{ "model": { "rank": 1013, "code": "thing-q8463", "model_id": "vr.tr.slavery", "name": "slavery", "purpose": "Let an agent describe slavery with historical accuracy and respect for victims, explain its legal prohibition and contemporary forms, route suspected trafficking or forced labour to help, and never facilitate exploitation.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Activities and processes", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "ACT", "domain": "ACT.ACT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q8463/", "tier": 2, "score": 201, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "hierodule", "Bacha bazi", "Jarya", "Ojiroku Obasa", "sexual slavery", "trade in white women", "modern slavery", "debt bondage", "White slavery", "slavery in Argentina", "Caricom Reparations Commission", "descent-based slavery", "Slavery in the Trucial States", "Slavery in Qatar", "Slavery in Kuwait", "Slavery in Bahrain", "slavery in Algeria", "slavery in the United States", "Slavery in Syria", "Slavery in Iraq", "Slavery in Jordan", "Slavery in Lebanon", "Slavery in the Comoros", "Slavery in Malaysia", "Slavery in Brunei", "Bogol", "slavery in ancient Greece", "Slavery in Bosnia and Herzegovina", "slavery in the Canary Islands", "slavery in Mauritania", "slavery in ancient Rome", "slavery in contemporary Africa", "slavery in Asia", "Slavery in 21st century Islamism", "slavery in Pakistan", "slavery in the Ottoman Empire", "slavery in Korea", "Aztec slavery", "slavery in antiquity", "slavery in Catalonia" ], "aliasCount": 66, "merged": 66, "knownIn": 201, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q8463", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8463", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-11T15:59:27Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 1, "engine": "claude" }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q8463", "registryId": "vr.tr.slavery", "name": "slavery", "version": "0.2.0-wave.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "ACT.ACT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q8463/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.slavery", "name": "slavery", "purpose": "Let an agent describe slavery with historical accuracy and respect for victims, explain its legal prohibition and contemporary forms, route suspected trafficking or forced labour to help, and never facilitate exploitation.", "definition": "A condition in which people are owned, bought, sold or held in forced labour or servitude and treated as property, practised in many societies through history and abolished in law worldwide, though contemporary forms such as forced labour, debt bondage, forced marriage and human trafficking persist; slavery is prohibited under international law and its history is a central subject of scholarship and remembrance.", "what_it_is_for": "A grave human rights violation studied in history and combated today.", "affordances": [ "describe historical slavery with attributed sources", "explain international and national prohibitions", "recognise signs of contemporary slavery and route to help", "find remembrance, archives and survivor voices" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "People treated as property", "Prohibited under international law", "Historical and contemporary forms", "Grave violation" ], "appearance": "Not physical; a legal and social condition documented in records and testimony.", "visual_identification": [ "Ownership or control of people", "Forced labour and servitude", "Exploitative work with freedom to leave is not slavery in law but may be abuse" ], "physical_properties": [], "families_and_kinds": [ "chattel slavery in history", "forced labour", "debt bondage", "forced marriage and sexual exploitation", "human trafficking" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "forced labor", "why": "category" }, { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "social exploitation", "why": "category" }, { "relation": "is prohibited by", "target": "human rights", "why": "law" }, { "relation": "is related to", "target": "colony", "why": "historical context" } ], "identifiers": [], "standards_and_regulation": [ "1926 Slavery Convention and 1956 Supplementary Convention", "ILO Forced Labour Convention and 2014 Protocol", "UN Trafficking Protocol", "Universal Declaration of Human Rights article 4" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Content that facilitates exploitation", "Minimising or sanitising history", "Endangering victims by poor advice" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "help", "name": "Help", "description": "Contemporary slavery.", "rationale": "Safety first.", "layers": [ { "id": "signs", "name": "Signs", "description": "Recognising exploitation.", "findings": [ { "id": "signs-finding", "name": "Signs", "description": "Recognising exploitation.", "questions": [ { "text": "Are there signs that a person is being held, controlled or forced to work, according to anti-slavery indicators?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "text": "Which hotline, police or NGO contact applies here, and is the person safe to contact them?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "limits", "name": "Limits", "description": "Agent conduct.", "findings": [ { "id": "limits-finding", "name": "Limits", "description": "Limits.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does the request seek to exploit, control or traffic people?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "text": "How should the agent refuse and, where there is danger, route to authorities?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "law", "name": "Law", "description": "Prohibition.", "rationale": "Absolute prohibition.", "layers": [ { "id": "international", "name": "International", "description": "Treaties.", "findings": [ { "id": "international-finding", "name": "International", "description": "Treaties.", "questions": [ { "text": "What do international instruments prohibit, and how are they enforced?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which bodies monitor compliance?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "national", "name": "National", "description": "National law.", "findings": [ { "id": "national-finding", "name": "National", "description": "National law.", "questions": [ { "text": "What do national anti-slavery and anti-trafficking laws provide here, in general terms?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "What protections do victims have?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "history", "name": "History", "description": "Historical slavery.", "rationale": "Accuracy and respect.", "layers": [ { "id": "accounts", "name": "Accounts", "description": "Historical accounts.", "findings": [ { "id": "accounts-finding", "name": "Accounts", "description": "Historical accounts.", "questions": [ { "text": "How do historians describe slavery in this society or period, including the experiences of enslaved people?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Are enslaved people voices and agency included?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "abolition", "name": "Abolition", "description": "Abolition and legacies.", "findings": [ { "id": "abolition-finding", "name": "Abolition", "description": "Abolition.", "questions": [ { "text": "How was slavery abolished here, and what legacies persist, according to scholars?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Are debates on reparations and memory attributed neutrally?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "memory", "name": "Memory", "description": "Remembrance.", "rationale": "Remember the people.", "layers": [ { "id": "sites", "name": "Sites", "description": "Memorials and museums.", "findings": [ { "id": "sites-finding", "name": "Sites", "description": "Memorials.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which memorials, museums and archives address slavery here?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "How are they curated with descendant communities?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "language", "name": "Language", "description": "Respectful language.", "findings": [ { "id": "language-finding", "name": "Language", "description": "Language.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is respectful, non-graphic language used, such as enslaved people rather than slaves where preferred?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "text": "Are registry aliases naming specific abuses kept out of casual description?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should contemporary slavery be a separate entry?", "How should archives and survivor sources be linked?", "How should reporting routes be localised?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "abstract concept", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a slavery, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Let an agent describe slavery with historical accuracy and respect for victims, explain its legal prohibition and contemporary forms, route suspected trafficking or forced labour to help, and never facilitate exploitation.", "characteristics": { "substance": "activity", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: hierodule, Bacha bazi, Jarya, Ojiroku Obasa, sexual slavery, trade in white women, modern slavery, debt bondage, White slavery, slavery in Argentina, Caricom Reparations Commission, descent-based slavery.", "66 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 201 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a slavery, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "something that happens over time", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see. What is recognised is an instance of it, and which instances count is exactly what is argued about." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "hierodule", "Bacha bazi", "Jarya", "Ojiroku Obasa", "sexual slavery", "trade in white women", "modern slavery", "debt bondage", "White slavery", "slavery in Argentina", "Caricom Reparations Commission", "descent-based slavery" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 201 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 66 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one slavery from another, and a slavery from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a slavery, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a slavery, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a slavery is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a slavery, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a slavery, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a slavery is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a slavery sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a slavery, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a slavery, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a slavery is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a slavery from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a slavery, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a slavery, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a slavery is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a slavery passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a slavery between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a slavery, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a slavery, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a slavery is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a slavery, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a slavery is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a slavery, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a slavery, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a slavery is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "process-and-outcome", "name": "Process, inputs and outcome", "description": "How a slavery proceeds, what it needs and what it leaves behind.", "rationale": "An activity is known by its steps and its results, and both have to be recordable while it is still running.", "layers": [ { "id": "steps-and-sequence", "name": "Steps and sequence", "description": "The steps of a slavery, their order and what may run in parallel.", "findings": [ { "id": "steps-and-preconditions", "name": "Steps, preconditions and completion", "description": "What has to be true before each step of a slavery and what marks it done.", "questions": [ { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a step of a slavery, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a step of a slavery, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a step of a slavery is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-results", "name": "Inputs, resources and results", "description": "What a slavery consumes and what it produces.", "findings": [ { "id": "inputs-and-outputs", "name": "Inputs, outputs and side effects", "description": "The resources a slavery takes and the results it leaves, wanted or not.", "questions": [ { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the inputs and results of a slavery, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the inputs and results of a slavery, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the inputs and results of a slavery is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "definitions-in-contest", "name": "Definitions and who holds them", "description": "What slavery is taken to mean, and by whom.", "rationale": "When a field disagrees about a concept, the disagreement is the content. A model that picks one definition silently destroys the information.", "layers": [ { "id": "competing-definitions", "name": "Competing definitions", "description": "The main readings and the traditions behind them.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-map", "name": "Definitions and their holders", "description": "Each definition with the school or body that holds it.", "questions": [ { "id": "definition-map-q01", "text": "Which definitions of slavery are in use, and which tradition or body holds each?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "definition-map-q02", "text": "What turns on the difference between them in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "operationalisation", "name": "Operationalisation", "description": "How it is measured or applied when it has to be.", "findings": [ { "id": "operational-record", "name": "Measures and proxies", "description": "Instruments and indicators used to stand in for it.", "questions": [ { "id": "operational-record-q01", "text": "How is slavery operationalised or measured in practice, and by what instrument?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "operational-record-q02", "text": "What does that operationalisation leave out, and when does that matter?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "instances-and-use", "name": "Instances, use and consequence", "description": "What counts as an instance of slavery and what follows from calling something that.", "rationale": "Applying a concept is an act with consequences, so a model must say what the label licenses and what it does not.", "layers": [ { "id": "instances", "name": "What counts as an instance", "description": "Clear cases, borderline cases and non-cases.", "findings": [ { "id": "instance-tests", "name": "Tests for an instance", "description": "What would settle whether something falls under it.", "questions": [ { "id": "instance-tests-q01", "text": "What would settle whether something is an instance of slavery?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "instance-tests-q02", "text": "Which borderline cases are argued about, and on what grounds?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "consequence", "name": "Consequence of application", "description": "Rights, duties or decisions that follow from the label.", "findings": [ { "id": "consequence-record", "name": "What the label licenses", "description": "What an agent may do once something is classified this way.", "questions": [ { "id": "consequence-record-q01", "text": "What follows practically once something is treated as slavery?", "kind": "action" }, { "id": "consequence-record-q02", "text": "What must an agent not infer from the label alone?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a slavery came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a slavery and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a slavery, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a slavery, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a slavery is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a slavery is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a slavery, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a slavery, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a slavery is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 12, "findings": 14, "questions": 38 } } } }