myasthenia gravis
Enable an AI agent to represent evidence for myasthenia gravis, track its manifestations and course, and identify appropriate clinical review or emergency escalation.
Research draft, second pass
A second pass drafted this model: the structure a model of this thing needs, and what is known about it in the world. The line under this one says how the second half was obtained - researched against sources, or recalled without web access, in which case nothing here was read anywhere and every claim is a lead to verify. Unreviewed either way.
Researched by: Codex
Purpose and description
Enable an AI agent to represent evidence for myasthenia gravis, track its manifestations and course, and identify appropriate clinical review or emergency escalation.
It can be Assemble a traceable MG evidence summary and identify missing or contradictory diagnostic information.; Compare dated weakness distributions and functional assessments to flag possible generalization or deterioration.; Flag reported breathing difficulty or rapidly worsening bulbar function for urgent human assessment using an established escalation pathway.; Prepare medication and procedure caution reviews against current MG guidance for clinician or pharmacist assessment.; Summarize treatment exposure, functional response and adverse effects for specialist review.; Generate an MG-specific clinical handover with diagnostic uncertainty, crisis history and the current care plan..
Distinguishing features
Look for reproducible loss of muscle performance during sustained or repeated activity and recovery with rest; distinguish observed weakness from a report of tiredness alone. [MGFA diagnosis](https://myasthenia.org/understanding-mg/diagnosing-mg/)
Evaluate AChR, MuSK and appropriately interpreted additional antibody results alongside the clinical pattern; negative tests do not independently exclude MG. [MGFA diagnosis](https://myasthenia.org/understanding-mg/diagnosing-mg/)
Use repetitive nerve stimulation and single-fiber electromyography to assess neuromuscular transmission, with specialist interpretation rather than treating an abnormal result as a unique MG identifier. [MGFA diagnosis](https://myasthenia.org/understanding-mg/diagnosing-mg/)
Distinguish autoimmune MG from inherited congenital myasthenic syndromes through mechanism, genetic evidence and history, and from transient neonatal weakness through maternal antibody exposure. [MGFA related disorders](https://myasthenia.org/understanding-mg/mg-related-disorders/)
Distinguish the postsynaptic autoimmune process of MG from the presynaptic process of Lambert-Eaton syndrome using specialist diagnostic evidence. [MGFA related disorders](https://myasthenia.org/understanding-mg/mg-related-disorders/)
Scope
+ Evidence supporting, contradicting or leaving uncertain an autoimmune myasthenia gravis diagnosis.
+ Ocular and generalized manifestations, antibody phenotype and thymic associations.
+ Fatigable weakness, functional burden and changes over time.
+ Bulbar and respiratory deterioration, exacerbations and crisis history.
+ MG-specific treatment response, medication cautions and clinical decision dependencies.
- Complete patient identity, general medical history and encounter administration.
- Independent models of congenital myasthenic syndromes, Lambert-Eaton syndrome, botulism and other diagnostic alternatives.
- Thymoma staging, tumour biology and oncology treatment planning.
- Drug manufacture, complete prescribing information and procedural execution.
- Independent neonatal, pregnancy, infection and anaesthesia models, except their MG-specific relationships.
Characteristics
- Diagnostic standing
- suspected | supported | clinician-confirmed | disputed | excluded; dated with assessor and evidence Prevents a provisional label from becoming an unquestioned diagnosis.
- Distribution of weakness
- ocular-only | generalized | uncertain, plus affected ocular, facial, bulbar, neck, limb and respiratory muscle groups Separates disease distribution from overall severity and records newly involved muscle groups.
- Fatigability and recovery
- task, repetitions or duration in seconds, observed performance change and recovery interval Makes activity-dependent weakness assessable across observations.
- Antibody evidence
- AChR, MuSK, LRP4 or other specified target; positive | negative | equivocal | not tested, with assay and laboratory interpretation Preserves subtype evidence and distinguishes seronegativity from incomplete testing.
- Electrophysiological evidence
- RNS decrement in percent; SFEMG jitter in microseconds and blocking where reported; muscle, protocol and reference limits Allows specialist findings to be evaluated in their testing context.
- Daily functional burden
- MG-ADL item scores and total 0-24, with date, respondent and assessment context Supports longitudinal comparison while preserving which activities account for change.
- Clinical severity classification
- MGFA class I-V with applicable subclasses, classification version, date and assessor Records a clinical severity assessment without substituting it for the full course. [MGFA outcome measures](https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/mus.28417)
- Respiratory assessment
- vital capacity in L and mL/kg; inspiratory pressure in cm H2O with sign convention; time, technique, reliability and support status Makes respiratory trends reviewable without asserting one universal intervention threshold.
- Thymic association
- linked imaging, pathology and thymectomy records; suspected | established | not identified | not assessed Connects MG management to thymic findings while retaining their diagnostic provenance.
- Course and treatment response
- improving | stable | worsening | uncertain; clinician-assigned outcome category, treatment exposure and dated baseline Separates present symptoms, longitudinal change and treatment dependence.
Also called
Where this came from
wikidata · CC0 1.0
Also registered as vr.tr.myasthenia-gravis
Drafted structure
Bundle to layer to finding to question, as the second pass will find it: 5 bundles · 10 layers · 14 findings · 34 questions.
Diagnostic recognition Represent why a presentation is attributed to MG and what could overturn that attribution.
An MG label must remain distinguishable from symptoms, test abnormalities and competing diagnoses.
Clinical pattern
Capture the observed pattern that prompted investigation for MG.
Demonstrated fatigable weakness
Record affected movements, activity dependence and recovery separately from subjective fatigue.
- Which movements weaken during sustained or repeated use, and what recovery follows rest? measurement
- Which observations were examined directly, reported by the person or inferred from earlier records? provenance
Diagnostic adjudication
Connect investigations and alternatives to the current diagnostic judgment.
Supporting and conflicting tests
Retain original antibody and electrophysiology reports, test conditions and specialist interpretations.
- What were the antibody and electrophysiological results, methods, dates and laboratory reference limits? provenance
- How did the diagnosing clinician reconcile negative, equivocal or discordant results? definition
Alternative explanations
Keep competing explanations explicit until their relevance has been assessed.
- What evidence distinguishes this presentation from Lambert-Eaton syndrome, congenital myasthenic syndromes, botulism, myopathy or focal ocular disease? boundary
- Which unresolved alternative requires additional specialist assessment before accepting MG? action
Phenotype and thymic context Represent clinically meaningful MG subtypes and their supporting evidence.
Distribution, antibody findings and thymic associations create different clinical decision contexts.
Clinical and antibody phenotype
Maintain distribution and serological classification as separate, revisable assessments.
Phenotype assignment
Record current and historical weakness distribution alongside the exact antibody testing scope.
- Is weakness currently ocular-only or generalized, and has extraocular weakness ever been documented? boundary
- Which antibody targets and assays support the assigned phenotype, and which remain untested? provenance
- What definition of seronegative is being used in this assessment? definition
Thymic and onset context
Connect thymic evidence and circumstances of onset to the MG assessment.
Thymic findings
Link chest imaging and pathology without inferring a thymic diagnosis from the MG label.
- What imaging or pathology establishes the thymic assessment, and when was it performed? provenance
- Does the finding require a linked thymoma or surgical assessment? action
Onset mechanism
Record onset age, exposure timing and evidence relevant to autoimmune, inherited or passively transferred mechanisms.
- What is the earliest supported symptom onset relative to medication exposure and relevant family or maternal history? provenance
- Does the evidence support autoimmune MG or a linked congenital or transient neonatal disorder? boundary
Functional state and course Represent the impact and evolution of MG using dated, comparable observations.
A single examination or aggregate score cannot represent fluctuating weakness and its consequences.
Current functional impact
Connect symptom distribution to activities and clinical assessments.
Activity limitations
Record which visual, speaking, chewing, swallowing, breathing and limb activities are affected.
- Which MG-ADL items or directly described activities are impaired, and by how much? measurement
- When was the assessment made relative to exertion, rest and medication dosing? provenance
- Which limitations may instead reflect another condition or a treatment adverse effect? boundary
Longitudinal change
Distinguish within-day variation from sustained improvement, worsening or altered distribution.
Course assessment
Preserve baseline, comparable follow-up observations and the definition behind each clinician-assigned outcome.
- Compared with which dated baseline has weakness, functional burden or muscle involvement changed? measurement
- What criteria and treatment status support a label such as exacerbation, minimal manifestations or remission? definition
- Does the change meet the person's agreed threshold for clinical reassessment? action
Bulbar and respiratory safety Represent signs of airway, swallowing and ventilatory compromise and the corresponding escalation plan.
Respiratory deterioration can require immediate care; crisis must be distinguished from a general symptom flare. [MGFA emergencies](https://myasthenia.org/living-with-mg/mg-emergency-preparedness/mg-emergencies/)
Threatened functions
Track breathing and airway protection separately from overall symptom scores.
Bulbar safety
Record swallowing, secretion handling, speech and cough changes with clinical assessments.
- Is there new choking, difficulty handling secretions, weak cough or rapidly worsening speech or swallowing? measurement
- What swallowing or airway assessment and current feeding instructions have clinicians documented? provenance
Ventilatory status
Retain respiratory symptoms, serial measurements, measurement reliability and assistance requirements.
- How have breathing symptoms, vital capacity and inspiratory pressure changed, with what measurement limitations? measurement
- Is ventilatory assistance required, and what cause and urgency have clinicians assigned? definition
Emergency escalation
Connect observed deterioration to an explicit clinical response pathway.
Crisis response context
Record prior crises, current clinician assessment and the emergency handover information needed for action.
- Which current signs require immediate emergency assessment under the applicable care pathway? action
- What prior crisis, ventilation and rescue-treatment history should accompany escalation? provenance
- Who receives the escalation, and how is receipt or clinical review confirmed? action
Treatment response and action constraints Connect MG interventions to their purpose, observed outcomes and requirements for clinical decisions.
The agent must distinguish a recorded treatment plan from evidence of benefit and from authority to change treatment.
Therapeutic course
Track symptomatic treatment, immune treatment, rescue interventions and thymectomy in the clinical timeline.
Intervention response
Link each intervention to its intended outcome, actual exposure, follow-up and adverse effects.
- What MG problem was each intervention intended to address, and what treatment was actually received? provenance
- What functional or clinical change followed, over what interval and with which concurrent interventions? measurement
- What evidence separates inadequate response from intolerance, interrupted access or incomplete exposure? boundary
Decision prerequisites
Capture subtype, safety and contextual dependencies before a treatment or procedure is reconsidered.
Medication and exposure cautions
Check new exposures against current MG cautions while preserving the distinction between an association and an absolute prohibition. [MGFA cautionary drugs](https://myasthenia.org/understanding-mg/learn-more-about-mg-treatments/mg-brochures/cautionary-drugs/)
- Which medicines, supplements or recent exposure changes require MG-specific clinician or pharmacist review? action
- What evidence, exposure timing and alternative explanations support suspected medication-related worsening? provenance
Clinical action authority
Represent the prerequisites and responsible clinician for MG treatment changes and coordination around surgery, pregnancy or infection.
- Which antibody phenotype, thymic finding, comorbidity or life circumstance affects the proposed decision? boundary
- Which current guideline, product information or local pathway governs eligibility and monitoring? provenance
- What may the agent summarize or flag, and which decision requires the treating clinician's authorization? action
What the second pass must settle
- Which diagnostic evidence standard and assay sequence should govern uncertain or seronegative presentations, particularly isolated ocular symptoms?
- Which assessment instruments, observation intervals and change thresholds should be adopted for children, adults and different MG phenotypes?
- Which locally approved escalation pathway should interpret respiratory trends and bulbar deterioration when measurements are missing or unreliable?
- Which current jurisdiction-specific treatment eligibility and monitoring requirements apply to each antibody phenotype and special clinical circumstance?
- Does the wider Vercy catalogue already contain a canonical MG model, and how should this entry link to transient neonatal myasthenia and treatment-associated MG without duplicating concepts?