{ "model": { "rank": 4320, "code": "thing-q878070", "model_id": "vr.tr.duty", "name": "duty", "purpose": "Let an agent explain what a duty is and where duties come from, distinguish legal, professional, civic and moral duties, relay specific duties from statutes and codes in general terms, and route personal legal questions to professionals.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Cross-cutting context", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "XCT", "domain": "XCT.QLT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q878070/", "tier": 2, "score": 76, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "professional secrecy", "civic duty", "job duty", "jury duty", "teaching load", "legal obligation", "purchase obligation", "disclosure regulation", "Obligation of identification", "road management", "legal professional privilege", "legal professional privilege in England and Wales", "retention obligation", "legal professional privilege in Australia" ], "aliasCount": 14, "merged": 15, "knownIn": 76, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": "vr.tr.duty-possession", "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q878070", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q878070", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-12T21:17:39Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 3, "engine": "claude" }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q878070", "registryId": "vr.tr.duty", "name": "duty", "version": "0.2.0-wave.3", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "XCT.QLT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q878070/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.duty", "name": "duty", "purpose": "Let an agent explain what a duty is and where duties come from, distinguish legal, professional, civic and moral duties, relay specific duties from statutes and codes in general terms, and route personal legal questions to professionals.", "definition": "An obligation to act or refrain from acting, arising from law, contract, role, profession or morality, such as the duty of care, jury duty, civic duties, job duties and professional secrecy; duties correspond to rights and responsibilities and are enforced by legal sanction, professional discipline or social expectation depending on their source.", "what_it_is_for": "Defining what a person or organisation must do.", "affordances": [ "explain kinds and sources of duty", "relay specific duties from statutes and codes", "distinguish duties from rights and discretion", "route personal legal questions" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Obligatory character", "Source determines enforcement", "Correlates with rights", "Ranges from legal to moral" ], "appearance": "Not visible; a rule stated in law, contract, code or moral understanding.", "visual_identification": [ "Obligation to act or refrain", "Sources in law, contract, role or morality", "A right is what one may claim; a duty is what one must do" ], "physical_properties": [], "families_and_kinds": [ "legal duties such as the duty of care", "contractual duties", "professional duties such as confidentiality", "civic duties such as jury service and voting where compulsory", "job duties and workloads", "moral duties in ethical theory", "duty as a customs charge, a separate sense" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "responsibility", "why": "an obligation" }, { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "principle", "why": "in registry terms" }, { "relation": "corresponds to", "target": "right", "why": "the correlative concept" }, { "relation": "is enforced by", "target": "law", "why": "when legal" } ], "identifiers": [], "standards_and_regulation": [ "Statutes and case law defining legal duties", "Professional codes of conduct", "Employment contracts and job descriptions", "Jury and civic service laws" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Breach of duty and liability", "Conflicting duties", "Confusing moral and legal duties", "Agents giving personal legal advice" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "concept", "name": "Concept", "description": "What a duty is.", "rationale": "Definition.", "layers": [ { "id": "definition", "name": "Definition", "description": "Definition and sources.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-finding", "name": "Definition", "description": "Definition.", "questions": [ { "text": "What is a duty, and from which sources do duties arise?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Is the question about a legal, professional, civic or moral duty, or about a customs duty?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "rights", "name": "Rights", "description": "Duties and rights.", "findings": [ { "id": "rights-finding", "name": "Rights", "description": "Rights.", "questions": [ { "text": "How do duties correlate with rights and differ from discretion?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Which entry fits rights?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "law", "name": "Law", "description": "Legal duties.", "rationale": "Law.", "layers": [ { "id": "legal", "name": "Legal", "description": "Legal duties.", "findings": [ { "id": "legal-finding", "name": "Legal", "description": "Legal.", "questions": [ { "text": "What legal duties exist in a given area, such as the duty of care, in general terms?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Is the user asking about their own liability, which needs a lawyer?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "breach", "name": "Breach", "description": "Breach and enforcement.", "findings": [ { "id": "breach-finding", "name": "Breach", "description": "Breach.", "questions": [ { "text": "What happens when a duty is breached, and how are duties enforced?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits liability?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "roles", "name": "Roles", "description": "Professional and civic duties.", "rationale": "Practice.", "layers": [ { "id": "professional", "name": "Professional", "description": "Professional duties.", "findings": [ { "id": "professional-finding", "name": "Professional", "description": "Professional.", "questions": [ { "text": "What duties do professional codes impose, such as confidentiality?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits professional ethics?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "civic", "name": "Civic", "description": "Civic duties.", "findings": [ { "id": "civic-finding", "name": "Civic", "description": "Civic.", "questions": [ { "text": "What civic duties exist, such as jury service, and how do they vary by country?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits jury duty?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "ethics", "name": "Ethics", "description": "Moral duty and theory.", "rationale": "Attribution.", "layers": [ { "id": "theory", "name": "Theory", "description": "Ethical theories.", "findings": [ { "id": "theory-finding", "name": "Theory", "description": "Theory.", "questions": [ { "text": "How do deontological and other ethical theories treat duty, with positions attributed?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Is the presentation neutral?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "conflict", "name": "Conflict", "description": "Conflicting duties.", "findings": [ { "id": "conflict-finding", "name": "Conflict", "description": "Conflict.", "questions": [ { "text": "How are conflicts between duties analysed and resolved?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which references are standard?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should duty of care be a separate entry?", "How should professional codes be linked?", "The registry entry has merged aliases from teaching load to legal obligation; should they be split off?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "abstract concept", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a duty, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Let an agent explain what a duty is and where duties come from, distinguish legal, professional, civic and moral duties, relay specific duties from statutes and codes in general terms, and route personal legal questions to professionals.", "characteristics": { "substance": "abstract", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: professional secrecy, civic duty, job duty, jury duty, teaching load, legal obligation, purchase obligation, disclosure regulation, Obligation of identification, road management, legal professional privilege, legal professional privilege in England and Wales.", "15 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 76 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a duty, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "an abstraction with no physical instance", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see. What is recognised is an instance of it, and which instances count is exactly what is argued about." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "professional secrecy", "civic duty", "job duty", "jury duty", "teaching load", "legal obligation", "purchase obligation", "disclosure regulation", "Obligation of identification", "road management", "legal professional privilege", "legal professional privilege in England and Wales" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 76 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 15 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one duty from another, and a duty from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a duty, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a duty, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a duty is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a duty, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a duty, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a duty is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a duty sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a duty, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a duty, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a duty is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a duty from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a duty, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a duty, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a duty is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a duty passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a duty between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a duty, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a duty, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a duty is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a duty, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a duty is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a duty, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a duty, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a duty is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "definitions-in-contest", "name": "Definitions and who holds them", "description": "What duty is taken to mean, and by whom.", "rationale": "When a field disagrees about a concept, the disagreement is the content. A model that picks one definition silently destroys the information.", "layers": [ { "id": "competing-definitions", "name": "Competing definitions", "description": "The main readings and the traditions behind them.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-map", "name": "Definitions and their holders", "description": "Each definition with the school or body that holds it.", "questions": [ { "id": "definition-map-q01", "text": "Which definitions of duty are in use, and which tradition or body holds each?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "definition-map-q02", "text": "What turns on the difference between them in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "operationalisation", "name": "Operationalisation", "description": "How it is measured or applied when it has to be.", "findings": [ { "id": "operational-record", "name": "Measures and proxies", "description": "Instruments and indicators used to stand in for it.", "questions": [ { "id": "operational-record-q01", "text": "How is duty operationalised or measured in practice, and by what instrument?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "operational-record-q02", "text": "What does that operationalisation leave out, and when does that matter?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "instances-and-use", "name": "Instances, use and consequence", "description": "What counts as an instance of duty and what follows from calling something that.", "rationale": "Applying a concept is an act with consequences, so a model must say what the label licenses and what it does not.", "layers": [ { "id": "instances", "name": "What counts as an instance", "description": "Clear cases, borderline cases and non-cases.", "findings": [ { "id": "instance-tests", "name": "Tests for an instance", "description": "What would settle whether something falls under it.", "questions": [ { "id": "instance-tests-q01", "text": "What would settle whether something is an instance of duty?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "instance-tests-q02", "text": "Which borderline cases are argued about, and on what grounds?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "consequence", "name": "Consequence of application", "description": "Rights, duties or decisions that follow from the label.", "findings": [ { "id": "consequence-record", "name": "What the label licenses", "description": "What an agent may do once something is classified this way.", "questions": [ { "id": "consequence-record-q01", "text": "What follows practically once something is treated as duty?", "kind": "action" }, { "id": "consequence-record-q02", "text": "What must an agent not infer from the label alone?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a duty came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a duty and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a duty, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a duty, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a duty is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a duty is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a duty, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a duty, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a duty is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 10, "findings": 12, "questions": 32 } } } }