{ "model": { "rank": 4343, "code": "thing-q83341", "model_id": "vr.tr.liquid-crystal-display", "name": "liquid-crystal display", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise a liquid-crystal display, assess its optical and electrical state, and determine compatible operation, integration and servicing actions.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.OBJ", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q83341/", "tier": 2, "score": 76, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "memory LCD", "Cholesteric liquid crystal", "digital photo frame", "vertical alignment LCD", "New Mobile ASV", "Definity", "Nxtpaper", "PLS panel", "passive-matrix liquid crystal display", "super-twisted nematic display", "active-matrix liquid crystal display", "transflective liquid-crystal display", "FlexiDis", "S-PVA panel" ], "aliasCount": 14, "merged": 14, "knownIn": 76, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q83341", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83341", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-09T20:00:26Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 25.5, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a087c0-e53e-74b0-815e-e6ce93db3db8\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: liquid-crystal display\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: PHY.OBJ\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 695 things:\n# Batch 004", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 66.4, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a087c0-e531-7cb3-b121-af4d6d9579de\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: liquid-crystal display\nRegistry id: vr.tr.liquid-crystal-display\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.OBJ\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q83341", "registryId": "vr.tr.liquid-crystal-display", "name": "liquid-crystal display", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.OBJ" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q83341/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.liquid-crystal-display", "name": "liquid-crystal display", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise a liquid-crystal display, assess its optical and electrical state, and determine compatible operation, integration and servicing actions.", "definition": "A liquid-crystal display (LCD) is an electronic visual display that uses electrically controlled changes in the optical properties of a liquid-crystal layer to modulate transmitted or reflected light and form visible information.", "scope_statement": "This model owns the liquid-crystal display as a kind of electrically controlled light-modulating display, including its cell, addressing system, optical stack and associated illumination where fitted; product specifications and individual-unit observations are recorded as evidence about this kind.", "in_scope": [ "Liquid-crystal cells and the optical structures that convert their electrically controlled behaviour into visible information", "Segmented, passive-matrix and active-matrix addressing arrangements", "Reflective, transmissive and transflective illumination arrangements", "Display drive requirements, interfaces and operating states", "Image quality, environmental limits, degradation and serviceability" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Liquid-crystal materials considered independently of a display", "Complete televisions, monitors, instruments or computers containing an LCD", "Touch sensing and input interpretation, except their integration with the display", "OLED, microLED, plasma and electrophoretic display mechanisms", "Content generation, application interfaces and video production", "Manufacturing equipment and fabrication processes as independently managed things" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "The image-forming mechanism electrically changes a liquid-crystal layer's optical behaviour; an enclosure or marketing label alone does not establish that a device is an LCD.", "The liquid-crystal layer modulates illumination rather than serving as an OLED-like or microLED-like emissive pixel array.", "A display advertised as an LED display belongs here when LEDs illuminate a liquid-crystal image-forming panel; direct-view LED arrays do not.", "Segmented character displays and pixel matrices both qualify when their visible elements use liquid-crystal modulation.", "A touch-sensitive surface qualifies only through its underlying display mechanism; touch capability does not distinguish LCD from other display technologies." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Addressing arrangement", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Segmented; passive matrix; active matrix; other documented arrangement", "why_it_matters": "Determines how visible elements are selected and what driving electronics are required." }, { "name": "Liquid-crystal operating mode", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Documented mode, such as TN, IPS or VA; unknown", "why_it_matters": "Helps interpret viewing behaviour and drive requirements without assuming that a commercial label specifies the complete optical design." }, { "name": "Illumination arrangement", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Reflective; transmissive; transflective; other documented arrangement", "why_it_matters": "Determines whether visibility depends on ambient illumination, an integrated light source or both." }, { "name": "Native image structure", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Horizontal × vertical pixels, or segment and character counts", "why_it_matters": "Establishes the information the display can physically represent." }, { "name": "Active display dimensions", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Width and height in mm; diagonal in mm or inches", "why_it_matters": "Supports mechanical integration and relates image structure to readable element size." }, { "name": "Optical output", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Luminance in cd/m² and contrast ratio with illumination, viewing geometry and drive settings recorded", "why_it_matters": "Makes visibility assessments comparable under stated conditions." }, { "name": "Temporal response", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Refresh rate in Hz and optical transition time in ms, with transition definition and temperature", "why_it_matters": "Separates image update frequency from how quickly the liquid-crystal image changes." }, { "name": "Electrical and control compatibility", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Relations to a documented driver, pinout, signal interface and power specification", "why_it_matters": "Prevents physical connector similarity from being mistaken for electrical compatibility." }, { "name": "Operating condition", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Unpowered; initialising; displaying; blanked; standby; fault; unknown", "why_it_matters": "Distinguishes commanded blanking from loss of illumination, drive or panel function." }, { "name": "Observed display defects", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Location and severity of pixel, segment, line, uniformity, retention, illumination or physical defects", "why_it_matters": "Supports fault isolation and fitness-for-use decisions." }, { "name": "Environmental limits", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Operating and storage temperature in °C; humidity in %RH with condensation restrictions", "why_it_matters": "Constrains use and interpretation of temperature-dependent optical behaviour." } ], "affordances": [ "Determine whether a display uses liquid-crystal modulation and identify its addressing and illumination arrangements.", "Match a panel or module to documented power, driver, timing and interface requirements.", "Set supported image, contrast, illumination and power states within documented limits.", "Evaluate readability and image defects under recorded illumination, viewing and temperature conditions.", "Isolate likely panel, driver, connection and illumination faults before selecting a service action.", "Assess replacement compatibility and route retired assemblies according to their documented materials and components." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "display-identity-and-boundary", "name": "Display identity and boundary", "description": "Establish what qualifies as the LCD and which integrated components are included.", "rationale": "LCD terminology can refer to a bare cell, panel, module or complete appliance, and these boundaries imply different capabilities.", "layers": [ { "id": "image-forming-mechanism", "name": "Image-forming mechanism", "description": "Identify the liquid-crystal mechanism independently of product marketing.", "findings": [ { "id": "liquid-crystal-identification", "name": "Liquid-crystal identification", "description": "Record evidence that electrically controlled liquid crystal forms the visible segments or pixels.", "questions": [ { "text": "What documentation or inspection establishes that liquid-crystal modulation forms the image?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "liquid-crystal-identification-q01" }, { "text": "Does an LED or quantum-dot label describe illumination or colour conversion associated with an LCD, or a different image-forming mechanism?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "liquid-crystal-identification-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "assembly-extent", "name": "Assembly extent", "description": "Separate the display mechanism from its module and host appliance.", "findings": [ { "id": "included-display-components", "name": "Included display components", "description": "Identify whether the described assembly includes drivers, illumination, control electronics and bonded input layers.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is the subject a bare cell, panel or module, and which drive and illumination components are included?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "included-display-components-q01" }, { "text": "Which bonded touch, cover-glass or host-system components require relations to neighbouring models?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "included-display-components-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "optical-stack-and-illumination", "name": "Optical stack and illumination", "description": "Describe how the display modulates available light into a visible image.", "rationale": "LCD visibility depends jointly on the liquid-crystal cell, optical layers and illumination path.", "layers": [ { "id": "cell-and-optical-layers", "name": "Cell and optical layers", "description": "Capture the documented operating mode and image-forming optical arrangement.", "findings": [ { "id": "optical-mode-and-colour", "name": "Optical mode and colour", "description": "Record the liquid-crystal mode, relevant optical films and method of producing monochrome or colour output.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which liquid-crystal mode and optical-layer arrangement are documented for this display?", "kind": "definition", "id": "optical-mode-and-colour-q01" }, { "text": "How are colour or monochrome elements formed, and what pixel, subpixel or segment layout results?", "kind": "definition", "id": "optical-mode-and-colour-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "illumination-path", "name": "Illumination path", "description": "Identify ambient and integrated illumination contributions.", "findings": [ { "id": "light-source-dependence", "name": "Light-source dependence", "description": "Record reflective and transmitted light paths and the controls of any integrated illuminator.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is the display reflective, transmissive or transflective, and under which lighting conditions is each path usable?", "kind": "definition", "id": "light-source-dependence-q01" }, { "text": "What light-source technology, brightness controls and independently controlled illumination regions are present?", "kind": "definition", "id": "light-source-dependence-q02" }, { "text": "What remains visible when integrated illumination is disabled under a specified ambient light level?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "light-source-dependence-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "addressing-drive-and-control", "name": "Addressing, drive and control", "description": "Capture how electrical commands produce and maintain the display image.", "rationale": "A compatible host connection does not by itself establish correct liquid-crystal drive, timing or power sequencing.", "layers": [ { "id": "element-addressing", "name": "Element addressing", "description": "Identify the selectable image elements and the electronics that drive them.", "findings": [ { "id": "addressing-and-drive-requirements", "name": "Addressing and drive requirements", "description": "Record matrix or segment organisation and distinguish exposed cell-drive requirements from functions handled internally.", "questions": [ { "text": "How are segments or pixels addressed, and which driver functions are internal to the assembly?", "kind": "definition", "id": "addressing-and-drive-requirements-q01" }, { "text": "Which documented waveforms, bias conditions or drive settings apply at the exposed electrical boundary?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "addressing-and-drive-requirements-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "interface-and-power-states", "name": "Interface and power states", "description": "Establish compatible connections and controlled transitions between display states.", "findings": [ { "id": "safe-operating-sequence", "name": "Safe operating sequence", "description": "Record required rails, logic levels, timing, initialisation and shutdown behaviour.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which supply voltages, current requirements, pinout, logic levels and interface timings are specified?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "safe-operating-sequence-q01" }, { "text": "What power sequencing, reset and initialisation actions are required before displaying an image?", "kind": "action", "id": "safe-operating-sequence-q02" }, { "text": "How can commanded blanking, illumination-off and standby be distinguished from a display fault?", "kind": "definition", "id": "safe-operating-sequence-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "image-performance-and-use-envelope", "name": "Image performance and use envelope", "description": "Assess whether the display produces a usable image under the intended conditions.", "rationale": "LCD quality depends on viewing geometry, ambient illumination, temperature and measurement method.", "layers": [ { "id": "spatial-and-viewing-performance", "name": "Spatial and viewing performance", "description": "Relate physical image structure to readability and viewing conditions.", "findings": [ { "id": "readability-and-optical-quality", "name": "Readability and optical quality", "description": "Record native structure, active dimensions and optical measurements with their test conditions.", "questions": [ { "text": "What are the native pixel or segment structure and active display dimensions?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "readability-and-optical-quality-q01" }, { "text": "What luminance, contrast and uniformity are measured at the intended viewing angles and ambient illumination?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "readability-and-optical-quality-q02" }, { "text": "Which readability or colour acceptance criteria does the intended application require?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "readability-and-optical-quality-q03" } ] } ] }, { "id": "temporal-and-environmental-behaviour", "name": "Temporal and environmental behaviour", "description": "Assess image changes and performance across the permitted environment.", "findings": [ { "id": "dynamic-performance-limits", "name": "Dynamic performance limits", "description": "Separate update timing, optical response and environmental restrictions.", "questions": [ { "text": "What are the supported update rates and measured optical transition times, with temperature and transition method stated?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "dynamic-performance-limits-q01" }, { "text": "Which operating and storage limits are documented, including temperature, humidity and condensation restrictions?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "dynamic-performance-limits-q02" }, { "text": "Which permitted adjustments improve observed motion artefacts, flicker or low-temperature readability?", "kind": "action", "id": "dynamic-performance-limits-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "faults-service-and-conformance", "name": "Faults, service and conformance", "description": "Connect observed defects to bounded diagnostic, maintenance and retirement decisions.", "rationale": "Similar visible failures can originate in the cell, addressing electronics, optical stack or illumination, with different service implications.", "layers": [ { "id": "defect-assessment", "name": "Defect assessment", "description": "Characterise defects and distinguish likely causes through controlled observations.", "findings": [ { "id": "display-fault-isolation", "name": "Display fault isolation", "description": "Record defect location, persistence and dependence on content, connections and illumination.", "questions": [ { "text": "Are defects confined to pixels, segments, rows, columns, illumination regions or damaged optical surfaces?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "display-fault-isolation-q01" }, { "text": "Which supported test patterns and checks distinguish source-signal, connection, driver, illumination and panel faults?", "kind": "action", "id": "display-fault-isolation-q02" }, { "text": "Does an apparent retained image change after the manufacturer's permitted recovery procedure?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "display-fault-isolation-q03" } ] } ] }, { "id": "service-and-applicable-requirements", "name": "Service and applicable requirements", "description": "Identify permitted handling, replacement constraints and requirements at the correct assembly boundary.", "findings": [ { "id": "maintenance-replacement-and-evidence", "name": "Maintenance, replacement and evidence", "description": "Record approved care and component replacement, together with applicable conformance and disposal evidence.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which cleaning, handling and replacement procedures are approved for the polariser, bonded layers, panel connections and illuminator?", "kind": "action", "id": "maintenance-replacement-and-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "Which standards, issuing bodies, editions and certification records apply to this assembly or its host, and what scope does each record cover?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "maintenance-replacement-and-evidence-q02" }, { "text": "Which documented components or materials determine service precautions and retirement routes, including any legacy mercury-containing illumination?", "kind": "action", "id": "maintenance-replacement-and-evidence-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "This describes the device class, rather than a particular panel, product model or physical unit; statements are recalled knowledge and have not been source-checked.", "The listed kinds overlap: TN, STN, IPS and VA describe liquid-crystal operation, while reflective and transflective describe illumination arrangements.", "Measurement ranges are illustrative desktop-monitor values, not limits for all LCDs; verify current standard editions and product-specific applicability." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of liquid-crystal display this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Twisted-nematic (TN) LCD", "Super-twisted-nematic (STN) LCD", "In-plane-switching (IPS) LCD", "Vertical-alignment (VA) LCD", "Reflective LCD", "Transflective LCD" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of liquid-crystal display this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "IEC 61747 series, issued by the International Electrotechnical Commission, addresses liquid-crystal display devices and associated measurement methods.", "ISO 9241-307, issued by the International Organization for Standardization, specifies analysis and compliance test methods for electronic visual displays.", "IEC 62368-1, issued by the International Electrotechnical Commission, addresses safety of audio/video and information and communication technology equipment, including applicable finished display products." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of liquid-crystal display this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Television and computer screens", "Phone, tablet and laptop screens", "Instrument panels and industrial control interfaces", "Watches, calculators and appliance indicators", "Image-modulating panels in some projectors" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of liquid-crystal display this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Screen diagonal for desktop LCD monitors", "typical_range": "Approximately 20-32", "unit": "inch" }, { "quantity": "White-screen luminance for ordinary indoor desktop monitors", "typical_range": "Approximately 200-400", "unit": "cd/m²" }, { "quantity": "Refresh rate for general-purpose desktop monitors", "typical_range": "Commonly 60-144", "unit": "Hz" }, { "quantity": "Advertised gray-to-gray pixel response time for desktop monitors", "typical_range": "Approximately 1-10; strongly dependent on transitions, temperature and drive settings", "unit": "ms" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of liquid-crystal display this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Defective pixel switches or connections can produce stuck pixels, dead pixels, or persistent row and column faults.", "Backlight, backlight-driver or power-supply failure can cause dimming, flicker or loss of visible illumination.", "Mechanical impact can crack the glass cell and cause permanent image damage or liquid-crystal leakage.", "Prolonged static images can cause image retention; low temperatures can slow switching and produce motion smearing.", "Older cold-cathode fluorescent backlights contain mercury and use high-voltage drive circuitry, creating servicing and disposal hazards." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of liquid-crystal display this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Finished products face different electrical-safety, electromagnetic-compatibility and disposal requirements across jurisdictions.", "European Union products may fall under RoHS substance restrictions and WEEE collection and treatment requirements." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of liquid-crystal display this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Liquid crystal", "difference": "A liquid crystal is a material phase; an LCD is a device that uses such material to control light." }, { "name": "OLED display", "difference": "OLED pixels emit light directly; LCD pixels modulate light supplied by a backlight or the surroundings." }, { "name": "LED display", "difference": "A direct-view LED display forms images with emitting LEDs; a product marketed as an LED television commonly uses an LCD panel with an LED backlight." }, { "name": "TFT display", "difference": "TFT describes a thin-film-transistor addressing technology used in many LCDs and other displays; it does not uniquely identify the optical display mechanism." }, { "name": "Electronic paper", "difference": "Electronic paper denotes displays designed for paper-like viewing, commonly using electrophoretic particles; LCD identifies a liquid-crystal light-modulation mechanism, although some liquid-crystal technologies can serve electronic-paper applications." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of liquid-crystal display this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Does the registry intend this entry to include liquid-crystal projection light valves and specialised optical modes, or only directly viewed displays?", "Which authoritative sources establish the mode taxonomy and terminology needed to distinguish technical designs from commercial panel labels?", "Which measurement standards and issuing bodies should govern contrast, response time, viewing angle and pixel-defect assessment for each intended application?", "What representative capacity, dimension and power ranges can be supported separately for segmented displays, small modules and large panels?", "Which service, lifetime and environmental claims can be generalised across LCDs, and which must remain specific to a documented product or illumination technology?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 18, "questions": 34 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "device, machine or tool", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a liquid-crystal display, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an agent to recognise a liquid-crystal display, assess its optical and electrical state, and determine compatible operation, integration and servicing actions.", "characteristics": { "substance": "material", "origin": "manufactured", "agency": "inert", "mobility": "varies" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: memory LCD, Cholesteric liquid crystal, digital photo frame, vertical alignment LCD, New Mobile ASV, Definity, Nxtpaper, PLS panel, passive-matrix liquid crystal display, super-twisted nematic display, active-matrix liquid crystal display, transflective liquid-crystal display.", "14 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 76 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a liquid-crystal display, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "matter you can touch", "physicalCharacter": [ "Mobility varies between examples.", "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Recognised by form, by the arrangement of its controls, and by markings - a plate, a model number, a certification mark. Form alone rarely separates two models that do very different things." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "memory LCD", "Cholesteric liquid crystal", "digital photo frame", "vertical alignment LCD", "New Mobile ASV", "Definity", "Nxtpaper", "PLS panel", "passive-matrix liquid crystal display", "super-twisted nematic display", "active-matrix liquid crystal display", "transflective liquid-crystal display" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 76 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 14 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one liquid-crystal display from another, and a liquid-crystal display from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a liquid-crystal display, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a liquid-crystal display, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a liquid-crystal display is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a liquid-crystal display, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a liquid-crystal display, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a liquid-crystal display is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a liquid-crystal display sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a liquid-crystal display, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a liquid-crystal display, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a liquid-crystal display is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a liquid-crystal display from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a liquid-crystal display, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a liquid-crystal display, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a liquid-crystal display is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a liquid-crystal display is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a liquid-crystal display, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a liquid-crystal display, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a liquid-crystal display is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Materials, parts and how they are put together.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and materials", "description": "What a liquid-crystal display is built from and which parts are replaceable.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a liquid-crystal display, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a liquid-crystal display, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a liquid-crystal display is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a liquid-crystal display is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a liquid-crystal display, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a liquid-crystal display, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a liquid-crystal display is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a liquid-crystal display is, how it got there and where it may go (varies).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a liquid-crystal display is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a liquid-crystal display, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a liquid-crystal display, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a liquid-crystal display is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a liquid-crystal display is carried, installed or relocated.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a liquid-crystal display, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a liquid-crystal display, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a liquid-crystal display is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a liquid-crystal display passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a liquid-crystal display between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a liquid-crystal display, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a liquid-crystal display, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a liquid-crystal display is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a liquid-crystal display, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a liquid-crystal display is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a liquid-crystal display, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a liquid-crystal display, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a liquid-crystal display is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "function-and-principle", "name": "Function and operating principle", "description": "What liquid-crystal display is for and how it achieves it.", "rationale": "Two devices with the same name can work on different principles, and the principle is what predicts failure and constrains use.", "layers": [ { "id": "intended-function", "name": "Intended function", "description": "The job it does, and the jobs it is used for anyway.", "findings": [ { "id": "function-record", "name": "Function, principle and variants", "description": "What it does, how, and which variants do it differently.", "questions": [ { "id": "function-record-q01", "text": "What function does liquid-crystal display perform, on what operating principle, and which variants differ in that principle?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "function-record-q02", "text": "What use falls outside the intended function but happens in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "capacity-and-rating", "name": "Capacity and rating", "description": "The numbers that say what it can do and where it stops.", "findings": [ { "id": "ratings", "name": "Ratings and their conditions", "description": "Rated capacity, power, throughput and the conditions each assumes.", "questions": [ { "id": "ratings-q01", "text": "What ratings characterise liquid-crystal display, in what units, and under what stated conditions?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "ratings-q02", "text": "What happens beyond the rating - degradation, refusal, damage - and how is that detected?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "operation-and-state", "name": "Operation, controls and state", "description": "How liquid-crystal display is operated and what state it is in right now.", "rationale": "An agent acting on a device needs its current state and the controls that change it, not just its specification.", "layers": [ { "id": "controls-and-modes", "name": "Controls and modes", "description": "What can be set, what that changes, and what is interlocked.", "findings": [ { "id": "control-surface", "name": "Control surface and interlocks", "description": "The settings available and the conditions that block them.", "questions": [ { "id": "control-surface-q01", "text": "What controls and modes does liquid-crystal display have, and what does each change?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "control-surface-q02", "text": "Which actions are interlocked or forbidden in which state, and what must be true before acting?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-maintenance", "name": "Condition and maintenance", "description": "Wear, service intervals, consumables and the line between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "service-record", "name": "Condition, service and consumables", "description": "What is consumed, what is serviced, and how condition is judged.", "questions": [ { "id": "service-record-q01", "text": "What consumables and service does liquid-crystal display need, at what interval, and on whose authority?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "service-record-q02", "text": "What evidence separates a unit that is working from one that is out of service?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "kind-model-unit", "name": "Kind, model and unit", "description": "Whether a claim about liquid-crystal display is about the kind, a product line, or one physical unit.", "rationale": "This is the boundary most often got wrong for made things, and getting it wrong mixes a catalogue entry with the machine in the yard.", "layers": [ { "id": "level-of-reference", "name": "Level of reference", "description": "The three levels and what belongs at each.", "findings": [ { "id": "level-rules", "name": "What belongs to kind, model and unit", "description": "Which properties are shared by all of them and which are not.", "questions": [ { "id": "level-rules-q01", "text": "Which facts about liquid-crystal display hold for every one of them, which for a model, and which only for one unit?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "level-rules-q02", "text": "What identifies an individual unit, and what should an agent do when it has only the kind?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "standards-and-conformity", "name": "Standards and conformity", "description": "The standards a working example must meet and who attests it.", "findings": [ { "id": "conformity", "name": "Standards, marks and attestation", "description": "Which standard applies, who certifies, and what the mark means.", "questions": [ { "id": "conformity-q01", "text": "Which standards govern liquid-crystal display, issued by whom, and what does conformity actually assert?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "conformity-q02", "text": "What may an agent conclude from a certification mark, and what may it not?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a liquid-crystal display came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a liquid-crystal display and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a liquid-crystal display, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a liquid-crystal display, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a liquid-crystal display is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a liquid-crystal display is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a liquid-crystal display, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a liquid-crystal display, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a liquid-crystal display is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 8, "layers": 17, "findings": 19, "questions": 51 } } } }