{ "model": { "rank": 6087, "code": "thing-q859528", "model_id": "vr.tr.association-football-referee", "name": "association football referee", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise an association football referee, assess their eligibility and readiness for a particular appointment, and determine which officiating actions their role authorises.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Society, people and institutions", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "SOC", "domain": "SOC.PER", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q859528/", "tier": 2, "score": 62, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "FIFA referee", "soccer referee assist system" ], "aliasCount": 2, "merged": 2, "knownIn": 62, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q859528", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q859528", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-07T11:32:33Z", "providers": [ "Codex", "Grok" ], "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "usd": 0.02847976, "turns": 5, "seconds": 208.3, "error": null }, "codex": { "seconds": 75.6, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.3\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a07b9f-00a7-78d2-b6fc-4519b6fd82fb\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: association football referee\nRegistry id: vr.tr.association-football-referee\nPlane / domain: SOC / SOC.PER\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q859528", "registryId": "vr.tr.association-football-referee", "name": "association football referee", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "SOC.PER" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q859528/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.association-football-referee", "name": "association football referee", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise an association football referee, assess their eligibility and readiness for a particular appointment, and determine which officiating actions their role authorises.", "definition": "The match official appointed under Law 5 of the IFAB Laws of the Game who has full authority to control an association-football match, enforce those Laws from arrival at the venue until departure after the match, and whose decisions on facts connected with play are final.", "scope_statement": "This model owns a person's capacity and service as an association football referee, including qualification, appointment, match authority, operational readiness, decisions and accountability, with authority interpreted against the applicable competition rules.", "in_scope": [ "Referee qualifications, registration and eligibility for a specified competition and role", "Appointments, acceptance, availability and conflicts of interest", "Match-specific authority and coordination with other match officials", "Readiness to observe play, communicate decisions and complete the appointment", "Attributable officiating decisions, reports and subsequent review" ], "out_of_scope": [ "The person's general biography, identity administration and unrelated employment", "The match's complete event record, result and competition standings", "The authoritative content and revision history of football laws and competition regulations", "Players, teams and their independently maintained disciplinary records", "Other match officials as separate role holders and the technical operation of review systems", "Governing-body disciplinary proceedings and sanctions beyond the referee's own authority" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "The person is identified as holding or seeking the referee role in association football, rather than officiating a different football code.", "Evidence distinguishes qualification to referee from appointment as the referee for a particular match; either can exist without the other.", "For a match appointment, the assigned role distinguishes the referee from an assistant referee, fourth official or video match official, even when the same person performs those roles elsewhere.", "The role involves applying the applicable football laws to match incidents and managing play, rather than coaching a team or administering the competition.", "A referee's match decisions are distinguished from later decisions made by disciplinary panels, competition administrators or referee assessors." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Officiating jurisdiction", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Recognising or appointing football authority, competition and applicable rules edition", "why_it_matters": "Qualification and authority must be interpreted within the context that recognises them." }, { "name": "Qualification classification", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Authority-defined referee grade or qualification, with issuing authority and validity evidence", "why_it_matters": "Supports evaluation of whether the referee meets the requirements of a proposed appointment." }, { "name": "Eligibility status", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Eligible, conditionally eligible, ineligible or unverified for a specified role, competition and date", "why_it_matters": "Prevents treating a historical qualification as sufficient evidence of present eligibility." }, { "name": "Match appointment", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Match, appointing authority, assigned role, acceptance status and effective interval", "why_it_matters": "Connects the person to the particular officiating responsibility being assessed." }, { "name": "Conflict assessment", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Not assessed, declared, under review, cleared or disqualifying under the applicable policy", "why_it_matters": "Makes appointment suitability depend on documented relationships and the relevant decision." }, { "name": "Operational readiness", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Ready, ready with constraints, not ready or unverified for the appointment", "why_it_matters": "Separates permission to officiate from practical ability to complete the match." }, { "name": "Fitness assessment result", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Protocol-specific results and units, assessment date and applicable threshold", "why_it_matters": "Allows fitness evidence to be assessed without assuming one universal test or threshold." }, { "name": "Match authority phase", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Applicable rule-defined phase and associated powers, including any replacement or cessation", "why_it_matters": "Determines whether a proposed decision remains within the referee's authority." }, { "name": "Decision attribution", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Incident, referee decision, supporting official input and any subsequent revision", "why_it_matters": "Separates what the referee decided from advice received and later external review." }, { "name": "Reporting completion", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Not due, pending, submitted, correction requested or corrected against competition requirements", "why_it_matters": "Identifies responsibilities that remain after officiating on the field ends." } ], "affordances": [ "Evaluate a proposed referee appointment against evidenced qualification, eligibility, availability and conflict requirements.", "Record acceptance, withdrawal or replacement of a match appointment with its authorising source.", "Identify permitted officiating actions for the assigned role and current match authority phase.", "Record a referee decision with its incident context, observations, consultations and revisions.", "Flag readiness constraints and route them to the responsible appointing or match authority.", "Prepare attributable match reports and track assessment or development actions." ] }, "sources": [ { "id": "SRC-001", "title": "Laws of the Game (Law 5 The Referee; Law 6 The Other Match Officials)", "url": "https://www.theifab.com/laws", "what_it_supports": "Definition, match-official kinds, the referee's authority and finality of decisions, and the VAR protocol as part of the Laws.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "SRC-002", "title": "association football referee (Q859528)", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q859528", "what_it_supports": "Wikidata identifier for the occupation and its distinction from neighbouring officiating roles.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "SRC-003", "title": "Regulations on the Organisation of Refereeing in FIFA Member Associations", "url": "", "what_it_supports": "How national associations must licence, grade, appoint and oversee referees, including the FIFA International List." }, { "id": "SRC-004", "title": "ISCO-08: International Standard Classification of Occupations", "url": "", "what_it_supports": "Occupational coding of referees under unit group 3422 (Sports coaches, instructors and officials)." } ], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "recognition-and-eligibility", "name": "Recognition and eligibility", "description": "Evidence that the person is recognised to referee association football within a specified context.", "rationale": "A referee title alone does not establish current eligibility for a particular competition or appointment.", "layers": [ { "id": "qualification-context", "name": "Qualification context", "description": "The authority, classification and evidence behind the referee's recognised standing.", "findings": [ { "id": "recognised-referee-standing", "name": "Recognised referee standing", "description": "Record the referee qualification or recognition and the jurisdiction in which it has meaning.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which authority recognises this person as an association football referee, and under what classification?", "kind": "definition", "id": "recognised-referee-standing-q01" }, { "text": "What issuing record verifies that recognition and its validity period?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "recognised-referee-standing-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "appointment-eligibility", "name": "Appointment eligibility", "description": "Whether the referee satisfies the requirements for the proposed match role.", "findings": [ { "id": "contextual-eligibility", "name": "Contextual eligibility", "description": "Record an eligibility conclusion against explicit competition requirements, including unresolved conditions.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which qualification, registration and other prerequisites apply to this referee role in this competition?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "contextual-eligibility-q01" }, { "text": "What current evidence establishes compliance, restrictions or an unresolved eligibility check?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "contextual-eligibility-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "appointment-and-impartiality", "name": "Appointment and impartiality", "description": "The referee's assignment to a match and the circumstances affecting its acceptance.", "rationale": "The model must connect a qualified person to an authorised match role and expose reasons an appointment may need review.", "layers": [ { "id": "assignment-lifecycle", "name": "Assignment lifecycle", "description": "Appointment, acceptance, availability and changes of assigned referee.", "findings": [ { "id": "authorised-match-assignment", "name": "Authorised match assignment", "description": "Record who appointed the referee, the exact role assigned and whether the assignment remains effective.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which match and role were assigned, by whom, and has the referee accepted?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "authorised-match-assignment-q01" }, { "text": "Who may approve withdrawal or replacement, and what evidence records the resulting handover?", "kind": "action", "id": "authorised-match-assignment-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "conflict-review", "name": "Conflict review", "description": "Relevant affiliations, relationships and interests assessed under the appointment policy.", "findings": [ { "id": "appointment-conflicts", "name": "Appointment conflicts", "description": "Record declared or evidenced conflicts and their disposition without inferring bias from unsupported associations.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which relationships with the participating clubs, players or competition require disclosure under the applicable policy?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "appointment-conflicts-q01" }, { "text": "Who assessed the disclosed circumstances, and what appointment decision or condition followed?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "appointment-conflicts-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "match-authority-and-officials", "name": "Match authority and officials", "description": "The referee's powers during the appointment and the distribution of responsibilities across the officiating team.", "rationale": "An agent must distinguish the referee's authority from advisory inputs and from decisions reserved to other authorities.", "layers": [ { "id": "authority-boundaries", "name": "Authority boundaries", "description": "Applicable rules and temporal limits governing referee actions.", "findings": [ { "id": "phase-specific-powers", "name": "Phase-specific powers", "description": "Record the rules that govern the referee's available actions at the relevant stage of the match appointment.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which laws edition, authorised modifications and competition rules govern this appointment?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "phase-specific-powers-q01" }, { "text": "At the current phase, what may the referee decide, revise or report, and what requires another authority?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "phase-specific-powers-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "officiating-team-coordination", "name": "Officiating team coordination", "description": "Role allocation, consultation channels and supported review arrangements.", "findings": [ { "id": "official-input-and-responsibility", "name": "Official input and responsibility", "description": "Record the appointed supporting officials and distinguish their observations or advice from the referee's decisions.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which supporting officials and review systems are assigned and operational for this match?", "kind": "definition", "id": "official-input-and-responsibility-q01" }, { "text": "For the incident concerned, what consultation or review is permitted, and which role owns the resulting decision?", "kind": "action", "id": "official-input-and-responsibility-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "readiness-and-match-control", "name": "Readiness and match control", "description": "The referee's ability to observe play, communicate and respond to match conditions.", "rationale": "A valid appointment can still become impracticable because of fitness, equipment, communication or safety constraints.", "layers": [ { "id": "personal-and-equipment-readiness", "name": "Personal and equipment readiness", "description": "Appointment-relevant capacity and functioning officiating equipment.", "findings": [ { "id": "readiness-evidence", "name": "Readiness evidence", "description": "Record readiness checks and functional constraints relevant to officiating the assigned match.", "questions": [ { "text": "What required fitness evidence and match-day checks establish the referee's readiness for this appointment?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "readiness-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "Are timing, signalling, recording and any assigned communication tools usable, and what approved fallback applies if they fail?", "kind": "action", "id": "readiness-evidence-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "continuation-and-interruption", "name": "Continuation and interruption", "description": "Referee responses when match conditions or personal incapacity affect continued officiating.", "findings": [ { "id": "control-under-disruption", "name": "Control under disruption", "description": "Record the observed disruption, the referee's response and the conditions for continuation or handover.", "questions": [ { "text": "What observed condition affects the referee's ability to officiate or the match's ability to continue?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "control-under-disruption-q01" }, { "text": "Under the applicable rules, what response, notification or replacement procedure is available?", "kind": "action", "id": "control-under-disruption-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "decisions-reporting-and-review", "name": "Decisions, reporting and review", "description": "Attributable officiating actions and the evidence used to report and assess them.", "rationale": "The model needs to preserve what the referee decided while distinguishing later corrections, assessments and disciplinary outcomes.", "layers": [ { "id": "incident-decisions", "name": "Incident decisions", "description": "Decision context for play management, restarts and disciplinary actions.", "findings": [ { "id": "attributable-decision-record", "name": "Attributable decision record", "description": "Record the incident, available observations, decision and any permitted revision without manufacturing an unrecorded rationale.", "questions": [ { "text": "What did the referee decide about the incident, including any advantage, restart or disciplinary action?", "kind": "definition", "id": "attributable-decision-record-q01" }, { "text": "Which direct observations, official inputs or authorised review supported the decision and any revision?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "attributable-decision-record-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "reporting-and-assessment", "name": "Reporting and assessment", "description": "Required reports and contextualised review of officiating performance.", "findings": [ { "id": "reporting-obligations", "name": "Reporting obligations", "description": "Record required referee submissions, their status and attributable amendments.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which incidents and match details must this referee report, to whom and by what deadline?", "kind": "action", "id": "reporting-obligations-q01" }, { "text": "Which submission and amendment records establish what the referee formally reported?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "reporting-obligations-q02" } ] }, { "id": "contextualised-performance-review", "name": "Contextualised performance review", "description": "Record assessment findings with their method, evidence and development implications.", "questions": [ { "text": "Who assessed the referee, using which criteria and match evidence?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "contextualised-performance-review-q01" }, { "text": "What development or eligibility action follows from the assessment, and who is authorised to decide it?", "kind": "action", "id": "contextualised-performance-review-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Centre referee (the Law 5 match controller with the whistle)", "Assistant referee (flag official on each touchline)", "Fourth official (substitutions, technical-area control, extra-time display)", "Additional assistant referee (goal-line official, used in some competitions)", "Video assistant referee and assistant VAR (off-field review team)", "FIFA International List referee (eligible for international matches)", "Professional or elite domestic-league referee", "Grassroots, youth and amateur referee" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of association football referee this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "Wikidata", "value_or_pattern": "Q859528", "note": "Item for the occupation 'association football referee'." }, { "scheme": "ISCO-08", "value_or_pattern": "3422", "note": "Sports coaches, instructors and officials; referees sit in this unit group, not a football-specific code." }, { "scheme": "US SOC / O*NET", "value_or_pattern": "27-2023.00", "note": "Umpires, Referees, and Other Sports Officials; not sport-specific." }, { "scheme": "FIFA International List", "value_or_pattern": "named annual list plus a FIFA referee identifier", "note": "Separate men's and women's international lists published by FIFA; national licence numbers are issued by each member association." }, { "scheme": "National referee licence", "value_or_pattern": "association-specific ID (e.g. The FA Referee ID, USSF Referee ID)", "note": "The operational identity for appointments, grading and insurance; pattern is not globally standardised." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of association football referee this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "IFAB Laws of the Game, Law 5 (The Referee) and Law 6 (The Other Match Officials) - International Football Association Board", "IFAB Video Assistant Referee (VAR) protocol - International Football Association Board", "FIFA Regulations on the Organisation of Refereeing in FIFA Member Associations - FIFA", "FIFA Referee Fitness Tests (repeated-sprint and interval tests for international lists) - FIFA Refereeing", "UEFA Convention on Referee Education and Organisation - UEFA", "National association referee regulations (e.g. The FA Regulations for the Registration and Control of Referees; USSF referee policies)" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of association football referee this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Appointed by a competition organiser (club league, national cup, UEFA, FIFA) to a named match and walks out with the teams.", "Controls play with a whistle, yellow and red cards, and at elite level a radio headset to assistants and the VAR team.", "Acts as timekeeper, signals extra time via the fourth official's board, and restarts play after stoppages.", "Files an official match report of goals, substitutions, cautions, send-offs and incidents, which feeds disciplinary bodies.", "Licensed, fitness-tested and assessed by a national association; promotion and further appointments depend on those assessments." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of association football referee this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "distance covered by an elite centre referee in a match", "typical_range": "9-13", "unit": "km" }, { "quantity": "mean heart rate during an elite match", "typical_range": "150-180", "unit": "bpm" }, { "quantity": "FIFA men's repeated-sprint test (6 x 40 m)", "typical_range": "each split at most 6.00", "unit": "s" }, { "quantity": "age of FIFA-listed international referees", "typical_range": "25-45", "unit": "year" }, { "quantity": "on-field match officials on a standard eleven-a-side appointment without VAR", "typical_range": "4", "unit": "person" }, { "quantity": "yellow cards issued in a top-flight match", "typical_range": "2-6", "unit": "card" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of association football referee this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Material error of fact (wrong penalty, missed offside, mistaken identity) that changes the result.", "Loss of control of players or the technical area, including failure to manage dissent or violent conduct.", "Inability to keep up with play through fitness failure, hamstring or other injury, or collision with a player.", "Corruption, match-fixing, or actual or perceived bias.", "Verbal abuse, intimidation or physical assault of the official by players, staff or spectators.", "VAR protocol or communication failure (review not called, wrong reviewable category, headset outage).", "Timekeeping or restart error, including incorrect extra time or an illegal restart." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of association football referee this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "United States and some other countries call the role a soccer referee and grade it through USSF (Grassroots through National); Britain and Ireland say football referee or 'ref' and licence through The FA, SFA, FAI or IFA.", "Spanish-, Portuguese- and Italian-speaking associations use árbitro / arbitro; disciplinary style and typical card rates differ by league even under the same Laws.", "VAR is standard in most top-tier confederations and leagues but still absent from many lower divisions and some national associations; additional assistant referees were mainly a UEFA practice and have largely been displaced by VAR and goal-line technology.", "FIFA publishes separate men's and women's International Lists; some associations still run distinct pathways and pay scales for the women's game." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of association football referee this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "name": "assistant referee", "difference": "A Law 6 flag official who advises on offside and ball-out-of-play; the Law 5 referee keeps the whistle and the final decision." }, { "name": "video assistant referee", "difference": "An off-field review official under the IFAB VAR protocol; does not control the match on the pitch and may intervene only in defined reviewable incidents." }, { "name": "fourth official", "difference": "Manages substitutions, the technical area and the extra-time board; does not take in-play decisions unless replacing the referee." }, { "name": "futsal referee", "difference": "Officiates under the IFAB Futsal Laws with two equal on-court referees, not the eleven-a-side Laws of the Game." }, { "name": "rugby union referee", "difference": "Enforces World Rugby Laws, not IFAB; a yellow card is a temporary suspension (sin-bin), and advantage and offside are defined differently." }, { "name": "American football official", "difference": "Works a multi-position crew (referee, umpire, linesman and others) under NFL or NCAA rules, not IFAB." }, { "name": "match commissioner or referee observer", "difference": "Administers or assesses the match and the officials; has no authority over decisions in play." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of association football referee this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Does the registry intend this entry to include assistant referees and video match officials as referee capacities, or only the person appointed as the match referee?", "Which football authorities and competition levels must the initial model support, and how do their qualification and eligibility requirements differ?", "What exact authority periods, decision-revision limits and replacement procedures apply under the rules editions selected for implementation?", "Which appointment contexts use formal qualifications and fitness assessments, and what evidence is appropriate where those systems are absent?", "Which referee assessment measures are sufficiently defined and comparable to support state judgments across competitions?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 19, "questions": 30 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "occupation or role", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a association football referee, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an AI agent to recognise an association football referee, assess their eligibility and readiness for a particular appointment, and determine which officiating actions their role authorises.", "characteristics": { "substance": "social", "origin": "natural", "agency": "autonomous", "mobility": "self-moving" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: FIFA referee, soccer referee assist system.", "2 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 62 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a association football referee, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "a social arrangement between people", "physicalCharacter": [ "Moves under its own power or of its own accord.", "Acts on its own behalf.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Not recognisable by appearance, and guessing from dress or setting is how an agent gets this wrong. Recognised by qualification, licence or engagement." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "FIFA referee", "soccer referee assist system" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 62 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 2 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one association football referee from another, and a association football referee from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a association football referee, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a association football referee, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a association football referee is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a association football referee, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a association football referee, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a association football referee is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a association football referee sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a association football referee, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a association football referee, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a association football referee is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a association football referee from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a association football referee, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a association football referee, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a association football referee is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a association football referee is, how it got there and where it may go (self-moving).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a association football referee is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a association football referee, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a association football referee, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a association football referee is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a association football referee moves on its own.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a association football referee, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a association football referee, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a association football referee is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a association football referee passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a association football referee between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a association football referee, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a association football referee, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a association football referee is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a association football referee, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a association football referee is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a association football referee, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a association football referee, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a association football referee is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "people-and-responsibility", "name": "People, roles and responsibility", "description": "Who stands in what relation to a association football referee.", "rationale": "Social things are defined by the relations people hold to them, and those relations change without the thing changing.", "layers": [ { "id": "roles-and-parties", "name": "Roles and parties", "description": "The roles that exist around a association football referee and who fills them.", "findings": [ { "id": "role-assignments", "name": "Role assignments and their validity", "description": "Who holds which role over a association football referee, from when, and on whose authority.", "questions": [ { "id": "role-assignments-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a role over a association football referee, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "role-assignments-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a role over a association football referee, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "role-assignments-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a role over a association football referee is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "ownership-and-accountability", "name": "Ownership and accountability", "description": "Who answers for a association football referee and who may decide about it.", "findings": [ { "id": "accountability", "name": "Accountability and decision rights", "description": "Where responsibility for a association football referee sits when something goes wrong.", "questions": [ { "id": "accountability-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes responsibility for a association football referee, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "accountability-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about responsibility for a association football referee, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "accountability-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once responsibility for a association football referee is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "competence-and-licence", "name": "Competence, qualification and licence", "description": "What someone must be able to do, and be permitted to do, as association football referee.", "rationale": "The permission is jurisdictional and the competence is not, and conflating them is how an agent concludes someone may practise when they may not.", "layers": [ { "id": "competences", "name": "Competences and qualifications", "description": "Skills and credentials the role assumes.", "findings": [ { "id": "qualification-record", "name": "Qualifications and how they are evidenced", "description": "What counts as qualified, and what proves it.", "questions": [ { "id": "qualification-record-q01", "text": "What competences and qualifications does association football referee require, and how is each evidenced?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "qualification-record-q02", "text": "Which qualifications transfer between jurisdictions and which do not?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "licensing", "name": "Licensing and the right to practise", "description": "Who grants permission, where it holds, and when it lapses.", "findings": [ { "id": "licence-record", "name": "Licence, issuer and validity", "description": "The permission, its issuer, its territory and its expiry.", "questions": [ { "id": "licence-record-q01", "text": "Who licenses association football referee, in which territory, and for how long?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "licence-record-q02", "text": "What may an unlicensed person not do, and what must an agent refuse to assume?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "tasks-and-accountability", "name": "Tasks, employment and accountability", "description": "What association football referee actually does and who answers for it.", "rationale": "A role is filled by people under an arrangement, and the arrangement decides liability, supervision and who may instruct whom.", "layers": [ { "id": "tasks", "name": "Tasks and typical duties", "description": "The work itself, and how it differs by setting.", "findings": [ { "id": "duty-record", "name": "Duties and setting", "description": "What the role does and where the work varies.", "questions": [ { "id": "duty-record-q01", "text": "What tasks define association football referee, and how do they differ between settings or seniority?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "duty-record-q02", "text": "Which tasks may only be done by this role, and which are shared with neighbouring roles?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "accountability", "name": "Employment and accountability", "description": "The relation under which the work is done and where responsibility sits.", "findings": [ { "id": "responsibility", "name": "Responsibility and supervision", "description": "Who instructs, who supervises, who is liable.", "questions": [ { "id": "responsibility-q01", "text": "Under what arrangement does someone act as association football referee, and who supervises or is liable?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "responsibility-q02", "text": "When something goes wrong, what does the model need to have recorded to answer who was responsible?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a association football referee came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a association football referee and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a association football referee, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a association football referee, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a association football referee is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a association football referee is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a association football referee, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a association football referee, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a association football referee is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 7, "layers": 14, "findings": 16, "questions": 44 } } } }