{ "model": { "rank": 9457, "code": "thing-q819264", "model_id": "vr.tr.colour-revolution", "name": "colour revolution", "purpose": "Let an agent explain colour revolutions as a category, relay the main cases and their outcomes from historical and political science sources, present competing interpretations with attribution, and distinguish colour revolutions from coups, armed uprisings and the Arab Spring, without providing guidance on organising or suppressing protest.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Activities and processes", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "ACT", "domain": "ACT.PRC", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q819264/", "tier": 2, "score": 47, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "People Power Revolution", "EDSA Revolution of 2001" ], "aliasCount": 2, "merged": 2, "knownIn": 47, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q819264", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q819264", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-13T12:55:08Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 4, "engine": "claude" }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q819264", "registryId": "vr.tr.colour-revolution", "name": "colour revolution", "version": "0.2.0-wave.4", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "ACT.PRC" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q819264/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.colour-revolution", "name": "colour revolution", "purpose": "Let an agent explain colour revolutions as a category, relay the main cases and their outcomes from historical and political science sources, present competing interpretations with attribution, and distinguish colour revolutions from coups, armed uprisings and the Arab Spring, without providing guidance on organising or suppressing protest.", "definition": "A term for largely nonviolent mass protest movements that toppled or challenged governments, mainly in post-Soviet states and the Balkans in the 2000s, such as Serbia s Bulldozer Revolution of 2000, Georgia s Rose Revolution of 2003, Ukraine s Orange Revolution of 2004 and Kyrgyzstan s Tulip Revolution of 2005, with earlier precedents such as the Philippine People Power Revolution of 1986 and the EDSA Revolution of 2001; supporters describe them as democratic uprisings, while some governments, notably Russia s, describe them as foreign-orchestrated, a dispute the model reports with attribution.", "what_it_is_for": "Not applicable; a category of political events.", "affordances": [ "explain the category", "relay cases and outcomes", "present interpretations with attribution", "distinguish related events" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Nonviolent mass protest", "Colour or flower symbols", "Contested elections as trigger", "Disputed interpretation" ], "appearance": "Not a visible object; mass protests often using a colour or flower symbol.", "visual_identification": [ "Nonviolent mass protest movements of the 2000s", "Rose, Orange and Tulip Revolutions; People Power and EDSA Revolutions as precedents", "Coups are seizures by elites or military; armed uprisings use force; the Arab Spring is a separate wave" ], "physical_properties": [ { "quantity": "main wave", "typical_range": "2000-2005", "unit": "period", "note": "" }, { "quantity": "People Power Revolution", "typical_range": "1986", "unit": "year", "note": "Philippines" }, { "quantity": "EDSA Revolution", "typical_range": "2001", "unit": "year", "note": "Philippines" } ], "families_and_kinds": [ "post-Soviet colour revolutions in Georgia, Ukraine and Kyrgyzstan", "the Serbian Bulldozer Revolution", "Philippine People Power and EDSA Revolutions as precedents", "failed or contested attempts", "later movements sometimes grouped with them" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "revolutionary wave", "why": "in registry terms" }, { "relation": "is exemplified by", "target": "Orange Revolution", "why": "in Ukraine 2004" }, { "relation": "is contrasted with", "target": "coup d etat", "why": "a seizure of power by elites" }, { "relation": "is studied in", "target": "political science", "why": "as nonviolent resistance" } ], "identifiers": [], "standards_and_regulation": [ "No regulation; election monitoring standards relevant to disputed elections" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Partisan framing as either pure democracy or foreign plots", "Agents advising on organising or suppressing protest", "Registry aliases naming Philippine events that predate the term" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "understand", "name": "Understand", "description": "What colour revolutions are.", "rationale": "Attribution.", "layers": [ { "id": "definition", "name": "Definition", "description": "Definition.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-finding", "name": "Definition", "description": "Definition.", "questions": [ { "text": "What is a colour revolution, and how does it differ from a coup, an armed uprising and the Arab Spring?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Is the question about the category, a specific event or advice on protest, which the model does not give?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "cases", "name": "Cases", "description": "Cases.", "findings": [ { "id": "cases-finding", "name": "Cases", "description": "Cases.", "questions": [ { "text": "What happened in the Bulldozer, Rose, Orange and Tulip Revolutions and the Philippine People Power and EDSA Revolutions?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Which entry fits the specific event?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "interpret", "name": "Interpret", "description": "Interpretations.", "rationale": "Attribution.", "layers": [ { "id": "democratic", "name": "Democratic", "description": "Democratic reading.", "findings": [ { "id": "democratic-finding", "name": "Democratic", "description": "Democratic.", "questions": [ { "text": "How do participants, Western governments and scholars of nonviolent resistance interpret these movements, with positions attributed?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which references are standard?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "critical", "name": "Critical", "description": "Critical reading.", "findings": [ { "id": "critical-finding", "name": "Critical", "description": "Critical.", "questions": [ { "text": "How do Russian and other governments and critical scholars describe them, with positions attributed?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Is the presentation balanced and attributed?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "outcomes", "name": "Outcomes", "description": "Outcomes.", "rationale": "Sources.", "layers": [ { "id": "results", "name": "Results", "description": "Results.", "findings": [ { "id": "results-finding", "name": "Results", "description": "Results.", "questions": [ { "text": "What were the political outcomes in each country, as historians assess them?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which sources are cited?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "responses", "name": "Responses", "description": "Responses.", "findings": [ { "id": "responses-finding", "name": "Responses", "description": "Responses.", "questions": [ { "text": "How did other governments respond, including laws on foreign-funded organisations, with accounts attributed?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits foreign agent law?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "context", "name": "Context", "description": "Theory and legacy.", "rationale": "Context.", "layers": [ { "id": "theory", "name": "Theory", "description": "Theory.", "findings": [ { "id": "theory-finding", "name": "Theory", "description": "Theory.", "questions": [ { "text": "How do theories of nonviolent resistance and diffusion explain these movements?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits nonviolent resistance?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "legacy", "name": "Legacy", "description": "Legacy.", "findings": [ { "id": "legacy-finding", "name": "Legacy", "description": "Legacy.", "questions": [ { "text": "How has the term been used for later movements, and how has its meaning shifted?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits protest movement?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should each revolution be a separate primary entry?", "How should political science sources be linked?", "The registry entry has merged aliases naming the Philippine revolutions; should they be split off?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "event or period", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a colour revolution, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Let an agent explain colour revolutions as a category, relay the main cases and their outcomes from historical and political science sources, present competing interpretations with attribution, and distinguish colour revolutions from coups, armed uprisings and the Arab Spring, without providing guidance on organising or suppressing protest.", "characteristics": { "substance": "activity", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: People Power Revolution, EDSA Revolution of 2001.", "2 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 47 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a colour revolution, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "something that happens over time", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Not a thing to see. Recognised by when it happened and who was involved, on the account of somebody." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "People Power Revolution", "EDSA Revolution of 2001" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 47 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 2 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one colour revolution from another, and a colour revolution from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a colour revolution, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a colour revolution, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a colour revolution is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a colour revolution, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a colour revolution, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a colour revolution is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a colour revolution sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a colour revolution, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a colour revolution, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a colour revolution is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a colour revolution from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a colour revolution, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a colour revolution, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a colour revolution is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a colour revolution passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a colour revolution between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a colour revolution, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a colour revolution, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a colour revolution is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a colour revolution, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a colour revolution is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a colour revolution, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a colour revolution, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a colour revolution is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "process-and-outcome", "name": "Process, inputs and outcome", "description": "How a colour revolution proceeds, what it needs and what it leaves behind.", "rationale": "An activity is known by its steps and its results, and both have to be recordable while it is still running.", "layers": [ { "id": "steps-and-sequence", "name": "Steps and sequence", "description": "The steps of a colour revolution, their order and what may run in parallel.", "findings": [ { "id": "steps-and-preconditions", "name": "Steps, preconditions and completion", "description": "What has to be true before each step of a colour revolution and what marks it done.", "questions": [ { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a step of a colour revolution, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a step of a colour revolution, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a step of a colour revolution is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-results", "name": "Inputs, resources and results", "description": "What a colour revolution consumes and what it produces.", "findings": [ { "id": "inputs-and-outputs", "name": "Inputs, outputs and side effects", "description": "The resources a colour revolution takes and the results it leaves, wanted or not.", "questions": [ { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the inputs and results of a colour revolution, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the inputs and results of a colour revolution, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the inputs and results of a colour revolution is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "extent-and-dating", "name": "Temporal extent and dating", "description": "When colour revolution began and ended, and who says so.", "rationale": "Dates for events are conventions held by historiographies that disagree, and a single confident date hides the disagreement.", "layers": [ { "id": "dating", "name": "Dating and calendar", "description": "Start, end, granularity and the calendar used.", "findings": [ { "id": "date-record", "name": "Dates, granularity and authority", "description": "What is dated, how precisely, and on whose account.", "questions": [ { "id": "date-record-q01", "text": "What start and end are conventionally given for colour revolution, at what granularity, in which calendar?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "date-record-q02", "text": "Which accounts date it differently, and on what grounds?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "membership-of-the-event", "name": "What counts as part of it", "description": "Sub-events included or excluded, and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "inclusion", "name": "Inclusion and exclusion", "description": "The episodes treated as inside the event and those left out.", "questions": [ { "id": "inclusion-q01", "text": "Which episodes are counted as part of colour revolution, and which are treated as separate?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "inclusion-q02", "text": "Whose framing is being followed in that inclusion, and who frames it otherwise?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "participants-and-consequence", "name": "Participants, causes and consequences", "description": "Who took part in colour revolution and what is claimed to follow from it.", "rationale": "Causation around events is asserted rather than observed, so each claim needs the party asserting it.", "layers": [ { "id": "participants", "name": "Participants and roles", "description": "Parties involved and what each did.", "findings": [ { "id": "participant-record", "name": "Parties and their roles", "description": "Who is recorded as involved and in what capacity.", "questions": [ { "id": "participant-record-q01", "text": "Which parties took part in colour revolution, in what roles, and on whose account?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "participant-record-q02", "text": "Where do accounts disagree about who was involved?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "consequences", "name": "Causes and consequences", "description": "What is claimed to have caused it and followed from it.", "findings": [ { "id": "causal-claims", "name": "Causal claims and who makes them", "description": "Antecedents and outcomes as attributed claims.", "questions": [ { "id": "causal-claims-q01", "text": "What causes and consequences are attributed to colour revolution, and by whom?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "causal-claims-q02", "text": "What would an agent need before treating such a claim as settled rather than contested?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a colour revolution came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a colour revolution and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a colour revolution, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a colour revolution, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a colour revolution is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a colour revolution is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a colour revolution, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a colour revolution, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a colour revolution is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 12, "findings": 14, "questions": 38 } } } }