{ "model": { "rank": 17352, "code": "thing-q860554", "model_id": "vr.tr.performance-indicator", "name": "performance indicator", "purpose": "Let an agent help define, select and interpret performance indicators, avoid common pitfalls, and present indicator data clearly.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Cross-cutting context", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "XCT", "domain": "XCT.QTY", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q860554/", "tier": 2, "score": 31, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "triple exponential moving average", "Left Behind Index" ], "aliasCount": 2, "merged": 2, "knownIn": 31, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q860554", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-11T20:44:32Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 2, "engine": "claude" }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q860554", "registryId": "vr.tr.performance-indicator", "name": "performance indicator", "version": "0.2.0-wave.2", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "XCT.QTY" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q860554/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.performance-indicator", "name": "performance indicator", "purpose": "Let an agent help define, select and interpret performance indicators, avoid common pitfalls, and present indicator data clearly.", "definition": "A measurable value used to assess how effectively an organisation, process, project or individual achieves objectives, such as key performance indicators in business, service level metrics, financial ratios and technical indicators; performance indicators are chosen to reflect goals, tracked over time and can distort behaviour if poorly designed.", "what_it_is_for": "Measuring and managing performance.", "affordances": [ "define indicators aligned to goals", "select and validate indicators", "interpret indicator data", "avoid gaming and distortion" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Linked to objectives", "Measurable", "Tracked", "Behaviour-shaping" ], "appearance": "Not physical; numbers on dashboards and reports.", "visual_identification": [ "Measured against objectives", "Tracked over time", "Raw data without a target or purpose is not an indicator" ], "physical_properties": [], "families_and_kinds": [ "key performance indicators", "financial indicators and ratios", "operational and service indicators", "technical indicators such as frame rate", "social and policy indicators" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "performance metric", "why": "category" }, { "relation": "includes", "target": "frame rate", "why": "technical indicator" }, { "relation": "is related to", "target": "quantity", "why": "measured quantities" }, { "relation": "is related to", "target": "planning", "why": "target setting" } ], "identifiers": [], "standards_and_regulation": [ "Reporting standards for financial and sustainability indicators", "Public sector performance frameworks" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Gaming and perverse incentives", "Measuring what is easy rather than what matters", "Misinterpreting noise as change" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "define", "name": "Define", "description": "Choosing indicators.", "rationale": "Goals first.", "layers": [ { "id": "align", "name": "Align", "description": "Aligning to goals.", "findings": [ { "id": "align-finding", "name": "Align", "description": "Alignment.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which indicators would show whether this objective is being achieved?", "kind": "action" }, { "text": "Are they measurable, timely and within control?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "specify", "name": "Specify", "description": "Specifying an indicator.", "findings": [ { "id": "specify-finding", "name": "Specify", "description": "Specification.", "questions": [ { "text": "How should this indicator be defined, including formula, data source, frequency and target?", "kind": "action" }, { "text": "Who owns it?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "interpret", "name": "Interpret", "description": "Reading indicators.", "rationale": "Context and noise.", "layers": [ { "id": "trend", "name": "Trend", "description": "Trends and variation.", "findings": [ { "id": "trend-finding", "name": "Trend", "description": "Trends.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is this change in the indicator significant, or within normal variation?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "text": "What context explains it?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "compare", "name": "Compare", "description": "Benchmarking.", "findings": [ { "id": "compare-finding", "name": "Compare", "description": "Benchmarking.", "questions": [ { "text": "How does this indicator compare with benchmarks or peers, and are the comparisons fair?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "text": "Which sources provide benchmarks?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "pitfalls", "name": "Pitfalls", "description": "Avoiding distortion.", "rationale": "Indicators shape behaviour.", "layers": [ { "id": "gaming", "name": "Gaming", "description": "Perverse incentives.", "findings": [ { "id": "gaming-finding", "name": "Gaming", "description": "Gaming.", "questions": [ { "text": "Could this indicator be gamed or cause perverse behaviour?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "text": "How can it be balanced with other measures?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "limits", "name": "Limits", "description": "What indicators miss.", "findings": [ { "id": "limits-finding", "name": "Limits", "description": "Limits.", "questions": [ { "text": "What important aspects does this indicator set fail to capture?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "text": "Which qualitative evidence should accompany it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "report", "name": "Report", "description": "Presenting indicators.", "rationale": "Clarity.", "layers": [ { "id": "dashboard", "name": "Dashboard", "description": "Dashboards and reports.", "findings": [ { "id": "dashboard-finding", "name": "Dashboard", "description": "Reporting.", "questions": [ { "text": "How should these indicators be presented for the audience?", "kind": "action" }, { "text": "Which visualisations suit them?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "standards", "name": "Standards", "description": "Reporting standards.", "findings": [ { "id": "standards-finding", "name": "Standards", "description": "Standards.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which reporting standards define these indicators, such as financial or sustainability frameworks?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "How are definitions kept consistent?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should KPI frameworks be a separate entry?", "How should indicator libraries be linked?", "How should reporting standards be linked?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "unit, quantity or measure", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a performance indicator, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Let an agent help define, select and interpret performance indicators, avoid common pitfalls, and present indicator data clearly.", "characteristics": { "substance": "abstract", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: triple exponential moving average, Left Behind Index.", "2 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 31 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a performance indicator, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "an abstraction with no physical instance", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see: a unit is a convention. What is seen is an instrument reading in it." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "triple exponential moving average", "Left Behind Index" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 31 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 2 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one performance indicator from another, and a performance indicator from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a performance indicator, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a performance indicator, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a performance indicator is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a performance indicator, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a performance indicator, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a performance indicator is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a performance indicator sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a performance indicator, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a performance indicator, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a performance indicator is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a performance indicator from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a performance indicator, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a performance indicator, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a performance indicator is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a performance indicator passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a performance indicator between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a performance indicator, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a performance indicator, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a performance indicator is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a performance indicator, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a performance indicator is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a performance indicator, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a performance indicator, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a performance indicator is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "definition-and-realisation", "name": "Definition, dimension and realisation", "description": "What performance indicator is defined as and how it is realised in practice.", "rationale": "A unit is not the quantity it measures, and its definition has a history that older data still depends on.", "layers": [ { "id": "definition", "name": "Definition and dimension", "description": "The defining relation and the quantity it measures.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-record", "name": "Definition, body and date", "description": "What defines it now, and what defined it before.", "questions": [ { "id": "definition-record-q01", "text": "How is performance indicator defined, by which body, and since when?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "definition-record-q02", "text": "What was the previous definition, and what data still depends on it?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "conversion", "name": "Conversion and compatibility", "description": "Relations to other units, exact or approximate.", "findings": [ { "id": "conversion-record", "name": "Conversions and their exactness", "description": "Factors, and whether each is exact by definition.", "questions": [ { "id": "conversion-record-q01", "text": "What conversions relate performance indicator to other units, and which are exact by definition?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "conversion-record-q02", "text": "Where does rounding a conversion change a decision, and how should that be recorded?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a performance indicator came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a performance indicator and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a performance indicator, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a performance indicator, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a performance indicator is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a performance indicator is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a performance indicator, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a performance indicator, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a performance indicator is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 10, "questions": 28 } } } }