{ "model": { "rank": 1142, "code": "thing-q8752", "model_id": "vr.tr.basque", "name": "Basque", "purpose": "Let an agent describe Basque as a language with its dialects, standard form, legal status and history, relay codes and speaker figures from linguistic and official sources, present its origin and political questions with attribution, and route learning and translation questions to resources.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Information and virtual systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "INF", "domain": "INF.MED", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q8752/", "tier": 2, "score": 177, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "Basque language in Francoist Spain", "Erromintxela", "ancient Basque", "Basque dialects", "Navarro-Labourdin", "Basque in the Catalan Pyrenees", "Standard Basque", "Souletin", "Algonquian–Basque pidgin", "Eastern Navarrese", "Alavese Basque", "Roncalese", "Salazarese", "Biscayan", "Basque-Icelandic pidgin", "Gipuzkoan", "Vasconic-Aquitanian", "Labourdin" ], "aliasCount": 18, "merged": 18, "knownIn": 177, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q8752", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8752", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-12T21:10:47Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 3, "engine": "claude" }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q8752", "registryId": "vr.tr.basque", "name": "Basque", "version": "0.2.0-wave.3", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "INF.MED" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q8752/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.basque", "name": "Basque", "purpose": "Let an agent describe Basque as a language with its dialects, standard form, legal status and history, relay codes and speaker figures from linguistic and official sources, present its origin and political questions with attribution, and route learning and translation questions to resources.", "definition": "A language isolate spoken in the Basque Country of northern Spain and south-western France by several hundred thousand people, unrelated to any other known language and predating the Indo-European languages of Europe; standardised as Batua in the twentieth century alongside several dialects, co-official in the Basque Autonomous Community and parts of Navarre, and the object of revitalisation after suppression under the Franco regime.", "what_it_is_for": "Communication and identity in the Basque Country.", "affordances": [ "explain the language and its dialects", "relay codes, status and speaker figures", "present origin hypotheses and history with attribution", "find learning and translation resources" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Language isolate", "Ergative-absolutive alignment", "Standard form Batua since 1968", "Co-official status and revitalisation" ], "appearance": "Written in Latin script with letters such as tx, tz and x; distinctive ergative grammar and vocabulary unlike neighbouring languages.", "visual_identification": [ "Language isolate with ergative grammar", "Standard Batua and dialects", "Spanish and French are the neighbouring, unrelated languages" ], "physical_properties": [ { "quantity": "speakers", "typical_range": "about 750000", "unit": "people", "note": "estimates vary; more with passive knowledge" }, { "quantity": "main dialects", "typical_range": "5 or 6", "unit": "dialects", "note": "by classification" } ], "families_and_kinds": [ "Standard Basque or Batua", "Western, Central, Navarrese, Navarro-Lapurdian and Souletin dialects", "historical stages such as Aquitanian and old Basque", "Basque-influenced mixed languages such as Erromintxela", "Basque in the diaspora" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "language isolate", "why": "no demonstrated relatives" }, { "relation": "is spoken in", "target": "Basque Country", "why": "the region" }, { "relation": "is regulated by", "target": "Euskaltzaindia", "why": "the Royal Academy of the Basque Language" }, { "relation": "is related to", "target": "Basque people", "why": "the community" } ], "identifiers": [ { "scheme": "ISO 639-1", "value_or_pattern": "eu", "note": "" }, { "scheme": "ISO 639-3", "value_or_pattern": "eus", "note": "" }, { "scheme": "Glottolog", "value_or_pattern": "basq1248", "note": "" } ], "standards_and_regulation": [ "Statute of Autonomy of the Basque Country and Navarre language laws on co-official status", "Euskaltzaindia standards for Batua", "European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Claims of relationship to other languages presented as fact", "Language shift outside the core area", "Political questions about the Basque Country presented as settled" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identify", "name": "Identify", "description": "What Basque is.", "rationale": "Identity.", "layers": [ { "id": "language", "name": "Language", "description": "Language and codes.", "findings": [ { "id": "language-finding", "name": "Language", "description": "Language.", "questions": [ { "text": "What is Basque, what are its codes, and what makes it a language isolate?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Is the question about the language, the people or the region?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "dialects", "name": "Dialects", "description": "Dialects and standard.", "findings": [ { "id": "dialects-finding", "name": "Dialects", "description": "Dialects.", "questions": [ { "text": "What dialects exist, and how does Batua relate to them?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Which entry fits a specific dialect?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "status", "name": "Status", "description": "Status and vitality.", "rationale": "Policy.", "layers": [ { "id": "legal", "name": "Legal", "description": "Legal status.", "findings": [ { "id": "legal-finding", "name": "Legal", "description": "Legal.", "questions": [ { "text": "What legal status does Basque have in Spain and France, and what policies support it?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits language policy?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "speakers", "name": "Speakers", "description": "Speakers and trends.", "findings": [ { "id": "speakers-finding", "name": "Speakers", "description": "Speakers.", "questions": [ { "text": "How many people speak Basque, and how is that changing, from surveys?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "text": "Which sources are cited?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "history", "name": "History", "description": "Origins and history.", "rationale": "Attribution.", "layers": [ { "id": "origins", "name": "Origins", "description": "Origin hypotheses.", "findings": [ { "id": "origins-finding", "name": "Origins", "description": "Origins.", "questions": [ { "text": "What is known and hypothesised about the origins of Basque, with positions attributed?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Is the presentation clear about what is unproven?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "modern", "name": "Modern", "description": "Suppression and revival.", "findings": [ { "id": "modern-finding", "name": "Modern", "description": "Modern.", "questions": [ { "text": "How was Basque treated under the Franco regime, and how has it been revived since?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which references are standard?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "use", "name": "Use", "description": "Learning and culture.", "rationale": "Practice.", "layers": [ { "id": "learning", "name": "Learning", "description": "Learning resources.", "findings": [ { "id": "learning-finding", "name": "Learning", "description": "Learning.", "questions": [ { "text": "How can Basque be learned, and which dictionaries and courses exist?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits language learning?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "culture", "name": "Culture", "description": "Literature and media.", "findings": [ { "id": "culture-finding", "name": "Culture", "description": "Culture.", "questions": [ { "text": "What literature, media and education exist in Basque?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits Basque literature?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should each dialect be a separate entry?", "How should speaker surveys be linked?", "The registry entry has merged aliases for historical stages, dialects and a mixed language; should they be split off?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "work, medium or creative form", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a Basque, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Let an agent describe Basque as a language with its dialects, standard form, legal status and history, relay codes and speaker figures from linguistic and official sources, present its origin and political questions with attribution, and route learning and translation questions to resources.", "characteristics": { "substance": "information", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "read and interpreted", "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: Basque language in Francoist Spain, Erromintxela, ancient Basque, Basque dialects, Navarro-Labourdin, Basque in the Catalan Pyrenees, Standard Basque, Souletin, Algonquian–Basque pidgin, Eastern Navarrese, Alavese Basque, Roncalese.", "18 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 177 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a Basque, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "content that has to be carried by something else", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "read it and act on what it says", "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "What is seen is a copy or a performance, not the work. Recognising the work means recognising the content through whatever is carrying it." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "Basque language in Francoist Spain", "Erromintxela", "ancient Basque", "Basque dialects", "Navarro-Labourdin", "Basque in the Catalan Pyrenees", "Standard Basque", "Souletin", "Algonquian–Basque pidgin", "Eastern Navarrese", "Alavese Basque", "Roncalese" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 177 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 18 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one Basque from another, and a Basque from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a Basque, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a Basque, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a Basque is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a Basque, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a Basque, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a Basque is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a Basque sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a Basque, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a Basque, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a Basque is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a Basque from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a Basque, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a Basque, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a Basque is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a Basque passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a Basque between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a Basque, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a Basque, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a Basque is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a Basque, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a Basque is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a Basque, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a Basque, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a Basque is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "content-and-access", "name": "Content, encoding and access", "description": "What a Basque says, how it is encoded and who may read it.", "rationale": "An informational thing carries content that can be copied, versioned and withheld, none of which its physical carrier explains.", "layers": [ { "id": "content-and-encoding", "name": "Content and encoding", "description": "The content itself, its format and its language.", "findings": [ { "id": "content-and-format", "name": "Content, format and language", "description": "What a Basque contains and in what form it is held.", "questions": [ { "id": "content-and-format-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the content of a Basque, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "content-and-format-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the content of a Basque, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "content-and-format-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the content of a Basque is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "access-and-rights", "name": "Access, rights and retention", "description": "Who may read, copy or change it, and for how long it is kept.", "findings": [ { "id": "access-rules", "name": "Access rules and retention", "description": "The permissions attached to a Basque and the period it survives.", "questions": [ { "id": "access-rules-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes access to a Basque, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "access-rules-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about access to a Basque, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "access-rules-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once access to a Basque is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "work-and-manifestation", "name": "Work, version and copy", "description": "Which level of Basque a statement is about.", "rationale": "The work, the edition, the file and the copy in hand are four things; rights and content attach to different ones.", "layers": [ { "id": "levels", "name": "Levels of the thing", "description": "Work, expression, manifestation and item, in plain terms.", "findings": [ { "id": "level-rules", "name": "What belongs at each level", "description": "Which facts hold for the work and which only for one copy.", "questions": [ { "id": "level-rules-q01", "text": "For Basque, which facts belong to the work itself, which to a version, and which to a single copy?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "level-rules-q02", "text": "What identifier exists at each level, and which one is being cited?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "versions", "name": "Versions, editions and variants", "description": "How versions differ and which is canonical to whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "version-record", "name": "Versions and canonicity", "description": "Differences that matter and who calls one authoritative.", "questions": [ { "id": "version-record-q01", "text": "Which versions or editions of Basque exist, and how do they differ substantively?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "version-record-q02", "text": "Who treats which version as authoritative, and for what purpose?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "authorship-and-rights", "name": "Authorship, rights and permitted use", "description": "Who made Basque and what may be done with it.", "rationale": "Rights are jurisdictional, time-limited and attached to a level, and an agent that ignores that will copy what it may not.", "layers": [ { "id": "authorship", "name": "Authorship and contribution", "description": "Who contributed what, and in what capacity.", "findings": [ { "id": "contribution-record", "name": "Contributors and roles", "description": "The people and bodies behind it, with their roles.", "questions": [ { "id": "contribution-record-q01", "text": "Who authored or contributed to Basque, in what roles, and how is that attested?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "contribution-record-q02", "text": "Where authorship is disputed or anonymous, what is recorded instead?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "rights", "name": "Rights and permissions", "description": "Which rights subsist, where, until when, and what they permit.", "findings": [ { "id": "rights-record", "name": "Rights, term and permitted acts", "description": "The regime in force and what it allows.", "questions": [ { "id": "rights-record-q01", "text": "What rights subsist in Basque, in which jurisdictions, and until when?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "rights-record-q02", "text": "Which acts are permitted without further permission, and which must an agent refuse?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a Basque came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a Basque and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a Basque, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a Basque, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a Basque is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a Basque is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a Basque, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a Basque, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a Basque is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 12, "findings": 14, "questions": 38 } } } }