordered sample under the chosen convention?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "distinct-structural-state-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "existence-stability-and-conversion", "name": "Existence, stability and conversion", "description": "Connects elemental forms to their conditions of existence and documented transformations.", "rationale": "An agent must distinguish where a form is favoured, where it merely persists and what supports a proposed conversion.", "layers": [ { "id": "condition-dependent-stability", "name": "Condition-dependent stability", "description": "Records the conditions and comparison set behind statements about stability.", "findings": [ { "id": "equilibrium-versus-persistence", "name": "Equilibrium versus persistence", "description": "Separate evidence for thermodynamic preference from evidence that a form survives for an observed duration.", "questions": [ { "text": "At what temperature, pressure and environment is the form reported, and against which alternative forms is its stability assessed?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "equilibrium-versus-persistence-q01" }, { "text": "Does the evidence establish equilibrium preference, metastable persistence or only brief detection?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "equilibrium-versus-persistence-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "interconversion-pathways", "name": "Interconversion pathways", "description": "Records transformations between forms and the limits of available evidence.", "findings": [ { "id": "supported-form-to-form-conversion", "name": "Supported form-to-form conversion", "description": "Record starting and resulting forms, transformation conditions, intermediates and demonstrated reversibility.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which reported trigger and conditions convert the identified starting allotrope into the identified resulting allotrope?", "kind": "action", "id": "supported-form-to-form-conversion-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence establishes conversion extent, intermediate phases and reversibility rather than assuming them from a phase diagram?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "supported-form-to-form-conversion-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "identification-and-claim-assessment", "name": "Identification and claim assessment", "description": "Organises the observations and provenance needed to judge established and proposed allotropes.", "rationale": "Names, theoretical predictions and indirect property measurements do not provide equivalent support for a distinct elemental form.", "layers": [ { "id": "diagnostic-evidence", "name": "Diagnostic evidence", "description": "Links identification criteria to measurements capable of distinguishing the proposed structure from alternatives.", "findings": [ { "id": "discriminating-observations", "name": "Discriminating observations", "description": "Record structural and supporting measurements together with unresolved ambiguity, mixtures and measurement-induced changes.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which diffraction, spectroscopic, imaging or other observations discriminate this form from its nearest structural alternatives?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "discriminating-observations-q01" }, { "text": "Could a mixture of known forms, contamination or transformation during measurement reproduce the reported observations?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "discriminating-observations-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "claim-history-and-naming", "name": "Claim history and naming", "description": "Tracks evidence maturity, competing assignments and names referring to the same proposed form.", "findings": [ { "id": "traceable-allotrope-assignment", "name": "Traceable allotrope assignment", "description": "Connect each form name and structural assignment to its supporting reports, corroboration and unresolved challenges.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which sources support the structural assignment, and is the form predicted only, experimentally reported or independently corroborated?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "traceable-allotrope-assignment-q01" }, { "text": "Which names denote the same structure, and which apparently similar names conceal different or disputed assignments?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "traceable-allotrope-assignment-q02" }, { "text": "What evidence would justify accepting, revising or withdrawing this allotrope assignment?", "kind": "action", "id": "traceable-allotrope-assignment-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Terminological boundaries involving amorphous forms and liquid structures require checking against the chosen specialist convention.", "The listed kinds overlap: molecular or crystalline describes structure, while enantiotropic or monotropic describes a thermodynamic relationship.", "The tin transition temperature is an approximate equilibrium value, not a prediction of transformation speed; impurities and nucleation conditions strongly affect observed behavior." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of allotropy this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Molecular allotropy, exemplified by dioxygen and ozone", "Crystalline allotropy, exemplified by diamond and graphite", "Enantiotropic relationships, in which the thermodynamically stable form changes with conditions", "Monotropic relationships, in which one form remains metastable relative to another throughout the relevant stability range" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of allotropy this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "IUPAC's Gold Book provides terminology for allotropes; this is nomenclature guidance rather than a regulatory classification." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of allotropy this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Selecting carbon forms for cutting tools, electrodes, lubricants and electronic materials", "Controlling solid-state transformations of iron during steel processing", "Using ozone as an oxidant and disinfectant", "Selecting phosphorus forms for applications with different reactivity requirements" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of allotropy this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Temperature of the equilibrium transition between gray and white tin at approximately atmospheric pressure", "typical_range": "Approximately 13.2", "unit": "°C" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of allotropy this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Allotropic transformation of white tin into gray tin can cause embrittlement and disintegration, known as tin pest.", "White phosphorus is highly toxic and can ignite spontaneously in air; hazards cannot be inferred from elemental composition alone.", "Ozone is a strong oxidant and an inhalation hazard, unlike ordinary dioxygen at comparable low concentrations.", "Metastable allotropes may persist because transformation is kinetically hindered, making equilibrium predictions insufficient for predicting service behavior.", "Uncontrolled allotropic transformations can change dimensions, strength or electrical properties." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of allotropy this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "polymorphism", "difference": "Polymorphism concerns distinct crystal structures of the same substance, including compounds; crystalline allotropy concerns elements, while molecular allotropy need not involve crystals." }, { "name": "isotopy", "difference": "Isotopes differ in nuclear neutron number; allotropes differ in bonding or structural arrangement." }, { "name": "physical state", "difference": "Solid, liquid and gas are states of matter; a change of state alone does not establish a different allotrope." }, { "name": "chemical compound", "difference": "A compound contains more than one chemical element; an allotrope is a form of a single element." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of allotropy this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Which authoritative definition should govern this registry entry, particularly concerning the same-physical-state criterion?", "How should the model classify amorphous forms, polytypes and continuously varying disorder without creating arbitrary allotrope boundaries?", "Under what conditions should finite elemental clusters, isolated sheets and substrate-supported structures qualify as allotropes rather than size-dependent or environment-stabilised variants?", "What minimum structural evidence and independent corroboration should distinguish an accepted allotrope from a proposed one?", "How should competing structural assignments and condition-dependent naming conventions be reconciled with existing Vercy models of individual elemental materials?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 9, "findings": 15, "questions": 24 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "abstract concept", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a allotropy, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an agent to recognise and assess claims of allotropy by recording elemental identity, structural differences, conditions of existence and evidence for distinct forms.", "characteristics": { "substance": "abstract", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Described in 75 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a allotropy, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "an abstraction with no physical instance", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see. What is recognised is an instance of it, and which instances count is exactly what is argued about." ], "relatedModels": [], "standing": "Described in 75 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one allotropy from another, and a allotropy from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a allotropy, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a allotropy, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a allotropy is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a allotropy, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a allotropy, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a allotropy is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a allotropy sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a allotropy, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a allotropy, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a allotropy is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a allotropy from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a allotropy, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a allotropy, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a allotropy is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a allotropy passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a allotropy between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a allotropy, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a allotropy, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a allotropy is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a allotropy, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a allotropy is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a allotropy, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a allotropy, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a allotropy is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "definitions-in-contest", "name": "Definitions and who holds them", "description": "What allotropy is taken to mean, and by whom.", "rationale": "When a field disagrees about a concept, the disagreement is the content. A model that picks one definition silently destroys the information.", "layers": [ { "id": "competing-definitions", "name": "Competing definitions", "description": "The main readings and the traditions behind them.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-map", "name": "Definitions and their holders", "description": "Each definition with the school or body that holds it.", "questions": [ { "id": "definition-map-q01", "text": "Which definitions of allotropy are in use, and which tradition or body holds each?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "definition-map-q02", "text": "What turns on the difference between them in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "operationalisation", "name": "Operationalisation", "description": "How it is measured or applied when it has to be.", "findings": [ { "id": "operational-record", "name": "Measures and proxies", "description": "Instruments and indicators used to stand in for it.", "questions": [ { "id": "operational-record-q01", "text": "How is allotropy operationalised or measured in practice, and by what instrument?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "operational-record-q02", "text": "What does that operationalisation leave out, and when does that matter?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "instances-and-use", "name": "Instances, use and consequence", "description": "What counts as an instance of allotropy and what follows from calling something that.", "rationale": "Applying a concept is an act with consequences, so a model must say what the label licenses and what it does not.", "layers": [ { "id": "instances", "name": "What counts as an instance", "description": "Clear cases, borderline cases and non-cases.", "findings": [ { "id": "instance-tests", "name": "Tests for an instance", "description": "What would settle whether something falls under it.", "questions": [ { "id": "instance-tests-q01", "text": "What would settle whether something is an instance of allotropy?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "instance-tests-q02", "text": "Which borderline cases are argued about, and on what grounds?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "consequence", "name": "Consequence of application", "description": "Rights, duties or decisions that follow from the label.", "findings": [ { "id": "consequence-record", "name": "What the label licenses", "description": "What an agent may do once something is classified this way.", "questions": [ { "id": "consequence-record-q01", "text": "What follows practically once something is treated as allotropy?", "kind": "action" }, { "id": "consequence-record-q02", "text": "What must an agent not infer from the label alone?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a allotropy came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a allotropy and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a allotropy, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a allotropy, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a allotropy is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a allotropy is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a allotropy, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a allotropy, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a allotropy is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 10, "findings": 12, "questions": 32 } } } }