{ "model": { "rank": 13544, "code": "thing-q860641", "model_id": "vr.tr.gold-coin", "name": "gold coin", "purpose": "Let an agent identify gold coins by issuer, type, weight and fineness, relay bullion and numismatic reference information, explain how value is assessed, and route buying, selling and investment decisions to licensed dealers and advisers.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.OBJ", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q860641/", "tier": 2, "score": 37, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "Big Maple Leaf", "gold coin of the Japanese yen", "quarter eagle", "three-dollar piece", "half eagle", "double eagle", "gold coin of the United States dollar", "half-union", "Stella", "Canadian Gold Maple Leaf", "fanam", "commemorative gold coin", "Louisiana Purchase Exposition dollar", "Jamestown 400th Anniversary gold five dollar coin", "Mosi-oa-Tunya", "Shu", "goryōban", "collectible gold coin", "florin of the Apostolic Chamber", "nomisma", "Half sovereign", "hyperpyron", "100 Ruble \"History of Monetary Circulation of Russia\" commemorative coin (2009)", "Persian daric", "Tremissis", "sultani", "zlatnik", "Ichibuban", "Unite", "Ōban", "Gold Ashrafi", "Mancus", "florin", "augustalis", "20 Francs Marianne", "demy", "gold penny", "Dobla", "Rose Ryal", "Spur ryal" ], "aliasCount": 65, "merged": 66, "knownIn": 37, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q860641", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860641", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-12T21:24:54Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 3, "engine": "claude" }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q860641", "registryId": "vr.tr.gold-coin", "name": "gold coin", "version": "0.2.0-wave.3", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.OBJ" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q860641/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.gold-coin", "name": "gold coin", "purpose": "Let an agent identify gold coins by issuer, type, weight and fineness, relay bullion and numismatic reference information, explain how value is assessed, and route buying, selling and investment decisions to licensed dealers and advisers.", "definition": "A coin made mainly of gold, historically issued as circulating money such as the sovereign, the double eagle and the ducat, and today issued mainly as bullion coins such as the Krugerrand, Maple Leaf and American Eagle or as commemorative pieces; gold coins are valued by weight and fineness, by numismatic rarity and condition, and are traded under precious metal and tax rules.", "what_it_is_for": "Historically money; today bullion, collecting and commemoration.", "affordances": [ "identify coins by issuer and type", "explain weight, fineness and value assessment", "relay bullion and numismatic references", "route transactions and investment questions to professionals" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Gold content defines base value", "Legal tender face value often nominal", "Numismatic premium for rarity", "Subject to precious metal and tax rules" ], "appearance": "A yellow metal coin with a design, denomination and often weight and fineness marks.", "visual_identification": [ "Gold content stated by weight and fineness", "Historical circulating coins versus modern bullion", "Gold-plated tokens and medals are not gold coins" ], "physical_properties": [ { "quantity": "bullion coin weight", "typical_range": "1 troy ounce", "unit": "weight", "note": "common; fractions exist" }, { "quantity": "fineness", "typical_range": "0.900-0.9999", "unit": "ratio", "note": "by coin" }, { "quantity": "troy ounce", "typical_range": "31.1035", "unit": "g", "note": "" } ], "families_and_kinds": [ "historical circulating gold coins", "modern bullion coins", "commemorative gold coins", "large format coins such as the Big Maple Leaf", "gold coins by country and denomination" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "coin", "why": "a coin by metal" }, { "relation": "is made of", "target": "gold", "why": "the metal" }, { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "bullion", "why": "in the investment sense" }, { "relation": "is studied by", "target": "numismatics", "why": "the discipline" } ], "identifiers": [ { "scheme": "catalogue number", "value_or_pattern": "such as KM numbers", "note": "numismatic catalogues" }, { "scheme": "weight and fineness marks", "value_or_pattern": "on the coin", "note": "" } ], "standards_and_regulation": [ "Legal tender and mint acts of issuing states", "Tax treatment of investment gold, such as VAT exemption in the EU", "Anti-money laundering rules for precious metal dealers", "Hallmarking and fineness standards" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Counterfeits and tungsten-filled fakes", "Overpaying for numismatic premiums", "Theft and storage risk", "Agents giving investment advice" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identify", "name": "Identify", "description": "Which coin.", "rationale": "Identity.", "layers": [ { "id": "type", "name": "Type", "description": "Issuer and type.", "findings": [ { "id": "type-finding", "name": "Type", "description": "Type.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which gold coin is it, who issued it, and what are its weight and fineness?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Is the user asking whether to buy or sell, which needs a licensed dealer or adviser?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "authenticity", "name": "Authenticity", "description": "Authenticity.", "findings": [ { "id": "authenticity-finding", "name": "Authenticity", "description": "Authenticity.", "questions": [ { "text": "How is a gold coin authenticated, and what fakes are known?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits coin authentication?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "value", "name": "Value", "description": "Value assessment.", "rationale": "Numbers.", "layers": [ { "id": "bullion", "name": "Bullion", "description": "Metal value.", "findings": [ { "id": "bullion-finding", "name": "Bullion", "description": "Bullion.", "questions": [ { "text": "How is the metal value computed from weight, fineness and the gold price?", "kind": "action" }, { "text": "Which sources give the gold price?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "numismatic", "name": "Numismatic", "description": "Collector value.", "findings": [ { "id": "numismatic-finding", "name": "Numismatic", "description": "Numismatic.", "questions": [ { "text": "How do rarity, condition and grading affect value, with references?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits coin grading?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "rules", "name": "Rules", "description": "Regulation and trade.", "rationale": "Regulation.", "layers": [ { "id": "tax", "name": "Tax", "description": "Tax and legal tender.", "findings": [ { "id": "tax-finding", "name": "Tax", "description": "Tax.", "questions": [ { "text": "How are gold coins treated for tax and legal tender in a given country, in general terms?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Is the user asking for tax advice, which needs a professional?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "dealers", "name": "Dealers", "description": "Dealers and storage.", "findings": [ { "id": "dealers-finding", "name": "Dealers", "description": "Dealers.", "questions": [ { "text": "What rules apply to dealers, and what storage options exist?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits precious metal dealing?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "history", "name": "History", "description": "History and collecting.", "rationale": "Context.", "layers": [ { "id": "history", "name": "History", "description": "History.", "findings": [ { "id": "history-finding", "name": "History", "description": "History.", "questions": [ { "text": "How did gold coinage develop from ancient staters to the gold standard and bullion coins?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which references are standard?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "collecting", "name": "Collecting", "description": "Collecting.", "findings": [ { "id": "collecting-finding", "name": "Collecting", "description": "Collecting.", "questions": [ { "text": "How is gold coin collecting organised, and which catalogues are standard?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits numismatics?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should bullion coins be a separate entry?", "How should numismatic catalogues be linked?", "The registry entry has merged aliases naming specific coins; should they be split off?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "device, machine or tool", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a gold coin, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Let an agent identify gold coins by issuer, type, weight and fineness, relay bullion and numismatic reference information, explain how value is assessed, and route buying, selling and investment decisions to licensed dealers and advisers.", "characteristics": { "substance": "material", "origin": "manufactured", "agency": "inert", "mobility": "varies" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: Big Maple Leaf, gold coin of the Japanese yen, quarter eagle, three-dollar piece, half eagle, double eagle, gold coin of the United States dollar, half-union, Stella, Canadian Gold Maple Leaf, fanam, commemorative gold coin.", "66 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 37 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a gold coin, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "matter you can touch", "physicalCharacter": [ "Mobility varies between examples.", "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Recognised by form, by the arrangement of its controls, and by markings - a plate, a model number, a certification mark. Form alone rarely separates two models that do very different things." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "Big Maple Leaf", "gold coin of the Japanese yen", "quarter eagle", "three-dollar piece", "half eagle", "double eagle", "gold coin of the United States dollar", "half-union", "Stella", "Canadian Gold Maple Leaf", "fanam", "commemorative gold coin" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 37 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 66 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one gold coin from another, and a gold coin from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a gold coin, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a gold coin, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a gold coin is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a gold coin, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a gold coin, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a gold coin is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a gold coin sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a gold coin, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a gold coin, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a gold coin is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a gold coin from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a gold coin, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a gold coin, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a gold coin is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a gold coin is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a gold coin, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a gold coin, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a gold coin is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Materials, parts and how they are put together.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and materials", "description": "What a gold coin is built from and which parts are replaceable.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a gold coin, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a gold coin, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a gold coin is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a gold coin is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a gold coin, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a gold coin, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a gold coin is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a gold coin is, how it got there and where it may go (varies).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a gold coin is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a gold coin, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a gold coin, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a gold coin is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a gold coin is carried, installed or relocated.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a gold coin, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a gold coin, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a gold coin is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a gold coin passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a gold coin between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a gold coin, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a gold coin, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a gold coin is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a gold coin, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a gold coin is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a gold coin, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a gold coin, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a gold coin is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "function-and-principle", "name": "Function and operating principle", "description": "What gold coin is for and how it achieves it.", "rationale": "Two devices with the same name can work on different principles, and the principle is what predicts failure and constrains use.", "layers": [ { "id": "intended-function", "name": "Intended function", "description": "The job it does, and the jobs it is used for anyway.", "findings": [ { "id": "function-record", "name": "Function, principle and variants", "description": "What it does, how, and which variants do it differently.", "questions": [ { "id": "function-record-q01", "text": "What function does gold coin perform, on what operating principle, and which variants differ in that principle?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "function-record-q02", "text": "What use falls outside the intended function but happens in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "capacity-and-rating", "name": "Capacity and rating", "description": "The numbers that say what it can do and where it stops.", "findings": [ { "id": "ratings", "name": "Ratings and their conditions", "description": "Rated capacity, power, throughput and the conditions each assumes.", "questions": [ { "id": "ratings-q01", "text": "What ratings characterise gold coin, in what units, and under what stated conditions?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "ratings-q02", "text": "What happens beyond the rating - degradation, refusal, damage - and how is that detected?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "operation-and-state", "name": "Operation, controls and state", "description": "How gold coin is operated and what state it is in right now.", "rationale": "An agent acting on a device needs its current state and the controls that change it, not just its specification.", "layers": [ { "id": "controls-and-modes", "name": "Controls and modes", "description": "What can be set, what that changes, and what is interlocked.", "findings": [ { "id": "control-surface", "name": "Control surface and interlocks", "description": "The settings available and the conditions that block them.", "questions": [ { "id": "control-surface-q01", "text": "What controls and modes does gold coin have, and what does each change?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "control-surface-q02", "text": "Which actions are interlocked or forbidden in which state, and what must be true before acting?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-maintenance", "name": "Condition and maintenance", "description": "Wear, service intervals, consumables and the line between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "service-record", "name": "Condition, service and consumables", "description": "What is consumed, what is serviced, and how condition is judged.", "questions": [ { "id": "service-record-q01", "text": "What consumables and service does gold coin need, at what interval, and on whose authority?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "service-record-q02", "text": "What evidence separates a unit that is working from one that is out of service?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "kind-model-unit", "name": "Kind, model and unit", "description": "Whether a claim about gold coin is about the kind, a product line, or one physical unit.", "rationale": "This is the boundary most often got wrong for made things, and getting it wrong mixes a catalogue entry with the machine in the yard.", "layers": [ { "id": "level-of-reference", "name": "Level of reference", "description": "The three levels and what belongs at each.", "findings": [ { "id": "level-rules", "name": "What belongs to kind, model and unit", "description": "Which properties are shared by all of them and which are not.", "questions": [ { "id": "level-rules-q01", "text": "Which facts about gold coin hold for every one of them, which for a model, and which only for one unit?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "level-rules-q02", "text": "What identifies an individual unit, and what should an agent do when it has only the kind?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "standards-and-conformity", "name": "Standards and conformity", "description": "The standards a working example must meet and who attests it.", "findings": [ { "id": "conformity", "name": "Standards, marks and attestation", "description": "Which standard applies, who certifies, and what the mark means.", "questions": [ { "id": "conformity-q01", "text": "Which standards govern gold coin, issued by whom, and what does conformity actually assert?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "conformity-q02", "text": "What may an agent conclude from a certification mark, and what may it not?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a gold coin came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a gold coin and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a gold coin, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a gold coin, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a gold coin is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a gold coin is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a gold coin, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a gold coin, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a gold coin is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 8, "layers": 17, "findings": 19, "questions": 51 } } } }